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PIONEERING WATER
ROYALNETHERLANDSEMBASSY
PIO
NEE
RIN
G
WAT
ER
RO
YAL
NE
THE
RLA
ND
SE
MB
AS
SY
23
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
FOR
EWO
RD
Th
e go
al o
f thi
s pu
blic
atio
n is
to
brie
fly d
escr
ibe
the
com
mon
thr
eats
and
op
port
uniti
es t
hat
the
US
and
the
Net
herla
nds
shar
e in
the
are
as o
f int
egra
ted
wat
er m
anag
emen
t, flo
od p
rote
ctio
n, d
isas
ter
resp
onse
and
clim
ate
chan
ge.
Hur
rican
e K
atrin
a re
min
ded
offic
ials
in b
oth
coun
trie
s th
at a
bsol
ute
safe
ty
is n
ot p
ossi
ble,
and
tha
t a
robu
st, m
ulti-
disc
iplin
ary
appr
oach
to
inte
grat
ed
wat
er m
anag
emen
t and
clim
ate
chan
ge is
nec
essa
ry. L
ivin
g w
ith w
ater
pre
sent
s
num
erou
s ch
alle
nges
and
incr
edib
le o
ppor
tuni
ties.
With
thi
s bo
okle
t w
e ho
pe
to s
timul
ate
the
read
er t
o im
agin
e ho
w t
he N
ethe
rland
s an
d th
e U
.S.—
two
of
the
wor
ld’s
old
est
frie
nds,
key
alli
es a
nd im
port
ant
trad
ing
part
ners
—ca
n fu
rthe
r de
epen
the
ir re
latio
nshi
p an
d jo
intly
sol
ve k
ey e
ngin
eerin
g, s
cien
tific
an
d pu
blic
pol
icy
ques
tions
.
The
cont
ents
of t
he b
ookl
et w
ere
deriv
ed fr
om v
ario
us s
ourc
es o
f pub
lic in
for-
mat
ion.
Any
faul
t w
ith t
he c
onte
nts
is a
ttrib
utab
le s
olel
y to
the
Em
bass
y. N
o rig
hts
or o
blig
atio
ns, e
xplic
it or
impl
ied,
are
affo
rded
by
or c
an b
e ta
ken
from
th
is p
ublic
atio
n.
The
Emba
ssy
wou
ld li
ke t
o ex
pres
s its
app
reci
atio
n to
the
follo
win
g en
titie
s:
Net
herla
nds
Min
istr
y of
Eco
nom
ic A
ffairs
Net
herla
nds
Min
istr
y of
Tra
nspo
rt, P
ublic
Wor
ks a
nd W
ater
Man
agem
ent
Net
herla
nds
Min
istr
y of
Hou
sing
, Spa
tial P
lann
ing
and
Envi
ronm
ent
Net
herla
nds
Wat
er P
artn
ersh
ip a
nd it
s su
ppor
ting
com
pani
esTh
e U
nite
d S
tate
s S
enat
eTh
e U
nite
d S
tate
s H
ouse
of R
epre
sent
ativ
esU
.S. A
rmy
Cor
ps o
f Eng
inee
rsU
.S. B
urea
u of
Rec
lam
atio
nC
alifo
rnia
Dep
artm
ent
of W
ater
Res
ourc
esC
alifo
rnia
Res
ourc
es A
genc
yLo
uisi
ana
Dep
artm
ent
of N
atur
al R
esou
rces
Loui
sian
a D
epar
tmen
t of
Tra
nspo
rtat
ion
and
Dev
elop
men
tS
outh
Flo
rida
Wat
er M
anag
emen
t D
istr
ict
45
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
“ WH
ILE
GO
D
CR
EATE
D
THE
EAR
TH,
THE
DU
TCH
C
REA
TED
TH
E N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S”
7
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
vigi
lant
. Whi
le w
e in
spec
t ev
ery
met
er o
f eve
ry d
ike,
leve
e, g
ate,
bar
rier,
and
slui
ce in
the
Net
herla
nds,
we
unde
rsta
nd t
hat
a ze
ro p
erce
nt r
isk
of fa
ilure
is
an
unat
tain
able
goa
l. W
e al
so k
now
tha
t im
agin
atio
n, in
nova
tion,
con
stan
t
mai
nten
ance
, new
tec
hnol
ogy,
bett
er r
isk
asse
ssm
ent
tool
s, a
nd p
repa
ring
fo
r “w
hat
if” s
cena
rios
are
cruc
ial t
o ou
r na
tiona
l sur
viva
l.
Hur
rican
e K
atrin
a’s
deva
stat
ion
shoc
ked
and
sadd
ened
the
wor
ld. T
he D
utch
w
ere
rem
inde
d of
the
ir ow
n te
rrib
le fl
ood
in 1
953 a
nd t
he U
.S. g
over
nmen
t’s
prom
pt d
ispa
tch
of h
elic
opte
rs a
nd a
id. T
o he
lp o
ur fr
iend
s in
Lou
isia
na a
nd
Mis
siss
ippi
, my
gove
rnm
ent
imm
edia
tely
dis
patc
hed
mob
ile p
umps
, nav
al s
hips
, fo
od, m
edic
ine,
and
oth
er s
uppl
ies
to the
U.S
. Gul
f Coa
st. S
ince
the
n, the
Dut
ch
have
dis
cuss
ed w
ith U
.S. p
ublic
and
priv
ate
sect
or o
ffici
als
how
Dut
ch e
xper
tise
and
tech
nolo
gy m
ight
str
engt
hen
U.S
. hur
rican
e an
d flo
od p
rote
ctio
n sy
stem
s.
Polic
ymak
ers
from
Cal
iforn
ia, F
lorid
a, N
ew Y
ork
and
the
Net
herla
nds
are
shar
ing
best
pra
ctic
es o
n w
ater
sys
tem
man
agem
ent,
clim
ate
chan
ge, e
nviro
nmen
tal
rest
orat
ion,
dis
aste
r and
em
erge
ncy
resp
onse
, and
sou
nd w
ater
front
dev
elop
men
t.
Dee
p an
d la
stin
g pa
rtne
rshi
ps—
gove
rnm
ent-t
o-go
vern
men
t, un
iver
sity
-to-u
nive
rsity
, bu
sine
ss-to
-bus
ines
s—an
d tw
o-w
ay, m
ulti-
disc
iplin
ary
inte
ract
ion
are
key.
The
Net
herla
nds
was
the
first
fore
ign
coun
try
to s
alut
e th
e U
.S. fl
ag in
177
6, a
nd
we
have
join
ed tog
ethe
r m
any
times
sin
ce to
conf
ront
com
mon
thr
eats
. Effe
ctiv
e w
ater
man
agem
ent
is n
ot a
new
cha
lleng
e, b
ut a
s th
e w
orld
’s c
limat
e ch
ange
s an
d br
ings
with
it n
ew p
robl
ems
and
oppo
rtun
ities
, clo
se D
utch
-Am
eric
an c
oop-
erat
ion
can
yiel
d ec
onom
ic e
ffici
enci
es a
nd s
afet
y be
nefit
s of
gre
at m
agni
tude
.
This
sm
all b
ookl
et p
rovi
des
a br
ief o
verv
iew
of t
his
very
frui
tful
and
gro
win
g
coop
erat
ion.
I w
elco
me
you
to c
onta
ct o
ur E
mba
ssy
or a
ny o
f the
Dut
ch o
rgan
i-za
tions
men
tione
d he
rein
for
mor
e in
form
atio
n or
gui
danc
e.
Cro
wn
Prin
ce W
illem
Ale
xand
er o
f the
Net
herla
nds
INTR
OD
UC
TIO
N
Wat
er is
a c
ruci
al fe
atur
e of
the
Amer
ican
land
scap
e. D
evel
opm
ent a
nd e
xpan
sion
on
and
nea
r th
e M
ight
y M
issi
ssip
pi, t
he H
udso
n, the
Mis
sour
i, th
e O
hio,
the
K
issi
mm
ee riv
ers
are
mile
post
mar
kers
on
the
road
map
of A
mer
ican
pro
gres
s.
New
Yor
k, N
ew O
rlean
s, S
an F
ranc
isco
, Chi
cago
, Bos
ton,
Sea
ttle
, St.
Loui
s an
d M
iam
i are
gre
at c
ities
bec
ause
of t
heir
prox
imity
to w
ater
.
Acro
ss t
he U
nite
d S
tate
s, p
ublic
aw
aren
ess
of e
ffect
ive
wat
er m
anag
emen
t is
gr
owin
g. H
urric
anes
, floo
ds, d
roug
hts,
and
wat
er s
hort
ages
, con
tam
inat
ion,
st
orag
e, a
nd c
onve
yanc
e cr
eate
uni
que
chal
leng
es fo
r Am
eric
an p
olic
ymak
ers.
O
ne o
f Am
eric
a’s
olde
st fr
iend
s—th
e N
ethe
rland
s—is
als
o co
nfro
ntin
g th
ese
sam
e ch
alle
nges
.
The
Net
herla
nds’
str
uggl
e w
ith w
ater
has
defi
ned
its h
isto
ry. W
ater
has
bee
n frie
nd a
nd fo
e al
ike—
a so
urce
of v
italit
y an
d a
sour
ce o
f dev
asta
tion.
Dem
ocra
tic
gove
rnm
ent fi
rst a
ppea
red
in a
bout
130
0 AD
whe
n D
utch
mer
chan
ts a
nd fa
rmer
s cr
eate
d lo
cal w
ater
boa
rds
to “
keep
peo
ple’
s fe
et d
ry.”
Eig
ht h
undr
ed y
ears
late
r, D
utch
wat
er b
oard
s, in
par
tner
ship
with
loca
l and
nat
iona
l gov
ernm
ent,
have
turn
ed
coas
tal s
wam
ps, h
uge
inla
nd la
kes,
and
low
-lyin
g bo
gs in
to p
rodu
ctiv
e la
nd u
sed
for f
arm
ing,
recr
eatio
n, fl
ood
cont
rol,
urba
n gr
owth
, com
mer
ce, h
ousi
ng, a
nd m
ore.
