Roots to Revolution The Difficulties Begin. Roots to Revolution Differences Create Tensions 1820: Federalists in power Allowed Anglo Americans to settle,

Roots to RevolutionThe Difficulties Begin

Roots to RevolutionDifferences Create Tensions

• 1820: Federalists in power• Allowed Anglo Americans to

settle, receive land grants, open their own schools, bring slaves

Roots to RevolutionDifferences Create Tensions

• 1829: Centralists come to power• Issued regulations to being states

and provinces of Mexico under the authority of the National government

• Anglo Americans consider the regulations unfair and unsafe

Roots to RevolutionFredonia Revolt

• Haden Edwards (empresario) was permitted to settle 800 families in Nacogdoches

• When he got there, may people were already there with no clear titles to the land


• Benjamin Edwards (Haden’s brother) thought the only way to solve this problem to get their land was to declare the colony independent from Mexico

• December 5, 1826: Edwards led a small group to the Old Stone Fort proclaiming the creation of the “Republic of Fredonia”


• Fredonia Rebellion collapsed when the Mexican troops arrived, many of the rebels fled to the US

• Effect: Mexican officials became worried and sent Colonel Jose de las Piedras to Nacogdoches to prevent more uprisings

Roots to RevolutionMier y Teran Investigations

• General Mier y Teran was sent to Texas to investigate Mexico’s suspicion of Texas after the Fredonian Rebellion

• Mier y Teran Report:• Expressed concern about the

growing Anglo influence in East Texas

• Made clear if the Mexican government did not act, Texas would be “Lost forever”

• Effect: Law of April 6, 1830

Roots to RevolutionLaw of April 6, 1830

• Law of April 6, 1830• Stopped immigration from the US• Suspended most empresario’s

contracts that had not been completed

• Encouraged immigration of families from Mexico

• Set up forts• Placed Customs Duty taxes on

foreign made products

Roots to RevolutionLaw of April 6, 1830

• Reaction to the Law of April 6, 1830• Anglo Americans considered this law

unfair b/c many colonists had families in US wanting to come to Texas

• Texas depended on trade with US• Significance: • One of the first turning points

between Texas and Mexico’s government

Roots to RevolutionRebellions 1831-1832

Roots to RevolutionSettlers Protest at Anahuac

• Who: • John Bradburn: Mexican official that

followed all the laws ran a customs duty station at Anahuac

• What• Bradburn arrested and imprisoned 2

lawyers (William B Travis and Patrick C. Jack) for interfering in his efforts to enforce the laws

Roots to RevolutionSettlers protest at Anahuac

• Significance:• A skirmish broke out when Texas

citizens marched to Anahauc to get the prisoners released, but the Texans needed more fire power

• Colonists made camp at Turtle Bayou to wait for John Austin to get a cannon

Roots to RevolutionTurtle Bayou Resolution

• While waiting, the colonists adopted a statement known as the Turtle Bayou Resolutions in June 1832

• Turtle Bayou Resolution• Denied they were rebelling• Said they were supporting Santa

Anna, who was leading a revolt against the Centralists President

Roots to RevolutionTurtle Bayou Resolution

• Significance: • Piedras arrived and released the

prisoners and took Bradburn out of command

• Soldiers at Anahuac declared support for Santa Anna and joined his growing forces in Mexico

Roots to RevolutionClash at Velasco

• Before John Austin knew that the prisoners were set free, he tried to get his cannon across the Brazos river, but was stopped by Mexican officials.

• Battle of Velasco: • Fight to get the cannon on to the

ship• Mexico ran out of ammunition• Bitter loss on both sides

Roots to RevolutionClash at Velasco

• Meanwhile, Santa Anna supporters won, and Santa Anna began serving as president in the summer of 1832

Roots to RevolutionConventions of 1832 and 1833

Convention of 1832• When: Oct 1832• Why: called to discuss changes in Texas• Who: • 55 delegates• Stephen F. Austin - president of the

convention• Where: San Felipe


• What: Created document to ask Mexican government:• They could be a separate Mexican

State• Permit Immigration from US• Exemption for import taxes• Improve educational facilities• Better protection for Native

Americans• Land titles for East Texas settlers


• Resolutions were sent to Mexico, but for some reason never presented to the Mexican government


Convention f 1833• When: April 1833• Why: Colonists still concerned about

the situation in Texas• Who: Mostly new delegates, including

Sam Houston• Where: San Felipe


• What: Adopted Resolutions• Adopted all the same resolutions as

the first• Added: Constitution for a Mexican

State of Texas• Stephen F. Austin took the resolutions

to Mexico City

Roots to RevolutionIncreased Tensions1833-1835

Roots to RevolutionAustin’s trip to Mexico

• Austin gets stalled because of a Cholera epidemic was raging through the capital

• Austin wrote to San Antonio describing his difficulties and encouraging Texans to form their own state government


• Nov 1833: Santa Anna met with Austin• Santa Anna decided• Repeal (do away with) the law

restricting immigration• Agreed to improve the court and

postal system• Denied their attempt for separate

statehood


• During Austin’s trip back, he was arrested for the letter he had sent to San Antonio

• With the help of political leader Musquiz, Austin was released from prison on Christmas Day 1834

• Allowed to returned to Texas on in Sept 1835

Roots to RevolutionTexas Calls for Consultation

Consultation 1835• Why did they meet: Texans nervous

about General Cos trying to imprison Texas residents for small uprising

• When: August 15, 1835 (Remember: SFA was still in Mexico until September 1, 1835)

• Where: Columbia


Consultation 1835• Who was there: • Peace Party- fearful, they didn’t

want more trouble!• War Party- favored an immediate

declaration of independence from Mexico, even if this meant WAR.


• When Austin arrived at the consultation he had become convinced that Santa Anna was coming a dictator- he urged the people to unite and get ready to fight

• “War is our only resource. There is no other remedy. We must defend our rights, ourselves, and our country by force of arms.” – S.F. Austin

Documents

Roots to Revolution The Difficulties Begin. Roots to Revolution Differences Create Tensions 1820: Federalists in power Allowed Anglo Americans to settle,