Rocks and the Rock Cycle

Rocks Rocks are formed from minerals. Different kinds of minerals make up

different kinds of rocks.

Rock Forming Minerals

Augite Hornblende Mica

Quartz Orthoclase PlagioclaseFeldspars

Three Types of Rocks Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

Rocks are classified by how they ARE FORMED!

Igneous Rocks Formed when rocks melt and cool

Melted rock is called:Magma: below earths surfaceLava: on earths surface Granite

_______ ________ _______

Process to form Igneous Rocks

Cool Rocks Melt Magma Igneous Rocks

Igneous Examples

Granite BasaltObsidian-Volcanic Glass

Scoria- Swiss Cheese

Pumice-some float Gabbro

Watch Igneous Rock Video

Sedimentary Rocks Form when broken pieces of rock

called sediment get compacted (pressed) and cemented (stuck) together

Rocks break into smaller pieces called sediment through the processes of erosion and weathering

These rocks may contain fossils

Sandstone

Process to form Sedimentary Rocks

_______ ________ _________

Compact & cement

Erosion & weathering

Rocks Sediments Sedimentary Rocks

Sedimentary Examples

Chert Rock SaltLimestone

Chalk Coquina

Watch Sedimentary Rock Video

Metamorphic Rock Form when existing rocks

are exposed to extreme heat and pressure

These rocks form deep under the surface of the Earth

Gneiss

Process to form Metamorphic Rocks

____ _________ Heat and pressure

Rocks Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphic Examples

SlateMica Schist

Garnet Schist

Quartzite Amphibolite Hornfels

Watch Metamorphic Rock Video

THE ROCK CYCLE

SEDIMENTARY

METAMORPHICHeat & Pressure

IGNEOUS

Heat & Pressure

Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Cementation, Compaction

Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Cementation, Compaction

Melting & Cooling

Melting & Cooling

Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Cementation, Compaction

Heat & Pressure Melting & Cooling

Type of Rock? (1)

Type of Rock? (2) Type of Rock? (3)

Extrusive igneous rocks form on or near the surface.

Intrusive igneous rocks form below the surface.

Where do IGNEOUS ROCKS form?

What process is probably occurring here or did occur in the recent past?

Compaction under water - forming SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

What process is probably occurring deep under these mountains?

Heat & Pressure - forming METAMORPHIC ROCKS

What process is probably occurring here?

Melting & Cooling - forming IGNEOUS ROCKS

THE ENDBONUS: Which picture portrays which formation process?

A.

B.

C.

What type of rock is each process forming?

Ticket-out1. How does an igneous rock become

sedimentary?

2. How do sedimentary rocks become metamorphic?