“Whi
le G
od C
reat
ed th
e Ea
rth,
the
Dut
ch c
reat
ed th
e N
ethe
rland
s” is
an
old
Dut
ch
sayi
ng. T
wo-
third
s of
the
cou
ntry
is a
t or
bel
ow s
ea le
vel,
subj
ect to
riv
er fl
oodi
ng
and
tidal
inun
datio
n. Y
et m
ore
than
11 m
illio
n pe
ople
—tw
o-th
irds
of a
ll D
utch
ci
tizen
s—liv
e in
, and
70 p
erce
nt o
f Dut
ch g
ross
-dom
estic
pro
duct
is p
rodu
ced
in, t
hese
floo
d-pr
one
area
s. O
ur w
orld
-cla
ss w
ater
man
agem
ent
prac
tices
and
in
nova
tive
flood
pro
tect
ion
infra
stru
ctur
e re
pres
ent a
mul
tifac
eted
, int
egra
ted,
an
d co
nsta
ntly
evo
lvin
g re
spon
se to
man
y ne
ar a
nd rea
l dis
aste
rs. W
e lik
e liv
ing
with
the
wat
er—
it is
a s
ourc
e of
gre
at p
rosp
erity
—bu
t w
e kn
ow w
e m
ust
rem
ain
Cro
wn
Prin
ce W
illem
Ale
xand
er
of t
he N
ethe
rland
s
8TA
BLE
OF
CO
NTE
NTS
EM
ER
GE
NC
Y
PLA
NN
ING
A
ND
DIS
AS
TER
R
ES
PO
NS
E
FLO
RID
A
DE
LTA
MA
NA
GE
ME
NT
C
HA
LLE
NG
ES
CO
NC
LUS
ION
CO
NTA
CTS
NE
W O
RLE
AN
SC
ALI
FOR
NIA
THE
NE
THE
RLA
ND
S,
CLI
MA
TE C
HA
NG
E,
AN
D C
LIM
ATE
PR
OO
FIN
GFO
RE
WO
RD
INTR
OD
UC
TIO
N
BY
CR
OW
N P
RIN
CE
W
ILLE
M A
LEX
AN
DE
R
RIS
K M
AN
AG
EM
EN
T IN
TH
E T
WE
NTY
-FIR
ST
CE
NTU
RY
THE
NE
THE
RLA
ND
S’
EX
PE
RIE
NC
E
THE
NE
THE
RLA
ND
S
AN
D T
HE
UN
ITE
D
STA
TES
10
11
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
THE
NET
HER
LAN
DS
’
EXPE
RIE
NC
EFL
OO
D C
ON
TRO
L Th
e to
pogr
aphy
of t
he N
ethe
rland
s ha
s m
ade
the
Dut
ch w
orld
-cla
ss e
xper
ts in
th
e pl
anni
ng, d
esig
n, c
onst
ruct
ion,
and
mai
nten
ance
of d
ams,
leve
es, s
urge
ba
rrie
rs, a
nd o
ther
floo
d co
ntro
l str
uctu
res.
Thr
ough
res
earc
h an
d ex
perie
nce,
th
e D
utch
hav
e ac
quire
d sp
ecia
lized
kno
wle
dge
in le
vee
failu
re m
echa
nism
s (p
ipin
g, s
eepa
ge, o
vert
oppi
ng, u
nequ
al p
ress
ures
, etc
.); h
ave
desi
gned
uni
que
soft
war
e an
d as
sess
men
t te
chni
ques
to
pred
ict
pote
ntia
l lev
ee fa
ilure
; and
ha
ve d
evel
oped
inno
vativ
e te
chni
ques
—m
ixed
in p
lace
, exp
andi
ng c
olum
ns,
nails
in le
vees
, aut
omat
ed c
ount
erba
lanc
e—to
str
engt
hen
wea
kene
d ur
ban
leve
es. M
oreo
ver,
the
Net
herla
nds
is u
niqu
e in
the
wor
ld fo
r its
use
of ‘
soft
’ m
easu
res
to e
nhan
ce w
etla
nds
and
prev
ent
eros
ion
alon
g its
coa
st.
THE
DEL
TA W
OR
KS
The
Net
herla
nds’
Del
ta W
orks
is t
he w
orld
’s la
rges
t flo
od p
rote
ctio
n pr
ojec
t.
Beg
un a
fter
the
dev
asta
ting
1953 fl
oods
in t
he p
rovi
nce
of Z
eela
nd in
the
so
uthw
este
rn N
ethe
rland
s, t
he D
elta
Wor
ks in
clud
e:
the
Eas
tern
Sch
eldt
Bar
rier,
a fiv
e-m
ile lo
ng s
torm
sur
ge b
arrie
r al
ong
the
Nor
th S
ea c
oast
tha
t re
sts
in t
he o
pen
posi
tion
to p
rese
rve
the
uniq
ue
ecol
ogy
of t
he e
stua
ry 1
800 m
iles
of p
rimar
y le
vees
and
8500 m
iles
of s
econ
dary
leve
es m
ore
than
300 s
econ
dary
dam
s—so
me
quite
larg
e—ga
tes
and
slui
ces
that
ha
ve s
hort
ened
the
exp
osed
Dut
ch c
oast
line
by t
wo-
third
s, t
he M
aesl
ant
Bar
rier,
two
larg
e sw
ingi
ng g
ates
—ea
ch t
he s
ize
of t
he E
iffel
To
wer
—co
mpl
eted
in 1
997
to p
rote
ct R
otte
rdam
, its
por
t and
sur
roun
ding
are
as
Thes
e st
ruct
ures
com
bine
to
prov
ide
the
Net
herla
nds
with
a v
ery
high
leve
l of
flood
pro
tect
ion.
Are
as t
hat
are
mos
t vu
lner
able
to
flood
ing
with
a h
igh
econ
om-
ic a
nd h
uman
val
ue h
ave
flood
pro
tect
ion
infr
astr
uctu
re d
esig
ned
to w
ithst
and
a 1 in
10,0
00 y
ear
flood
. The
Net
herla
nds,
how
ever
, is
cont
inua
lly r
efini
ng a
nd
upda
ting
flood
pro
tect
ion
polic
y, m
ost
rece
ntly
by
inco
rpor
atin
g ris
k m
anag
e-m
ent
conc
epts
into
tha
t po
licy.
Thi
s ne
w p
ract
ice
mov
es a
way
from
des
igni
ng
infr
astr
uctu
re t
o w
ithst
and
a th
eore
tical
sto
rm a
nd t
owar
d de
sign
ing,
insp
ectin
g an
d m
aint
aini
ng fl
ood
prot
ectio
n to
red
uce
the
actu
al p
roba
bilit
y of
floo
ding
in
any
and
all a
reas
. The
pol
icy
also
hel
ps o
ffici
als
set
prio
ritie
s an
d m
ake
mor
e in
form
ed d
ecis
ions
abo
ut w
here
to
inve
st r
esou
rces
in a
ny g
iven
yea
r.
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n, s
ee w
ww
.del
taw
erke
n.nl
/eng
lish.
13
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
WAT
ER M
AN
AG
EMEN
T EX
PER
TIS
E D
utch
exp
ertis
e w
ith w
ater
is n
ot li
mite
d to
floo
d co
ntro
l. It
exte
nds
to s
ever
al
area
s of
wat
er m
anag
emen
t, pa
rtic
ular
ly t
he o
nes
men
tione
d be
low.
INTE
GR
ATED
WAT
ER M
AN
AG
EMEN
T In
tegr
ated
wat
er m
anag
emen
t: w
ater
gov
erna
nce
and
sust
aina
ble
use
of
wat
er r
esou
rces
Par
tner
ship
s: b
uild
ing
natio
nal a
nd in
tern
atio
nal p
artn
ersh
ips
and
wat
er
netw
orks
Inst
itut
iona
l dev
elop
men
t: in
stitu
tiona
l cap
acity
bui
ldin
g (a
dmin
istr
ativ
e,
legi
slat
ive,
and
man
ager
ial),
tra
inin
g an
d ed
ucat
ion,
kno
wle
dge
exch
ange
DEL
TA T
ECH
NO
LOG
Y W
ater
man
agem
ent:
mon
itorin
g of
gro
undw
ater
and
sur
face
wat
er, i
rrig
atio
n,
drai
nage
, drin
king
wat
er s
uppl
y an
d sa
nita
tion
Flo
od p
rote
ctio
n/m
anag
emen
t of
floo
d ris
ks H
ydra
ulic
eng
inee
ring:
dre
dgin
g; la
nd rec
lam
atio
n, p
ort,
dike
, and
dam
co
nstr
uctio
n, m
aint
enan
ce o
f sof
t sa
ndy
coas
ts S
pati
al p
lann
ing
usin
g w
ater
as
a gu
idin
g pr
inci
ple
for
spat
ial d
evel
opm
ent:
m
ultif
unct
iona
l lan
d us
e in
den
sely
pop
ulat
ed a
reas
, com
bine
d ur
ban
deve
lop-
men
t an
d w
ater
sto
rage
, the
dev
elop
men
t of
nat
ure
rese
rves
and
rec
reat
iona
l ar
eas,
coa
stal
zon
es a
nd e
stua
ries
Env
ironm
enta
l con
serv
atio
n: e
colo
gica
l res
tora
tion
of r
iver
s an
d co
asta
l zon
es,
wet
land
man
agem
ent,
prot
ectio
n of
bio
dive
rsity
and
wat
erfo
wl
habi
tats
, and
the
wis
e us
e of
wet
land
s, m
angr
oves
, and
cor
al r
eefs
WAT
ER T
ECH
NO
LOG
Y W
ater
sup
ply
for do
mes
tic
and
indu
stria
l use
s: th
e N
ethe
rland
s’ p
ublic
drin
king
w
ater
sup
plie
s re
ach
alm
ost
100 p
erce
nt o
f the
pop
ulat
ion,
pro
vidi
ng w
ater
of
the
hig
hest
qua
lity
with
out
the
use
of d
isin
fect
ants
or
chlo
rinat
ion.
Man
y in
dust
ries
can
use
recy
cled
wat
er w
here
qua
lity
is a
djus
ted
to m
eet
the
need
s of
key
pro
duct
ion
proc
esse
s W
aste
wat
er t
reat
men
t an
d sa
nita
tion
To le
arn
mor
e ab
out
wat
er m
anag
emen
t in
the
Net
herl
ands
, con
tact
the
Net
herl
ands
W
ater
Par
tner
ship
at
info
@nw
p.nl
w
ww
.nw
p.nl
w
ww
.wat
erin
then
ethe
rlan
ds.o
rg
The
Mae
slan
t an
d Ea
ster
n S
chel
dt
barr
iers
pro
tect
D
utch
del
ta a
nd
citie
s from
Nor
th
Sea
sto
rm s
urge
.
14
15
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
Dut
ch h
isto
ry c
an b
e m
arke
d by
rep
eate
d, a
nd o
ften
ove
rwhe
lmin
g, fl
oods
. The
af
term
ath
of e
ach
flood
saw
a s
tren
gthe
ning
of fl
ood
defe
nses
and
impr
ovem
ents
to
sup
port
ing
infr
astr
uctu
re. I
ndee
d, t
he o
vera
ll le
vel o
f pro
tect
ion
from
floo
ding
in
the
Net
herla
nds
is q
uite
hig
h. T
he h
ighe
st le
vel o
f pro
tect
ion—
prov
ided
to
citie
s an
d ar
eas
with
a h
igh-
dens
ity o
f hum
an a
nd e
cono
mic
cap
ital—
in t
he
Net
herla
nds
is d
esig
ned
to w
ithst
and
a 1 in
10,0
00 y
ear
flood
. The
low
est
leve
l of p
rote
ctio
n—de
sign
ed fo
r in
land
, rur
al a
nd s
pars
ely
popu
late
d ar
eas
—is
des
igne
d to
with
stan
d a
1 in
1,2
50 y
ear
flood
.
