Rules for Classification

8/13/2019 Rules for Classification

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Rules for Classification and Construction

VI Additional Rules and Guidelines

7 Guidelines for the Performance of Type Approvals

2 Test Requirements for Electrical / Electronic Equipment and Systems

Edition 2012


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The following Guidelines come into force on 1 September 2012.

Alterations to the preceding Edition are marked by beams at the text margin.

Germanischer Lloyd SE

Head OfficeBrooktorkai 18, 20457 Hamburg, Germany

Phone: +49 40 36149-0

Fax: +49 40 [email protected]

www.gl-group.com

"General Terms and Conditions" of the respective latest edition will be applicable(see Rules for Classification and Construction, I - Ship Technology, Part 0 - Classification and Surveys).

Reproduction by printing or photostatic means is only permissible with the consent ofGermanischer Lloyd SE.

Published by: Germanischer Lloyd SE, Hamburg


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Table of Contents

Section 1 General ConditionsA. Scope ............................................................... ............................................................. .............. 1- 1B. Reference to other Rules and Regulations ............................................................................. ..... 1- 1C. Definitions .............................................................. ............................................................... ..... 1- 1D. Documents for Submission ............................................................ ............................................. 1- 1

Section 2 Requirements to be met by the Products

A. General ............................................................ .............................................................. ............. 2- 1B. Environmental Categories .............................................................. ............................................ 2- 1

Section 3 Test Requirements

A. General ............................................................ .............................................................. ............. 3- 1B. Tests .......................................................... ............................................................ ..................... 3- 1

1. Visual inspection ........................................................................................................ ....... 3- 12. Performance test ....................................................................................................... ......... 3- 23. Power supply failure ..................................................... ..................................................... 3- 24. Power supply variations .................................................................................................... . 3- 25. Cold ........................................................... ............................................................ ............ 3- 36. Dry heat .......................................................... ............................................................... .... 3- 4

7. Damp heat ...................................................................... .................................................... 3- 48. Salt mist ...................................................................... ....................................................... 3- 59. Vibrations ....................................................... ............................................................... .... 3- 610. Inclinations .................................................................... .................................................... 3- 811. Flammability ................................................................. ..................................................... 3- 812. Pressure test ............................................................................. .......................................... 3- 913. Insulation resistance ................................................................... ........................................ 3- 1014. High voltage .................................................................................................... ................... 3- 1015. Electrostatic discharge ............ ...................................................................... ..................... 3- 1016. Electromagnetic fields ...................................................................... ................................. 3- 1217. Conducted fast transients (burst) ......................................................... ............................... 3- 1418. Conducted high frequency interference ........................................................ ..................... 3- 1419. Conducted slow transients (surge) ................................................................. .................... 3- 1620. Conducted low frequency interference (harmonics) .......................................................... 3- 1821. Conducted emissions ........................................................... .............................................. 3- 2022. Radiated emissions from enclosure port ....................................................... ..................... 3- 20

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Section 1

General Conditions

A. Scope

1. These Guidelines apply to electrical, electro-mechanical and electronic equipment, computers and

peripherals.

2. The scope of the tests required for a specific product will be determined on a case by case basis byGL depending on the product, its use and the envi-ronmental category to which it belongs.

3. GL reserve the right, in justifiable cases, torequest the performance of additional tests.

4. Electrical and electronic equipment on boardships, required neither by classification rules nor byinternational conventions, liable to cause electromag-netic disturbance shall be of a type which fulfils thetest requirements of Section 3, B.21 and B.22 .

B. Reference to other Rules and Regulations

1. These Guidelines are based on the IACS Uni-fied Requirements E10, "Testing Procedure for Elec-trical, Control and Instrumentation Equipment, Com-

puters and Peripherals covered by Classification".

2. In connection with these Guidelines also apply the GL Guidelines for Procedure (VI-7-1) as wellas the GL Rules for Electrical Installations (I-1-3) andAutomation (I-1-4) .

3. Navigation and radiocommunication equip-ment and systems will be tested and approved in ac-cordance with IEC publication 60945 "Maritime navi-gation and radiocommunication equipment and sys-tems, General requirements, Methods of testing andrequired test results".

The relevant test and performance standards for spe-cific equipment and systems like SOLAS 74 as am-mended, IMO instruments and IEC or ISO Publica-

tions are to be observed.

4. Other standards may be recognised, providedthat they are equivalent or higher graded.

C. Definitions

1. Electric/electronic equipment

Electric/electronic equipment are products such assystems, appliances or components which consist ofmechanical, electrical and electronic parts and combi-nations thereof.

2. Computer systems

Computer systems are equipment or systems such asPC, workstation or programmable controls which spe-cific functions are designated by application software.

3. Peripherals

Peripherals are devices such as monitors, keyboards,sensors or actuators which are necessary for processmonitoring and control.

4. Equipment subject to type approval

Equipment subject to type approval refers to all prod-ucts (systems, appliances and components) identifiedas such in the relevant Rules for Classification andConstruction.

5. Environmental categories

Classification of equipment on the basis of the expected environmental conditions, with regard to thenecessary test conditions (temperature, relative humid-ity, vibrations).

D. Documents for Submission

1. Documents shall be submitted in accordancewith the GL Guidelines for Procedure (VI-7-1), Sec-tion 3, B.

2. In addition, in the case of computers andcomputer systems, documents shall be submitted inaccordance with the GL Rules for Electrical Installa -tions (I-1-3), Section 10 .

