Roof and Architectural Elements

Obj 6.01

Flat Roof

Flat, or low sloped roofs CAN present unique problems for the building owner. Many material applications for flat roofs are unreliable. Many insurance companies have been unwilling to insure buildings with flat roofs due to some material's inability to withstand the elements, and the problems that arise from the failure of the roof. Flat

Roof

Gable Roof

A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. Gable roofs are also just about the worst type of roof to have in hurricane regions, as not only do gable roofs easily peel off in hurricane winds, but according to one Hurricane Survival Guide book, a gable end "catches wind like a sail."

Gable

CrossGable

Gambrel Roof

This roof looks more bell-like than triangular when viewed from the side. It is like a flattened gable roof. Many farms have gambrel roofs.

Hip Roof

A low-pitched roof that allows rain and snow to run off easily, the hipped roof also allows for large eaves on a building.

Mansard Roof

A French gable roof. The difference is that the mansard has a flat area at the top instead of being perfectly triangular. These are common in French Chateau houses and Second Empire style houses.

Roofing Terms to Know!!!!!!!! barge board - a board that conceals roof timbers

projecting over gables . beam - a long piece of wood or steel that supports

the roof (in a group can form a truss). cornice - the overhanging part of the roof (the part

that sticks out past the walls). eave - the beam ends of the roof that create the

cornice and allow water to drip off away from the building's walls.

fascia - the edge of the cornice

Roofing Terms to Know!!!

gable - triangular roof. rafter - parallel beams that support a roof

(similar to how joists support floors and ceilings).

soffit- the underside of the eave truss - a framework of beams (like ribs) that

support the roof (usually triangular).

Roof Broken Down

Activity!

This is an individual activity. You will need:

The smaller size of poster Construction paper Tape Scissors

You will be making the roof styles. You need to make all 5 of the types.

ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS

Architectural Elements

Gingerbreading-Heavily, gaudily, and superfluously ornamented

Commonly used in reference to late 19th century Victorian architecture

Found in Gothic Revival, Queen Anne styles

Turret/circular tower

A small tower that is part of a building, usually round and corbeled from a corner

Sometimes octagonal in shape.

Sometimes rises above the roof line to create an extra storey

Sometimes contains a staircase

Clapboard Clapboard, also known

as bevel siding or lap siding or weather-board (with regional variants as to the exact definitions of these terms), is a board used typically for exterior horizontal siding that has one edge thicker than the other and where the board above laps over the one below. It is often found in New England architecture.

Dormers

A window in a sloping roof, usually that of a sleeping-apartment, hence the name

Pediment

A triangular gable across a portico, door or window; any similar triangular decorative piece over a doorway, fireplace, etc.

Pilasters

A shallow rectangular column projecting only slightly from a wall and, in classical architecture, conforming with one of the orders

Fanlight

A window above a door, usually semicircular or semielliptical, with glazing bars radiating out like a fan

The fanlight became an increasingly important element in the design of the front door as the 18th century progressed. Gradually it became more popular to reduce the height of the door, replacing its upper register of panels with a fixed glazed panel ("fanlight") that admitted light to the hallway.

Portico A roofed entrance porch supported on at

least one side by columns

A portico was the principal porch or entrance to a Greek temple, and was roofed and usually open at the sides. The number of columns that made up a portico determined its architectural name. For example, tetrastyle (four columns), hexastyle (six columns), octastyle (eight columns), decastyle (ten columns).

Found on almost all styles of architecture.