In r
ecen
t ye
ars
Dut
ch o
ffici
als
have
beg
un t
o in
corp
orat
e ris
k m
anag
emen
t
conc
epts
into
floo
d po
licy. B
y do
ing
so, t
he D
utch
gov
ernm
ent i
s ab
le to
pro
tect
its
citi
zens
mor
e ef
fect
ivel
y an
d ef
ficie
ntly.
One
asp
ect
of r
isk
man
agem
ent
is the
div
isio
n of
the
land
into
dik
e rin
g co
mpa
rtm
ents
tha
t ha
ve d
iffer
ent ris
k le
vels
of fl
oodi
ng. A
noth
er c
hang
e ha
s be
en to
mov
e aw
ay fr
om d
esig
ning
infra
-st
ruct
ure
to w
ithst
and
a th
eore
tical
sto
rm a
nd t
owar
d de
sign
ing,
insp
ectin
g an
d m
aint
aini
ng fl
ood
prot
ectio
n to
red
uce
the
actu
al p
roba
bilit
y of
floo
ding
in a
ny
and
all a
reas
. Goo
d da
ta p
rovi
ded
by r
outin
e, m
anda
tory
insp
ectio
ns is
cru
cial
to
thi
s ch
ange
. Ris
k m
anag
emen
t con
cept
s al
so h
elp
esta
blis
h pr
iorit
ies
in a
ny
give
n ye
ar b
y ta
rget
ing
reso
urce
s on
the
wea
kest
link
s in
the
cha
in.
Goo
d ris
k m
anag
emen
t al
so r
equi
res
evol
ving
bes
t pr
actic
es. G
ood
wat
er m
an-
agem
ent
is n
ot a
sta
tic p
roce
ss. D
utch
wat
er m
anag
emen
t po
licy
cons
tant
ly
adap
ts t
o do
mes
tic, i
nter
natio
nal,
and
atm
osph
eric
dev
elop
men
ts. F
or e
xam
ple,
ne
w p
roce
dure
s en
able
Dut
ch o
ffici
als
to b
ette
r un
ders
tand
the
cos
t-ben
efit
aspe
cts
of fl
ood
prot
ectio
n de
cisi
ons.
The
Dut
ch n
atio
nal g
over
nmen
t, pr
ovin
cial
go
vern
men
ts, a
nd lo
cal w
ater
boa
rds
will
join
tly im
plem
ent
the
new
“S
afe
N
ethe
rland
s R
oadm
ap,”
whi
ch r
equi
res:
RIS
K M
AN
AG
EMEN
T IN
TH
E TW
ENTY
-FIR
ST
CEN
TUR
YW
hat
Pro
tect
ion
At
Wha
t C
ost?
16
17
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
man
dato
ry in
spec
tions
of a
ll flo
od p
rote
ctio
n in
fras
truc
ture
no
less
tha
n on
ce
ever
y fiv
e ye
ars
ass
essm
ents
of a
ll po
ssib
le fa
ilure
mec
hani
sms—
whe
ther
cau
sed
by n
atur
al
or h
uman
fact
ors
of t
he in
fras
truc
ture
—in
the
dik
e rin
g co
mpa
rtm
ents
cal
cula
tions
of t
he p
roba
bilit
y of
floo
ding
sho
uld
failu
re o
ccur
GIS
tec
hnol
ogy,
dem
ogra
phic
and
insu
ranc
e da
mag
e “c
urve
s” tha
t he
lp p
redi
ct
pote
ntia
l floo
d da
mag
e, b
oth
hum
an a
nd e
cono
mic
, fro
m p
artic
ular
failu
res,
and
rigo
rous
cos
t-ben
efit a
naly
ses
that
cry
stal
lize
polic
y al
tern
ativ
es, g
uide
dec
isio
ns,
and
expl
ain
to t
he p
ublic
the
rat
iona
le b
ehin
d de
cisi
ons
Suc
cess
ful r
isk
man
agem
ent
begi
ns w
ith c
omm
unic
atin
g to
the
pub
lic a
nd
key
stak
ehol
ders
wha
t th
e w
ell-d
efine
d, a
ccep
tabl
e le
vels
of r
isk
are.
Bro
adly
sp
eaki
ng, a
ccep
tabl
e ris
k is
the
sci
entifi
cally
est
ablis
hed
prob
abili
ty o
f los
s of
life
and
eco
nom
ic d
amag
e th
at w
ill r
esul
t fr
om t
he fa
ilure
of a
n en
gine
ered
sy
stem
, suc
h as
dam
s, le
vees
, gat
es, w
eirs
, or
the
wat
er s
yste
m’s
abi
lity
to
tem
pora
rily
abso
rb o
r di
vert
exc
ess
wat
er. “
How
saf
e is
saf
e?”
and
“How
muc
h m
oney
will
a s
peci
fic le
vel o
f saf
ety
cost
?” a
re im
port
ant
engi
neer
ing
and
polic
y qu
estio
ns t
hat
guid
e ac
cept
able
ris
k de
term
inat
ions
. In
orde
r to
impr
ove
risk
asse
ssm
ent
prac
tices
and
to
refin
e le
vels
of a
ccep
tabl
e ris
k, t
he D
utch
col
labo
-ra
te w
ith t
heir
coun
terp
arts
in c
ount
ries
arou
nd t
he w
orld
, inc
ludi
ng t
he U
nite
d S
tate
s, w
here
the
y co
nsul
t w
ith e
xper
ts in
the
Arm
y C
orps
of E
ngin
eers
, the
B
urea
u of
Rec
lam
atio
n, a
nd in
man
y st
ate
gove
rnm
ents
.
Floo
ding
in the
N
ethe
rland
s in
1953 a
nd in
1993.
18
19
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
In M
ay 2
004, t
he U
.S. A
rmy
Cor
ps o
f Eng
inee
rs (U
SAC
E) a
nd t
he D
utch
R
ijksw
ater
staa
t (RW
S) s
igne
d a
Mem
oran
dum
of A
gree
men
t (M
OA)
to c
olla
bora
te
on p
olic
y an
d w
ater
res
ourc
es p
lann
ing
and
man
agem
ent. T
he R
ijksw
ater
staa
t is
pa
rt o
f the
Net
herla
nds
Min
istr
y of
Tra
nspo
rt, P
ublic
Wor
ks a
nd W
ater
Man
agem
ent
and
is re
spon
sibl
e fo
r floo
d pr
even
tion
and
for t
he m
ain
road
, wat
er tr
ansp
ort a
nd
traf
fic a
rter
ies.
US
ACE
is a
cou
nter
part
of R
WS
in t
he U
nite
d S
tate
s in
the
fiel
d of
wat
er m
anag
emen
t.
With
in t
he M
OA,
US
ACE
and
RW
S h
ave
held
rec
urrin
g te
chni
cal w
orks
hops
on
a va
riety
of t
hem
es in
clud
ing
wat
er m
anag
emen
t, le
vees
, eva
cuat
ion,
and
dam
age
miti
gatio
n. T
he M
OA
also
faci
litat
es m
any
othe
r ac
tiviti
es. A
t th
e co
rpor
ate
leve
l, a
join
t stu
dy is
com
parin
g an
d co
ntra
stin
g th
e w
ater
man
agem
ent hi
stor
y of
bot
h co
untr
ies.
At
a st
rate
gic
leve
l, hi
gh-le
vel m
anag
emen
t an
d to
p sp
ecia
lists
from
U
SAC
E an
d RW
S r
egul
arly
exc
hang
e an
d pa
rtic
ipat
e in
eac
h ot
her’s
cou
ncils
, co
nfer
ence
s, a
nd w
orki
ng g
roup
s.
The
afte
rmat
h of
Hur
rican
es R
ita a
nd K
atrin
a ha
s gi
ven
part
icul
ar fo
cus
and
vita
lity
to t
his
part
ners
hip.
Bot
h pa
rtie
s ar
e us
ing
the
less
ons
that
dis
aste
rs
of t
his
mag
nitu
de t
each
to
lear
n fr
om o
ne a
noth
er o
n is
sues
rel
ated
to
coas
tal
zone
pro
tect
ion
and
man
agem
ent.
The
ir co
oper
ativ
e ef
fort
s be
gan
with
the
N
ew O
rlean
s ar
ea, b
ut t
hey
have
gro
wn
to in
clud
e th
e ar
ea a
roun
d S
acra
men
to,
Cal
iforn
ia a
s w
ell.
Mor
eove
r, di
scus
sion
s ar
e un
derw
ay t
o de
term
ine
whe
ther
co
oper
atio
n w
ith F
lorid
a w
ould
be
frui
tful
.
THE
NET
HER
LAN
DS
A
ND
TH
E U
NIT
ED S
TATE
SW
orki
ng T
oget
her
in W
ater
Man
agem
ent
The
Mae
slan
t B
arrie
r, sh
own
here
in a
clo
sed
posi
tion,
pro
tect
s th
e Po
rt
City
of R
otte
rdam
. Eac
h
of it
s m
assi
ve a
rms
are
the
size
of t
he E
iffel
Tow
er.
20
21
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
“ KEE
P
PEO
PLE’
S
FEET
DR
Y”
22
23
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
NEW
OR
LEA
NS
The
low
er M
issi
ssip
pi R
iver
Del
ta a
nd t
he lo
wer
Rhi
ne R
iver
Del
ta in
the
N
ethe
rland
s ar
e qu
ite a
like.
Bot
h de
ltas
drai
n la
rge
part
s of
the
ir re
spec
tive
cont
inen
ts; b
oth
are
key
loca
tions
for
com
mer
ce, s
hipp
ing,
fish
ing,
and
oth
er
econ
omic
act
ivity
; bot
h se
rve
as h
ubs
for
near
by o
il an
d ga
s de
velo
pmen
t; a
nd
both
are
bea
utifu
l, ec
olog
ical
ly r
ich
and
envi
ronm
enta
lly s
ensi
tive
area
s. B
oth
area
s, m
oreo
ver,
are
hom
e to
cul
tura
lly r
ich
com
mun
ities
tha
t lie
bel
ow s
ea
leve
l and
are
vul
nera
ble
to p
erio
dic,
oft
en c
atas
trop
hic,
floo
ding
.
KAT
RIN
A R
ESP
ON
SE
With
in h
ours
aft
er H
urric
ane
Kat
rina
mad
e la
ndfa
ll, t
he D
utch
gov
ernm
ent
disp
atch
ed m
obile
pum
ps, c
ivil
engi
neer
s, a
nd a
Roy
al N
avy
frig
ate,
a q
uick
re
spon
se m
ade
poss
ible
by
the
Mem
oran
dum
of A
gree
men
t be
twee
n th
e
U.S
. Arm
y C
orps
of E
ngin
eers
and
the
Dut
ch R
ijksw
ater
staa
t.
Post
-Kat
rina,
the
Mem
oran
dum
has
ena
bled
furt
her
inte
ract
ion
betw
een
the
Cor
ps a
nd D
utch
exp
erts
in N
ew O
rlean
s an
d th
e su
rrou
ndin
g ar
ea, i
nclu
ding
: in
spec
tion
of t
he fe
dera
l Hur
rican
e Pr
otec
tion
Sys
tem
leve
es p
rote
ctin
g N
ew
Orle
ans
by t
he D
utch
firm
s Ar
cadi
s, F
ugro
, Has
koni
ng, a
nd D
HV
geo
tech
nica
l ana
lysi
s of
sub
soils
and
hyd
rom
orph
ic c
ondi
tions
alo
ng t
he
low
er M
issi
ssip
pi r
iver
by
Fugr
o, D
HV,
and
Has
koni
ng d
esig
n as
sist
ance
on
emer
genc
y re
pairs
to
dam
aged
leve
es a
nd fl
ood
cont
rol
stru
ctur
es b
y Ar
cadi
s an
d H
asko
ning
con
cept
ual s
tudi
es fo
r tw
o la
rge
stor
m s
urge
bar
riers
to
prot
ect
New
Orle
ans
by A
rcad
is a
nd W
L D
elft
Hyd
raul
ics,
and
a D
utch
per
spec
tive
on t
he L
ouis
iana
Coa
stal
Pro
tect
ion
and
Res
tora
tion
plan
Dut
ch g
over
nmen
t, ac
adem
ic, a
nd p
rivat
e se
ctor
exp
erts
are
als
o in
clo
se c
onta
ct
with
offi
cial
s from
the
Lou
isia
na D
epar
tmen
t of
Tra
nspo
rtat
ion
and
Dev
elop
men
t, th
e Lo
uisi
ana
Dep
artm
ent o
f Nat
ural
Res
ourc
es, t
he L
ouis
iana
Coa
stal
Pro
tect
ion
and
Res
tora
tion
Auth
ority
, and
the
New
Orle
ans
City
Cou
ncil.
Day
s af
ter K
atrin
a,
Jaap
van
Wis
sen
of
Dut
ch R
ijksw
ater
staa
tas
sem
blin
g D
utch
pu
mps
tha
t he
lp to
dew
ater
New
Orle
ans.
24
25
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
LOU
ISIA
NA
CO
ASTA
L P
RO
TEC
TIO
N A
ND
RES
TOR
ATIO
N (
LAC
PR
)In
late
200
5, th
e U
.S. C
ongr
ess
man
date
d th
at th
e U
.S. A
rmy
Cor
ps o
f Eng
inee
rs
subm
it to
Con
gres
s a
deta
iled,
long
-term
pla
n to
pro
vide
pro
tect
ion
for N
ew O
rlean
s ag
ains
t a
Cat
egor
y 5 h
urric
ane.
Thi
s pr
otec
tion
wou
ld b
e ov
er a
nd a
bove
the
al
read
y ex
istin
g, b
ut n
ot y
et fu
lfille
d, req
uire
men
t fo
r th
e C
orps
to
prov
ide
1 in
100 y
ear st
orm
pro
tect
ion
for N
ew O
rlean
s.
The
Cor
ps h
as e
ngag
ed a
tea
m o
f Net
herla
nds
Wat
er P
artn
ersh
ip m
embe
rs—
incl
udin
g th
e R
ijksw
ater
staa
t, Ar
cadi
s, F
ugro
, DH
V, In
fram
, WL
Del
ft H
ydra
ulic
s,
HK
V an
d H
asko
ning
—to
del
iver
a c
once
ptua
l stu
dy o
f how
Dut
ch e
ngin
eers
w
ould
pro
vide
Cat
egor
y 5 p
rote
ctio
n fo
r N
ew O
rlean
s. T
he D
utch
tea
m a
nd
vario
us m
embe
rs o
f the
Cor
ps h
ave
held
num
erou
s in
tera
ctiv
e w
orks
hops
, an
d bo
th C
orps
and
Dut
ch o
ffici
als
prai
se thi
s in
tera
ctio
n fo
r de
epen
ing
the
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
cha
lleng
es in
New
Orle
ans
and
the
cost
s/be
nefit
s of
var
ious
po
licy
alte
rnat
ives
. The
stu
dy—
tent
ativ
ely
entit
led
“The
Dut
ch P
ersp
ectiv
e on
Lo
uisi
ana
Coa
stal
Res
tora
tion
and
Prot
ectio
n”—
will
be
incl
uded
as
an a
ppen
dix
to the
Cor
ps’ s
ubm
issi
on to
Con
gres
s.
SPA
TIA
L P
LAN
NIN
GPr
otec
ting
New
Orle
ans
from
futu
re fl
ood
disa
ster
s w
ill req
uire
str
onge
r, ar
mor
ed
leve
es, r
esto
red
coas
tal w
etla
nds,
and
effe
ctiv
e pu
mp
stat
ions
. Cre
atin
g a
safe
an
d re
vita
lized
New
Orle
ans
mea
ns a
lso
inco
rpor
atin
g co
ncep
ts o
f saf
ety,
risk
miti
gatio
n, a
nd fl
ood
prot
ectio
n re
dund
ancy
into
pub
lic in
fras
truc
ture
and
urb
an
and
econ
omic
red
evel
opm
ent pl
ans.
This
is a
lso
bein
g do
ne in
the
Net
herla
nds,
whe
re p
rovi
ncia
l and
loca
l gov
ernm
ents
an
d pr
ojec
t de
velo
pers
mus
t pr
ovid
e a
wat
er s
afet
y pl
an fo
r ev
ery
resi
dent
ial,
co
mm
erci
al, i
ndus
tria
l, an
d ag
ricul
tura
l dev
elop
men
t pr
ojec
t. L
ocal
wat
er
boar
ds, p
ublic
saf
ety
offic
ials
, city
pla
nner
s, la
ndsc
ape
arch
itect
s an
d pr
ojec
t de
velo
pers
col
labo
rate
to
ensu
re tha
t al
l new
dev
elop
men
t is
inte
grat
ed in
to,
and
does
not
sub
trac
t from
, cur
rent
floo
d pr
otec
tion
leve
ls.
In p
ract
ice,
this
mea
ns th
at in
frast
ruct
ure
addi
tions
—ro
ads,
rail,
brid
ges,
cul
vert
s,
sew
ers,
and
eve
n pu
blic
tran
sit s
tatio
ns—
shou
ld e
nhan
ce w
ater
div
ersi
on, s
tora
ge
and
abso
rptio
n ca
paci
ties
and
prov
ide
redu
ndan
cy t
o ex
istin
g flo
od p
rote
ctio
n st
ruct
ures
. Lan
dsca
pe a
rchi
tect
s ca
n de
sign
, and
eve
n re
desi
gn, a
dev
elop
-m
ent’s
“w
ater
foot
prin
t,” m
itiga
ting
its im
pact
on
loca
l floo
d pr
otec
tion
whi
le
enha
ncin
g ae
sthe
tic a
nd e
cono
mic
val
ues.
Civ
il ar
chite
cts
and
deve
lope
rs
can
crea
te s
afe
resi
dent
ial c
omm
uniti
es w
here
acc
ess
to w
ater
is a
key
sel
ling
poin
t. Saf
ety,
recr
eatio
n, m
ixed
land
use
and
env
ironm
enta
l goa
ls c
an b
e m
utua
lly
rein
forc
ing
whe
n on
e ad
opts
a L
ive-
with
-the-
Wat
er a
ppro
ach.
The
Amer
ican
Pla
nnin
g As
soci
atio
n, t
he N
ew O
rlean
s C
ity C
ounc
il, a
nd t
he N
ew
Orle
ans
Red
evel
opm
ent
Auth
ority
hav
e tu
rned
to
Dut
ch la
ndsc
ape
arch
itect
s,
civi
l eng
inee
rs, t
he N
ethe
rland
s In
stitu
te fo
r H
ousi
ng a
nd S
patia
l Pla
nnin
g, a
nd
Dut
ch g
over
nmen
t of
ficia
ls fo
r ad
vice
and
ass
ista
nce
on p
ost-K
atrin
a re
build
ing
and
rede
velo
pmen
t.
STO
RM
SU
RG
E B
AR
RIE
RS
Purs
uant
to
a re
ques
t fr
om t
he U
S A
rmy
Cor
ps o
f Eng
inee
rs in
New
Orle
ans,
W
L D
elft
Hyd
raul
ics—
a le
adin
g te
chni
cal r
esea
rch
and
cons
ultin
g in
stitu
te
base
d in
the
Net
herla
nds—
and
Arca
dis—
a la
rge
Dut
ch-A
mer
ican
eng
inee
ring
firm
—pr
ovid
ed a
con
cept
ual d
esig
n st
udy
expl
aini
ng h
ow t
wo
mov
eabl
e st
orm
su
rge
barr
iers
in N
ew O
rlean
s’ In
ner
Nav
igat
ion
Can
al a
nd t
he G
ulf I
ntra
coas
tal
Wat
erw
ay c
ould
be
used
to
subs
tant
ially
dec
reas
e st
orm
sur
ge a
nd w
ave
leve
ls
in a
nd a
roun
d N
ew O
rlean
s.
26
27
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
EMER
GEN
CY
PLA
NN
ING
A
ND
DIS
AST
ER R
ESP
ON
SE
Are
Kat
rina
’s L
esso
ns a
nd t
he U
nite
d S
tate
s’
Expe
rien
ces
Rel
evan
t to
Eur
ope?
Hur
rican
e K
atrin
a w
as t
he U
nite
d S
tate
s’ w
orst
nat
ural
dis
aste
r. It
over
whe
lmed
pr
otec
tive
infra
stru
ctur
e an
d ex
pose
d w
eakn
esse
s in
exi
stin
g em
erge
ncy
resp
onse
an
d di
sast
er p
repa
redn
ess
proc
edur
es. M
any
peop
le in
the
Net
herla
nds
have
as
ked
how
Dut
ch p
repa
redn
ess
mea
sure
s w
ould
per
form
dur
ing
and
afte
r a
stor
m li
ke K
atrin
a. A
fter c
onsi
derin
g th
is q
uest
ion
and
obse
rvin
g Kat
rina’
s im
pact
, th
e N
ethe
rland
s’ o
verw
helm
ing
focu
s on
dis
aste
r pr
even
tion
has
evol
ved
to a
lso
incl
ude
mor
e ro
bust
dis
aste
r res
pons
e, e
vacu
atio
n an
d co
mm
unic
atio
ns te
chni
ques
to
miti
gate
the
har
mfu
l con
sequ
ence
s of
a d
isas
ter.
In s
hort
, Kat
rina
conv
ince
d th
e D
utch
tha
t pl
anni
ng p
rimar
ily to
prev
ent a
disa
ster
was
no
long
er s
uffic
ient
, an
d th
at p
lann
ing
for th
e af
term
ath
of a
dis
aste
r w
ould
als
o be
req
uire
d. K
atrin
a ha
s ha
d a
sim
ilar
effe
ct o
n em
erge
ncy
plan
ning
in o
ther
Eur
opea
n ca
pita
ls.
As p
art
of it
s co
oper
ativ
e ef
fort
s w
ith t
he U
nite
d S
tate
s, D
utch
gov
ernm
ent
offic
ials
and
dis
aste
r re
spon
se e
xper
ts h
ave
aske
d th
eir
peer
s in
Lou
isia
na,
Cal
iforn
ia, a
nd W
ashi
ngto
n, D
C, t
he fo
llow
ing
ques
tions
:
1. W
hat
less
ons
mig
ht E
urop
eans
ext
ract
from
the
act
ual e
xper
ienc
e th
e U
nite
d St
ates
has
in p
lann
ing,
pre
parin
g, r
espo
ndin
g, a
nd r
ecov
erin
g fr
om t
hese
kin
ds
of s
uper
-sto
rms?
2.
Doe
s Eu
rope
an r
emot
e se
nsin
g, e
arth
obs
erva
tion
, ear
ly w
arni
ng, a
nd p
ublic
br
oadc
asti
ng t
echn
olog
y ho
ld a
ny b
enefi
ts fo
r th
e U
nite
d St
ates
and
the
in
tern
atio
nal c
omm
unit
y-at
-larg
e?
3. W
hat
is t
he c
urre
nt s
tate
of,
and
wha
t a
re t
he fu
ture
per
spec
tive
s on
, tra
nsat
lan-
tic
coop
erat
ion
in c
risis
man
agem
ent?
4.
Wou
ld p
erha
ps a
‘mer
ger’
of U
.S. a
nd E
urop
ean
know
ledg
e an
d ex
perie
nce
in
cris
is m
anag
emen
t be
ben
efici
al t
o ot
her
low
-lyin
g pa
rts
of t
he w
orld
?
Join
t co
oper
atio
n an
d th
e sh
arin
g of
bes
t pr
actic
es in
thi
s ar
ea w
ill p
ay h
uge
divi
dend
s. S
ome
proj
ects
und
erw
ay in
clud
e:
The
Inte
rnat
iona
l Kat
rina
Boo
k (I
KB
) pr
ojec
t se
eks
to m
obili
ze fo
cuse
d fe
edba
ck
from
diff
eren
t co
untr
ies,
pro
fess
ions
, dis
cipl
ines
, and
the
priv
ate
and
publ
ic
sect
ors
on a
con
cret
e “w
ar g
ame”
typ
e sc
enar
io. T
he r
esul
ts w
ill b
e pu
blis
hed
in a
non
-tech
nica
l boo
k en
title
d ¨S
torm
ove
r Eu
rope
—K
atrin
a in
the
Net
herla
nds¨
. Fo
r m
ore
info
rmat
ion
on t
his
proj
ect,
see
ww
w.s
torm
over
euro
pe.o
rg.
28
29
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
A D
utch
-Am
eric
an-In
tern
atio
nal C
entr
e fo
r Wat
er a
nd E
mer
genc
y M
anag
emen
t (D
AIC
-WEM
) w
ill s
tart
ope
ratio
ns in
ear
ly 2
008. I
t is
a c
lear
ingh
ouse
for
both
ex
istin
g an
d ne
w r
esea
rch,
kno
wle
dge,
and
exp
erie
nce
betw
een
U.S
. ent
ities
(D
isas
ter
Res
earc
h C
ente
r at
the
Uni
vers
ity o
f Del
awar
e; N
atur
al H
azar
d C
ente
r at
the
Uni
vers
ity o
f Col
orad
o at
Bou
lder
; Ins
titut
e fo
r C
risis
, Dis
aste
r, an
d R
isk
Man
agem
ent
at t
he G
eorg
e W
ashi
ngto
n U
nive
rsity
), D
utch
ent
ities
(N
ethe
rland
s M
inis
try
of T
rans
port
, Pub
lic W
orks
, Tra
nspo
rtat
ion
and
Wat
er
Man
agem
ent;
CO
T In
stitu
te fo
r S
afet
y, S
ecur
ity a
nd C
risis
Man
agem
ent)
, an
d ot
her
inte
rnat
iona
l par
tner
s.
This
info
rmat
ion
is c
ourt
esy
of E
elco
H. D
ijkst
ra o
f th
e In
tern
atio
nal E
mer
genc
y
Man
agem
ent
Init
iati
ve a
t th
e In
stit
ute
for
Cri
sis,
Dis
aste
r an
d R
isk
Man
agem
ent
(IC
DR
M)
at T
he G
eorg
e W
ashi
ngto
n U
nive
rsit
y, w
ww
.gw
u.ed
u/~
icdr
m.
Rob
ust
pum
p st
atio
ns
and
dike
s, s
ound
wat
er
man
agem
ent an
dte
sted
em
erge
ncy
resp
onse
tec
hniq
ues
ar
e cr
ucia
l to
prot
ectin
g
the
Net
herla
nds.
30
31
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
CA
LIFO
RN
IA
Whi
skey
is f
or D
rink
ing,
W
ater
is f
or F
ight
ing
Ove
r
The
2004 A
ceh
Tsun
ami a
nd H
urric
anes
Kat
rina
and
Rita
eig
ht m
onth
s la
ter
caus
ed s
o m
uch
dest
ruct
ion
and
disl
ocat
ion
that
pol
icym
aker
s in
the
Net
herla
nds,
as
wel
l as
in o
ther
par
ts o
f the
wor
ld, w
ere
forc
ed t
o re
thin
k an
d co
nfro
nt t
heir
own
wat
er v
ulne
rabi
litie
s. T
he d
isas
ters
alo
ng the
US
Gul
f Coa
st a
lso
stim
ulat
ed
Cal
iforn
ia o
ffici
als
to re
new
thei
r floo
d co
ntro
l effo
rts
in C
alifo
rnia
’s C
entral
Val
ley.
Two
mai
n riv
ers,
the
Sac
ram
ento
and
San
Joa
quin
rive
rs, a
nd th
eir m
any
trib
utar
ies
drai
n th
e C
entr
al V
alle
y of
Cal
iforn
ia. T
hese
riv
ers
conv
erge
in t
he C
alifo
rnia
Bay
D
elta
bef
ore
flow
ing
out
to s
ea v
ia S
an F
ranc
isco
Bay
. The
Cal
iforn
ia B
ay D
elta
is
a c
ruci
al h
ub fo
r th
e C
alifo
rnia
n ec
onom
y an
d th
e C
entr
al V
alle
y ec
osys
tem
. It
is a
pris
tine
natu
ral a
rea
rich
in a
quat
ic a
nd o
ther
wild
life.
It is
als
o an
impo
rtan
t ag
ricul
ture
are
a, a
key
tran
sit p
oint
for e
nerg
y, pe
ople
, and
goo
ds, a
nd is
bec
omin
g he
avily
urb
aniz
ed a
t its
mar
gins
. The
Del
ta a
lso
prov
ides
drin
king
wat
er fo
r ar
id
cent
ral a
nd s
outh
ern
Cal
iforn
ia. B
ut t
he D
elta
is b
elow
sea
leve
l and
sits
ato
p ac
tive
seis
mic
faul
ts, m
akin
g it
high
ly v
ulne
rabl
e to
nat
ural
dis
aste
rs.
The
leve
es p
rote
ctin
g B
ay D
elta
“is
land
s”—
pock
ets
of la
nd s
urro
unde
d by
leve
es
—ar
e po
orly
des
igne
d an
d co
nstr
ucte
d. A
maj
or le
vee
failu
re in
the
Del
ta, t
rigge
red
by e
xces
s w
ater
inflo
ws
or b
y an
ear
thqu
ake,
wou
ld c
ause
mas
sive
hum
an,
envi
ronm
enta
l and
eco
nom
ic d
amag
e. S
alt w
ater
from
the
San
Fra
ncis
co B
ay
wou
ld in
trud
e de
eply
into
the
low
-lyin
g D
elta
, har
min
g ag
ricul
ture
, aqu
atic
spe
cies
, na
viga
tion
and
com
mer
ce, a
nd fo
rcin
g th
e w
ater
pum
ps s
uppl
ying
sou
ther
n C
alifo
rnia
to
shut
dow
n.
Ups
trea
m fr
om t
he D
elta
, the
Sac
ram
ento
Riv
er a
nd it
s tr
ibut
arie
s ca
n tu
rn
from
dec
eptiv
ely
plac
id ri
vers
into
ragi
ng to
rren
ts o
f wat
er. D
urin
g th
e m
id-1
800s
, th
e riv
ers
wer
e ch
anne
led
to fa
cilit
ate
com
mer
ce a
nd h
ydra
ulic
(gol
d) m
inin
g
in t
he S
ierr
as. A
fter
win
ter
stor
ms
in t
he S
ierr
as, w
ater
vol
umes
cou
rsin
g do
wns
trea
m c
an g
row
by
a fa
ctor
of 2
0. W
eak
and
dam
aged
leve
es, i
ncre
asin
g ur
bani
zatio
n, a
nd g
row
ing
wat
er fl
ow v
olat
ility
dem
and
new
pol
icie
s, p
ract
ices
, an
d in
vest
men
ts. A
ckno
wle
dgin
g th
ese
fact
s, a
nd a
ccep
ting
that
clim
ate
chan
ge
will
like
ly e
xace
rbat
e pr
oble
ms
alon
g th
e riv
ers
and
in t
he B
ay D
elta
, Gov
erno
r S
chw
arze
negg
er, t
he C
alifo
rnia
Ass
embl
y, an
d C
alifo
rnia
vot
ers
have
set
asi
de
billi
ons
of d
olla
rs t
o en
sure
the
long
-term
hea
lth a
nd v
iabi
lity
of t
he C
entr
al
Valle
y’s u
niqu
e w
ater
sys
tem
.
Low
-lyin
g de
ltas
are
rich,
di
vers
e, p
rodu
ctiv
e bu
t
also
vul
nera
ble
ecos
yste
ms.
32
33
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
DEL
TA V
ISIO
N A
ND
DEL
TA P
LAN
II
The
Dut
ch D
elta
and
the
Cal
iforn
ia B
ay D
elta
are
qui
te a
like,
min
us t
he s
eism
ic
even
ts. M
oder
n D
utch
floo
d co
ntro
l pol
icy
date
s ba
ck t
o Th
e D
elta
Act
of 1
958,
whi
ch w
as a
res
pons
e to
the
dev
asta
ting
flood
s of
1953 in
whi
ch 1
800 p
eopl
e di
ed a
nd 5
0,0
00 h
omes
wer
e de
stro
yed.
The
inte
grat
ed fl
ood
cont
rol p
olic
y se
t fo
rth
in t
he A
ct c
ontin
ues
to p
rote
ct t
he N
ethe
rland
s to
day,
but
clim
ate
chan
ge,
sust
aina
bilit
y, ad
apta
tion,
and
Hur
rican
e K
atrin
a’s
rem
inde
r of
the
nec
essi
ty o
f et
erna
l vig
ilanc
e ar
e m
otiv
atin
g D
utch
pol
icy-
mak
ers
to d
evel
op a
Del
ta A
ct II
. Th
e ne
w A
ct, a
ssem
bled
by
a pa
nel o
f exp
erts
and
the
n tr
ansl
ated
into
a s
erie
s of
pol
icy
actio
ns, w
ill g
uide
Dut
ch w
ater
man
agem
ent
polic
y in
the
21st
Cen
tury
.
Cal
iforn
ia is
pur
suin
g a
sim
ilar
stra
tegy
for
sim
ilar
reas
ons.
The
Cal
iforn
ia
Bay
Del
ta a
nd t
he C
entr
al V
alle
y ar
e ke
y en
viro
nmen
tal a
nd e
cono
mic
ass
ets
conf
ront
ed b
y hu
ge c
limat
e ch
ange
and
floo
d th
reat
s. C
alifo
rnia
’s D
elta
Vis
ion
proj
ect
will
gui
de B
ay D
elta
mul
tiple
-use
and
sus
tain
abili
ty p
olic
y fo
r th
e ne
xt
50 y
ears
. Pol
icy
exch
ange
s, w
orks
hops
, eng
inee
ring
inte
ract
ion,
and
pol
itica
l ou
trea
ch a
re n
ow u
nder
way
to
inco
rpor
ate
Cal
iforn
ia’s
exp
ertis
e in
to t
he D
utch
D
elta
Act
II p
roce
ss a
nd D
utch
exp
ertis
e in
to C
alifo
rnia
’s D
elta
Vis
ion
proc
ess.
‘RO
OM
FO
R T
HE
RIV
ER’
Thro
ugho
ut t
he c
entu
ries,
bot
h in
Cal
iforn
ia a
nd in
the
Net
herla
nds,
riv
er a
nd
flood
pla
ins
have
bec
ome
mor
e co
nstr
icte
d. T
he r
iver
s—w
heth
er t
he F
eath
er,
Bea
r, Yu
ba, A
mer
ican
or
Sac
ram
ento
riv
ers
in C
alifo
rnia
or
the
Rhi
ne, M
aas,
or
Waa
l riv
ers
in t
he N
ethe
rland
s—ar
e ch
anne
led
betw
een
high
leve
es, w
hile
land
be
hind
tho
se le
vees
is b
ecom
ing
mor
e ur
bani
zed,
or
subs
idin
g, o
r bo
th. F
lood
ev
ents
und
er t
hese
con
ditio
ns w
ould
exa
ct a
hug
e ec
onom
ic a
nd h
uman
cos
t.
To c
reat
e m
ore
capa
city
for
the
river
s to
abs
orb
and
safe
ly d
isch
arge
exc
ess
w
ater
, the
new
Dut
ch S
patia
l Pla
nnin
g po
licy
entit
led
‘Roo
m fo
r th
e R
iver
’ was
re
cent
ly a
dopt
ed. I
ts m
ain
obje
ctiv
es a
re e
nhan
ced
flood
pro
tect
ion
by 2
015
an
d im
prov
ed o
vera
ll en
viro
nmen
tal q
ualit
y in
the
riv
er b
asin
. ‘R
oom
for
the
Riv
er’ w
ill w
iden
and
dee
pen
the
flood
pla
in in
man
y ar
eas,
cre
atin
g ad
ditio
nal
spac
e fo
r w
ater
“st
orag
e” d
urin
g pe
riods
of h
igh
wat
er le
vels
, and
faci
litat
e qu
icke
r w
ater
dis
char
ge b
y re
mov
ing
man
-mad
e an
d na
tura
l obs
tacl
es fr
om
the
flood
pla
in. C
alifo
rnia
fede
ral,
stat
e, a
nd lo
cal o
ffici
als
will
eva
luat
e ‘R
oom
fo
r th
e R
iver
’ pro
ject
s an
d de
term
ine
whe
re a
nd h
ow t
hey
may
be
rele
vant
for
en
hanc
emen
ts to
the
maj
or S
acra
men
to R
iver
(Yol
o an
d Sut
ter)
bypa
ss s
yste
ms.
Wat
er is
the
cru
cial
fe
atur
e in
Cal
iforn
ia’s
va
ried
land
scap
e.
34
35
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
“ PR
EPAR
ING
FO
R ‘W
HAT
IF’
SCEN
AR
IOS
A
RE
CR
UC
IAL
TO O
UR
N
ATIO
NA
L
SUR
VIVA
L”
36
37
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
DEL
TA M
AN
AG
EMEN
T C
HA
LLEN
GES
in
Cal
iforn
ia, L
ouis
iana
, an
d th
e N
ethe
rlan
ds
Imm
ense
cha
lleng
es t
o en
sure
saf
e, c
lean
and
sus
tain
able
use
of t
he s
oil,
su
bsoi
ls, a
nd w
ater
in d
elta
s co
nfro
nt g
over
nmen
ts in
Cal
iforn
ia, L
ouis
iana
, an
d th
e N
ethe
rland
s. S
ocie
tal,
econ
omic
, and
infr
astr
uctu
re d
evel
opm
ent
in
the
delta
s co
mpe
te w
ith t
he s
usta
inab
le m
anag
emen
t an
d ex
ploi
tatio
n of
a
high
ly c
ompl
ex s
ubsu
rfac
e an
d its
nat
ural
res
ourc
es, i
nclu
ding
hyd
roca
rbon
s an
d gr
ound
wat
er. U
rban
dev
elop
men
t in
del
tas
ofte
n in
crea
ses
the
risk
of la
nd
subs
iden
ce a
nd fl
oodi
ng. I
ndus
tria
l and
agr
icul
tura
l act
iviti
es m
ay a
ffect
the
su
btle
, nat
ural
bal
ance
in th
e de
lta s
ubsu
rface
, cre
atin
g en
viro
nmen
tal p
robl
ems
an
d pu
ttin
g bo
th p
eopl
e an
d pr
oper
ty a
t in
crea
sing
and
, in
the
long
ter
m,
unac
cept
able
ris
k.
To r
educ
e th
ese
prob
lem
s in
the
Geo
-reso
urce
s ar
ea, t
he D
utch
and
Am
eric
ans
can
coop
erat
e on
res
ourc
e ex
plor
atio
n, s
usta
inab
le p
rodu
ctio
n te
chno
logi
es,
envi
ronm
enta
l pro
tect
ion,
geo
-sta
tistic
al r
esou
rce
anal
ysis
, and
vis
ualiz
atio
n of
the
sub
surf
ace
to e
nsur
e an
inte
grat
ed a
ppro
ach
to la
nd-u
se p
lann
ing
and
deve
lopm
ent.
In t
he G
eo-h
azar
ds a
rea,
sub
side
nce
caus
ed b
y hy
droc
arbo
n or
gro
undw
ater
ex
trac
tion
may
trig
ger
sea
and/
or r
iver
floo
ding
, int
rusi
on o
f sal
ine
grou
ndw
a-te
r, an
d fo
unda
tion
failu
res.
Oth
er g
eo-h
azar
ds in
clud
e la
ndsl
ides
and
coa
stal
er
osio
n, b
oth
likel
y to
be
aggr
avat
ed b
y cl
imat
e ch
ange
. Map
ping
tec
toni
c st
ruct
ures
and
def
orm
atio
ns a
nd m
odel
ing
subs
urfa
ce b
ehav
ior
is n
eces
sary
to
prop
erly
est
imat
e co
nstr
uctio
n ris
ks. T
he D
utch
are
lead
ers
in la
nd s
ubsi
denc
e pr
edic
tion,
com
plex
gro
undw
ater
mod
elin
g an
d ris
k as
sess
men
t, an
d pr
edic
ting
the
stab
ility
of s
ub-u
rban
soi
ls.
In t
he G
eo-e
nviro
nmen
t ar
ea, g
roun
dwat
er p
ollu
tion
and
soil
cont
amin
atio
n ar
e
com
mon
feat
ures
in d
ense
ly p
opul
ated
and
indu
stria
lized
are
as, l
ike
the
Cal
iforn
ia,
Loui
sian
a, a
nd D
utch
del
tas.
The
Dut
ch h
ave
deve
lope
d in
nova
tive
(in s
itu)
soil
rem
edia
tion
tech
nolo
gies
and
hyd
raul
ic e
ngin
eerin
g pr
oced
ures
tha
t ar
e im
plem
ente
d w
ith c
ost-e
ffect
ive
tech
niqu
es t
o m
onito
r an
d pr
edic
t im
pact
s
and
outc
omes
.
38
39
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
FLO
RID
AIN
TEG
RAT
ED W
ATER
RES
OU
RC
ES M
AN
AG
EMEN
TFl
orid
a W
ater
Man
agem
ent
Dis
tric
ts, l
ike
thei
r D
utch
Wat
er B
oard
pee
rs, a
re
requ
ired
to e
ffici
ently
, and
sus
tain
ably,
man
age
com
petin
g w
ater
res
ourc
e ne
eds.
Flo
rida,
like
the
Net
herla
nds,
is b
ecom
ing
mor
e de
nsel
y po
pula
ted,
an
d ag
ricul
ture
rem
ains
a k
ey c
ompo
nent
of t
he e
cono
my.
Sto
rm w
ater
run
off,
poin
t an
d no
n-po
int
pollu
tion,
sal
twat
er in
trus
ion,
and
the
nat
ural
form
atio
n of
dan
gero
us c
hem
ical
s, h
owev
er, a
re t
hrea
teni
ng d
rinki
ng a
nd g
roun
d w
ater
su
pplie
s. B
oth
the
Net
herla
nds
and
Flor
ida
need
new
wat
er s
uppl
y an
d st
orag
e ca
paci
ty t
o m
eet
incr
ease
d de
man
d w
hile
mai
ntai
ning
cru
cial
floo
d pr
otec
tion
and
eco-
syst
em b
alan
ce. B
oth
mus
t the
refo
re d
evel
op c
uttin
g-ed
ge te
chno
logy
, ad
vanc
ed re
sear
ch, n
ew too
ls a
nd a
dapt
ive
appr
oach
es t
o sy
stem
-wid
e w
ater
re
sour
ces
man
agem
ent to
mee
t th
ese
futu
re d
eman
ds. M
oreo
ver,
sust
aina
bilit
y go
als
and
clim
ate
chan
ge e
ffect
s, s
uch
as e
xtre
me
wea
ther
var
iatio
ns, a
dd a
ne
w le
vel o
f com
plex
ity t
o ef
fect
ive
wat
er m
anag
emen
t. T
here
are
at
leas
t th
ree
area
s in
whi
ch D
utch
and
Flo
ridia
n ex
pert
ise
can
be c
ombi
ned
to y
ield
sub
stan
-tia
l ben
efits
.
THE
CEN
TRA
L A
ND
SO
UTH
FLO
RID
A F
LOO
D C
ON
TRO
L P
RO
JEC
TTh
e C
entr
al a
nd S
outh
Flo
rida
Floo
d C
ontr
ol P
roje
ct (C
SFF
CP)
is a
mas
sive
pl
umbi
ng o
pera
tion
desi
gned
to
prot
ect
Flor
idia
ns fr
om h
urric
ane
and
rain
fall-
driv
en fl
oodi
ng a
nd fr
om w
ater
sho
rtag
es d
urin
g pe
riods
of d
roug
ht. C
SFF
CP
enco
mpa
sses
1800 m
iles
of le
vees
, can
als,
and
floo
d co
ntro
l str
uctu
res
and
prov
ides
drin
king
wat
er, i
rrig
atio
n w
ater
, nav
igat
ion
chan
nels
, and
rec
reat
ion
oppo
rtun
ities
for
mill
ions
of F
lorid
ians
, as
wel
l as
cruc
ial w
ater
flow
s fo
r th
e Fl
orid
a Ev
ergl
ades
. Whi
le fl
ood
cont
rol i
s a
prim
ary
goal
of C
SFF
CP,
envi
ronm
enta
l re
stor
atio
n, w
ater
qua
lity,
and
ecos
yste
m b
alan
ce a
re a
lso
high
prio
ritie
s fo
r th
e pr
ojec
t. C
SFF
CP
stre
tche
s from
the
lake
s ar
ound
Wal
t D
isne
y W
orld
nea
r O
rland
o do
wn
to M
iam
i and
Flo
rida
Bay
and
from
Wes
t Pa
lm B
each
on
the
Atla
ntic
to
Fort
Mye
rs o
n th
e G
ulf o
f Mex
ico.
A
US
nat
iona
l tre
asur
e,
the
Flor
ida
Ever
glad
es
and
trad
ition
al w
ater
flow
s ar
e be
ing
rest
ored
for
both
env
ironm
enta
l and
w
ater
man
agem
ent go
als.
40
41
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
HER
BER
T H
OO
VER
DIK
EIn
the
Net
herla
nds,
the
Zui
derz
ee n
orth
of A
mst
erda
m w
as a
larg
e sa
ltwat
er
lake
res
pons
ible
for nu
mer
ous
flood
s th
roug
hout
Dut
ch h
isto
ry. I
n th
e ea
rly
1930s,
the
Zui
derz
ee w
as c
lose
d of
f fro
m the
Nor
th S
ea b
y a
20-m
ile lo
ng d
ike,
cr
eatin
g a
new
inla
nd fr
eshw
ater
lake
—th
e Ijs
selm
eer.
Toda
y, th
e Ijs
selm
eer
is
a 4
50 s
quar
e m
ile w
ater
sto
rage
, nat
ure
pres
erve
, and
rec
reat
ion
area
, su
rrou
nded
by
high
dik
es a
nd fl
ood
cont
rol s
truc
ture
s th
at h
ave
subs
tant
ially
re
duce
d flo
od ris
k in
and
aro
und
Amst
erda
m a
nd the
eas
tern
Net
herla
nds.
Th
e Ijs
selm
eer’s
cou
nter
part
in F
lorid
a is
Lak
e O
keec
hobe
e.
Lake
Oke
echo
bee
is t
he s
econ
d-la
rges
t la
ke in
the
Uni
ted
Sta
tes,
cov
erin
g 730
sq
uare
mile
s an
d pr
ovid
ing
wat
er s
tora
ge fo
r so
uth
Flor
ida.
Lak
e O
keec
hobe
e w
as the
sou
rce
of rep
eate
d an
d de
vast
atin
g flo
ods
betw
een
the
late
1880s
and
1940s.
To
cont
rol t
his
flood
ing,
con
stru
ctio
n be
gan
on the
20 fo
ot h
igh
Her
bert
H
oove
r D
ike
to e
nclo
se thi
s “B
ig L
ake”
in 1
948.
Lake
Oke
echo
bee
suffe
rs fr
om a
num
ber of
cha
lleng
es. I
ts in
flow
cap
acity
ex
ceed
s its
out
flow
cap
acity
. Hur
rican
e-dr
iven
win
ds c
ause
lake
wat
er t
o sl
osh
and
pile
-up
agai
nst th
e di
ke w
alls
, and
the
incr
easi
ngly
err
atic
sou
th F
lorid
a w
eath
er is
acc
eler
atin
g su
bsid
ence
aro
und
and
desi
ccat
ion
of t
he d
ike’
s al
read
y w
eak
surf
aces
. The
Her
bert
Hoo
ver D
ike
Res
tora
tion
Proj
ect
is a
20-y
ear,
$900
m
illio
n pr
ojec
t de
sign
ed to
stre
ngth
en the
dik
e’s
perfor
man
ce a
nd p
rovi
de
long
-term
sta
bilit
y. V
ario
us le
vee
cons
truc
tion,
str
engt
heni
ng, m
aint
enan
ce, a
nd
“bes
t pr
actic
es”
tech
niqu
es u
sed
in the
Net
herla
nds
are
rele
vant
to
the
dike
re
stor
atio
n pr
ojec
t. M
ore
coop
erat
ion
betw
een
Dut
ch e
xper
ts a
nd t
heir
Arm
y C
orps
of E
ngin
eers
and
Sou
th F
lorid
a W
ater
Man
agem
ent
Dis
tric
t pe
ers
will
lik
ely
prod
uce
incr
ease
d ef
ficie
ncy
and
cost
-ben
efit ga
ins
for
this
pro
ject
and
fu
rthe
r ce
men
t D
utch
-Am
eric
an fl
ood
prot
ectio
n co
oper
atio
n.
CO
MP
REH
ENS
IVE
EVER
GLA
DES
RES
TOR
ATIO
N P
RO
GR
AM
(C
ERP
)Th
e Ev
ergl
ades
is a
larg
e, 4
0-m
ile w
ide,
100-m
ile lo
ng w
et “
river
of g
rass
” in
so
uth
Flor
ida
that
beg
ins
at L
ake
Oke
echo
bee
and
flow
s in
to t
he G
ulf o
f Mex
ico
at F
lorid
a B
ay. A
s so
uth
Flor
ida
was
set
tled
in t
he la
te 1
880s,
larg
e po
rtio
ns o
f th
e Ev
ergl
ades
wer
e dr
aine
d an
d re
clai
med
for
agric
ultu
ral a
nd la
nd d
evel
op-
men
t. T
he C
SFF
CP
furt
her
degr
aded
the
Eve
rgla
des’
eco
syst
em b
y su
bsta
ntia
lly
alte
ring
the
flow
of w
ater
thr
ough
thi
s co
mpl
ex s
yste
m. T
oday
, onl
y 50 p
erce
nt
of t
he o
rigin
al E
verg
lade
s re
mai
ns p
rote
cted
by
the
Ever
glad
es N
atio
nal P
ark,
w
ildlif
e re
fuge
s, a
nd w
ater
con
serv
atio
ns a
reas
.
The
Com
preh
ensi
ve E
verg
lade
s R
esto
ratio
n Pr
ogra
m (C
ERP)
is a
35-y
ear,
$11 b
illio
n jo
int
fede
ral a
nd s
tate
und
erta
king
to
rest
ore
hist
oric
wat
er fl
ows
back
to
the
Ever
glad
es, r
evita
lize
nativ
e pl
ant,
aqua
tic, a
nd w
ildlif
e sp
ecie
s an
d
habi
tats
, and
rev
erse
dec
lines
in s
oil q
ualit
y/qu
antit
y an
d so
il ox
idat
ion.
CER
P ha
s id
entifi
ed 6
8 p
roje
cts,
eac
h fa
lling
with
in o
ne o
f the
six
follo
win
g ca
tego
ries:
a
quife
r st
orag
e an
d re
cove
ry s
urfa
ce w
ater
sto
rage
sto
rmw
ater
tre
atm
ent
see
page
man
agem
ent
she
etflo
w b
arrie
r re
mov
al, a
nd w
aste
wat
er r
euse
The
Flor
ida
Sta
te G
over
nmen
t ha
s ap
prov
ed fu
ndin
g fo
r a
num
ber
of s
tate
-su
ppor
ted
“Acc
eler
8”
proj
ects
tha
t w
ill ju
mp-
star
t C
ERP,
and
thes
e ar
e al
read
y pr
oduc
ing
stro
ng a
nd m
easu
rabl
e ea
rly b
enefi
ts. T
he N
ethe
rland
s vi
ews
CER
P as
an
inno
vativ
e, s
usta
inab
ility
-driv
en r
espo
nse
to e
cosy
stem
and
oth
er n
eeds
, de
ploy
ing
adap
tive
man
agem
ent
tech
niqu
es t
o ba
lanc
e co
mpl
ex a
nd c
ompe
ting
wat
er r
esou
rce
goal
s. D
utch
exp
erts
are
kee
n to
par
ticip
ate
in r
elev
ant
CER
P pr
ojec
ts, fi
rm in
the
belie
f tha
t the
kno
wle
dge
gain
ed fr
om s
uch
join
t coo
pera
tion
will
be
rele
vant
to fu
ture
eco
syst
em c
halle
nges
in th
e N
ethe
rland
s an
d el
sew
here
ac
ross
the
glo
be.
42
43
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
THE
NET
HER
LAN
DS
, C
limat
e C
hang
e, a
nd C
limat
e P
roofi
ng
Polic
ymak
ers
in t
he N
ethe
rland
s an
d el
sew
here
use
d to
bel
ieve
tha
t cl
imat
e ch
ange
cou
ld b
e pr
even
ted
or t
hat
it w
ould
occ
ur s
low
ly. C
oncr
ete
actio
ns a
nd
toug
h de
cisi
ons
wer
e of
ten
dela
yed
and
post
pone
d. R
ecen
t de
velo
pmen
ts
sugg
est
that
clim
ate
chan
ge is
occ
urin
g m
ore
rapi
dly,
brin
ging
with
it m
ore
va
riabl
e, o
ften
extrem
e w
eath
er c
ondi
tions
and
qui
te d
iver
gent
, loc
aliz
ed im
pact
s.
Bec
ause
ret
urns
on
inve
stm
ent
deci
sion
s m
ade
now
—in
infr
astr
uctu
re, i
n ur
ban,
hou
sing
and
com
mer
cial
dev
elop
men
t, in
spa
tial p
lann
ing—
will
be
part
ly
cont
inge
nt u
pon
futu
re c
limat
ic c
ondi
tions
, the
Net
herla
nds
has
adop
ted
a
num
ber
of p
olic
ies
to a
dapt
to
the
chan
ging
clim
ate
as w
ell a
s to
miti
gate
th
e ca
uses
the
reof
. Mor
eove
r, w
e ar
e st
artin
g to
app
ly r
obus
t, fo
rwar
d-lo
okin
g
cost
-ben
efit
anal
ysis
to
our
publ
ic, p
lann
ing
and
infr
astr
uctu
re in
vest
men
t
deci
sion
s an
d ar
e en
cour
agin
g in
tegr
ated
, sec
tor-w
ide
resp
onse
s.
As y
ou m
ight
imag
ine,
the
Net
herla
nds
is e
xtre
mel
y vu
lner
able
to c
limat
e ch
ange
im
pact
s, b
ut it
is n
ot a
lone
in it
s vu
lner
abili
ty. S
ome
of t
he p
redi
cted
effe
cts
of
clim
ate
chan
ge—
such
as
sea-
leve
l ris
e, p
eak
river
dis
char
ges,
mor
e ex
trem
e w
eath
er e
vent
s, a
nd d
roug
hts—
pres
ent
maj
or c
halle
nges
to
each
of t
he w
orld
’s
delta
reg
ions
, inc
ludi
ng t
he M
issi
ssip
pi R
iver
and
Cal
iforn
ia B
ay d
elta
s. A
nd
whi
le s
ome
of t
hese
effe
cts
are
clea
rly n
egat
ive,
it is
impo
rtan
t to
rem
embe
r th
at c
limat
e ch
ange
als
o cr
eate
s ne
w o
ppor
tuni
ties
for
appl
ied
rese
arch
, dev
el-
opm
ent,
inve
stm
ent
and
depl
oym
ent
of s
usta
inab
le t
echn
olog
ies,
pro
cess
es
and
polic
ies.
Bot
h th
e N
ethe
rland
s an
d th
e U
nite
d S
tate
s ha
ve m
uch
to g
ain
by e
ncou
ragi
ng
part
ners
hips
bet
wee
n th
eir
lead
ing
scie
ntis
ts, u
nive
rsiti
es, a
nd r
esea
rch
in
stitu
tes.
Dis
cuss
ions
are
und
erw
ay t
o fo
rm s
uch
part
ners
hips
bet
wee
n th
e U
nive
rsity
of C
alifo
rnia
, the
Uni
vers
ity o
f Lou
isia
na, L
ouis
iana
Sta
te U
nive
rsity
, th
e U
nive
rsity
of D
elaw
are,
and
the
Del
ft, W
agen
inge
n an
d Rot
terd
am u
nive
rsiti
es
in t
he N
ethe
rland
s. F
acili
tatin
g in
tera
ctio
n be
twee
n th
e U
.S. N
atio
nal A
cade
my
of S
cien
ces
and
the
Net
herla
nds
Inst
itute
for
Appl
ied
Res
earc
h is
like
wis
e
taki
ng s
hape
.
44
45
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
The
Net
herla
nds
gove
rnm
ent
has
deve
lope
d tw
o pr
ogra
ms
to s
timul
ate
coop
era-
tion
betw
een
land
-use
pla
nner
s, c
limat
e ch
ange
sci
entis
ts, p
olic
ymak
ers,
aca
dem
ia,
and
the
priv
ate
sect
or: t
he C
limat
e C
hang
es S
pati
al P
lann
ing
(CC
SP)
prog
ram
and
th
e N
atio
nal P
rogr
am fo
r th
e A
dapt
atio
n of
Spa
ce a
nd C
limat
e (A
RK
). U
nder
CC
SP
and
ARK
, clim
ate
chan
ge a
nd c
limat
e va
riabi
lity
are
desi
gnat
ed a
s fir
st p
rinci
ples
fo
r lan
d-us
e pl
anni
ng in
the
Net
herla
nds
and
else
whe
re. P
lann
ers,
dev
elop
ers
and
gove
rnm
ent
offic
ials
mus
t no
w in
corp
orat
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
impa
cts
into
the
ir pr
ojec
ts a
nd u
se a
dapt
ive
man
agem
ent
tech
niqu
es t
o en
sure
tha
t su
ch p
roje
cts
do n
ot je
opar
dize
saf
ety,
sust
aina
bilit
y or
eco
syst
em n
eeds
. Mor
eove
r, by
cre
atin
g
low
-em
issi
on h
ousi
ng, c
omm
erci
al rea
l est
ate
and
phys
ical
infr
astr
uctu
re,
enha
ncin
g la
nd-u
se p
lann
ing
with
res
pect
to
sour
ces
and
sink
s of
gre
enho
use
gase
s, a
nd in
crea
sing
the
ada
ptiv
e ca
paci
ty o
f agr
icul
ture
, nat
ural
res
ourc
es
and
wat
er w
ill a
ll in
crea
se th
e sa
fety
of o
ur p
eopl
es a
nd o
ur e
cono
mie
s.
The
Net
herla
nds
is a
lso
look
ing
to m
ake
its e
cono
mic
and
phy
sica
l inf
rast
ruct
ure
clim
ate
proo
f. Th
is is
don
e by
focu
sing
on
hots
pots
, whi
ch a
re a
reas
tha
t ar
e hi
ghly
vul
nera
ble
to t
he n
egat
ive
impa
cts
of c
limat
e ch
ange
—ar
eas
that
hav
e hi
gh h
uman
, soc
ial a
nd e
cono
mic
act
ivity
. By
wis
ely
plan
ning
for
and
inve
stin
g
in a
var
iety
of i
nfra
stru
ctur
e im
prov
emen
ts, a
n ar
ea’s
saf
ety
leve
l—fo
r ins
tanc
e in
re
gard
to fl
oodi
ng --
nee
d no
t be
jeop
ardi
zed
by c
limat
e ch
ange
. In
the
Net
herla
nds,
Am
ster
dam
, Rot
terd
am a
nd the
are
a ar
ound
Sch
ipho
l Airp
ort ha
ve b
een
deem
ed
to b
e ho
tspo
ts. T
here
are
num
erou
s ho
tspo
ts in
the
U.S
., in
clud
ing
the
sout
heas
t
coas
t of L
ouis
iana
, sou
th F
lorid
a, C
hica
go, N
ew Y
ork,
Sea
ttle
and
the
Puge
t Sou
nd,
and
the
Cal
iforn
ia B
ay D
elta
. By
part
nerin
g w
ith o
ffici
als
in t
hose
are
as, t
he
Dut
ch h
ope
to im
prov
e ev
eryo
ne’s
app
reci
atio
n fo
r th
e C
limat
e Pr
oofin
g co
ncep
t.
Dut
ch e
ngin
eerin
g:
win
d po
wer
for re
new
able
en
ergy
and
wat
er
man
agem
ent. F
loat
ing
hous
es a
re a
gro
win
g fe
atur
e of
Dut
ch u
rban
de
velo
pmen
t.
46
47
PIO
NEE
RIN
G W
ATER
ROYA
L N
ETH
ERLA
ND
S E
MB
ASS
Y
CO
NC
LUS
ION
Esse
ntia
l for
life
, im
port
ant
to t
he e
cono
my,
mag
nific
ent
in it
s be
auty
—w
e
cann
ot li
ve w
ithou
t w
ater
. But
as
we
live
with
it, w
e al
so m
ust
resp
ect
it.
Wat
er is
a p
reci
ous
reso
urce
, but
as
both
the
Net
herla
nds
and
the
Uni
ted
Sta
tes
know
, it
can
also
be
a de
adly
com
pani
on.
The
stru
ggle
with
wat
er h
as d
efine
d th
e hi
stor
y of
the
Net
herla
nds
and
mar
ked
the
hist
ory
of t
he U
nite
d S
tate
s. T
his
stru
ggle
con
tinue
s to
day
and
will
affe
ct
our
futu
res
as w
ell.
As t
he N
ethe
rland
s an
d th
e U
nite
d S
tate
s co
pe w
ith t
he
chal
leng
es a
nd t
hrea
ts t
hat
stem
from
geo
grap
hy a
nd t
opog
raph
y an
d fa
ce
the
new
glo
bal t
hrea
ts p
osed
by
clim
ate
chan
ge, w
e bo
th s
houl
d be
hea
rten
ed
that
we
no lo
nger
face
the
se t
hrea
ts a
lone
. As
we
shar
e in
form
atio
n ab
out
our
sepa
rate
exp
erie
nces
and
effe
ctiv
e po
licie
s, a
s w
e w
ork
toge
ther
to
crea
te a
nd
perf
ect
cutt
ing-
edge
tec
hnol
ogie
s an
d te
chni
ques
, we
are
findi
ng n
ew, m
ore
effe
ctiv
e w
ays
to m
anag
e w
ater
in o
ur c
ount
ries,
way
s th
at c
ould
pre
vent
futu
re
trag
edie
s, w
ays
that
cou
ld b
ette
r th
e liv
es o
f our
citi
zens
, way
s th
at c
ould
eve
n im
prov
e th
e he
alth
of t
he w
orld
.
48
CO
NTA
CT
INFO
RM
ATIO
N A
ND
WEB
SIT
ESFo
r m
ore
info
rmat
ion,
ple
ase
cont
act th
e R
oyal
Net
herla
nds
Emba
ssy
in
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
. Ass
ista
nce
can
be p
rovi
ded
by the
Tra
nspo
rt, P
ublic
Wor
ks,
and
Wat
er M
anag
emen
t Div
isio
ns t
el 2
02
27
4 2
73
6 em
ail w
as-v
ws@
min
buza
.nl
or the
Eco
nom
ic D
ivis
ion
tel 2
02
27
4 2
61
5 em
ail w
as-e
a@m
inbu
za.n
l.
A nu
mbe
r of
web
site
s pr
ovid
e m
ore
deta
iled
info
rmat
ion.
The
Roy
al N
ethe
rland
s Em
bass
y
Was
hing
ton,
DC
ww
w.n
ethe
rlan
ds-e
mba
ssy.
org
The
Net
herla
nds
Wat
er P
artn
ersh
ip
w
ww
.nw
p.nl
The
Net
herla
nds
Min
istr
y fo
r Tr
ansp
ort,
Pu
blic
Wor
ks a
nd W
ater
Man
agem
ent
ww
w.m
inve
nw.n
l
The
Net
herla
nds
Min
istr
y fo
r H
ousi
ng,
S
patia
l Pla
nnin
g an
d En
viro
nmen
tw
ww
.min
vrom
.nl
The
Net
herla
nds
Inst
itute
for S
patia
l
Plan
ning
and
Hou
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