3. The lists contained in the above Regulationsare by way of example. If necessary, further docu-ments may be required.

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Section 2

Requirements to be met by the Products

A. General

The requirements to be met by the products in termsof design, choice of materials, functions and opera-tional conditions are set out in the relevant Rules forClassification and Construction and associated Guide-lines.

B. Environmental Categories

The products will be allocated to the environmentalcategories A to H.

The assignment of the environmental categories to thetest conditions is specified in Section 3, Table 3.34 .

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Section 3

Test Requirements

A. General

1. Choice of equipment under test

In the case of series-manufactured products, theequipment under test (EUT) shall be taken from thecurrent production cycle. The choice of equipmentunder test shall be agreed with GL.

If the equipment under test is a prototype, GL reservethe right to carry out subsequent comparative tests onseries-manufactured products.

2. Test sequence

There is no pre-defined test sequence. Before the startof the tests, the manufacturer shall determine thesequence and notify GL accordingly.

All the tests required for the product shall be per-formed on one equipment under test. Any alternativearrangements are subject to consent.

3. Procedure of immunity tests to electro-magnetic environment

For these tests the EUT shall conform to its normaloperational configuration, mounting and earthingarrangements and shall operate under mentioned testconditions.

Particular interfaces of the EUT with the externalelectromagnetic environment are referred to as ports.The physical boundary of the EUT through whichelectromagnetic fields may radiate or impinge is theenclosure port.

Differential tests (line/line) are those applied between

electrical power, signal and control lines.Common mode tests (line/earth) are those applied

between groups of lines and a common reference,normally earth.

For the tests the results are evaluated against per-formance criteria relating to the operating conditionsand functional specifications of the EUT, and definedas follows:

performance criterion A:

The EUT shall continue to operate as intendedduring and after the test. No degradation of per-formance or loss of function is allowed, as de-fined in the relevant equipment standard and inthe technical specification published by themanufacturer.

Example of use:

Equipment subject to the Rules for Classification andConstruction except for the tests "Electrostatic Dis-charge, Conducted fast transients (burst) and Con-ducted slow transients (surge) ".

performance criterion B:

The EUT shall continue to operate as intendedafter the test. No degradation of performance orloss of function is allowed, as defined in the rele-vant equipment standard in the technical specifi-cation published by the manufacturer. During thetest, degradation or loss of function or perform-ance which is self-recoverable is, however, al-lowed, but no change of actual operating state orstored data is allowed.

Example of use:

Equipment not subject to the Rules for Classificationand Construction and the tests "Electrostatic Dis-charge, Conducted fast transients (burst) and con-ducted slow transients (surge)" for equipment subjectto the Rules.

performance criterion C:

Temporary degradation or loss of function or performance is allowed during the test, providedthe function is self-recoverable, or can be re-stored at the end of the test by the operation ofthe controls, as defined in the relevant equipmentstandard and in the technical specification pub-lished by the manufacturer:

Example of use:

Equipment not subject to the Rules for Classificationand Construction.

B. Tests

1. Visual inspection

The equipment under test is tested for conformity with:

GL Rules for Classification and Construction andAdditional Rules and Guidelines

the manufacturer's specifications

the design drawings

the specified standards

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1.1 Test procedure

Not specified

1.2 Test conditions

According to the environmental category

1.3 General instructions for test performance

The visual inspection is carried out before com-mencement of type approval and shall be repeated asnecessary after each stage of the test with a view todetecting visible damage to the equipment under test.

1.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the equip-ment under test meets the requirements of GL Rules

for Classification and Construction and Regulations,as well as the requirements of the specification andthe documentation and does not show evidence ofany visible damage.

2. Performance test

The functions (switching points, characteristiccurves, self-monitoring, etc.) are to be demonstrated.

2.1 Test procedure

Basis: Rules for Classification and Construction, product specification.

2.2 Test conditions

The tests are performed at the rated operational volt-age U e.

Table 3.1 External environmental conditions inthe test laboratory

Temperature + 15 C to + 35 C

Relative humidity 30 % to 90 %

Atmospheric pressure 860 hPa to 1060 hPa


The functions to be tested shall be performed in ac-cordance with the requirements of GL Rules for Clas-sification and Construction and Regulations and thecharacteristic features of the equipment under test.International testing standards for specific equipmente.g. measuring relays and protection equipment are to

be observed and may require additional testing.

2.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the speci-fied functions are demonstrated, the results fall withinthe specified tolerance limits and no damage to theequipment under test is detected.

3. Power supply failure

This test serves to demonstrate that on restoration ofthe power supply no damage is caused to the equip-ment under test and malfunctions occur.

3.1 Test procedure

Not specified

3.2 Test conditions

In the case of electrical components, the tests are per-formed at the rated operational voltage U e and, in thecase of hydraulic/pneumatic components, at the ratedcontrol pressure.

3 interruptions within a 5-minute period

30 s pause between switching off and switching back on.


None

3.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the specifiedfunctions are demonstrated, the results fall within thespecified tolerance limits and no damage to the equip-ment under test is detected.

4. Power supply variations

This test serves to demonstrate that in the event of power supply variations no damage is caused to theequipment under test and no permanent or temporarymalfunctions occur.

4.1 Procedure

Not specified

4.2 Test conditions

In the case of electrical components, the basis for thetests is the rated operational voltage U e and, in the caseof hydraulic/pneumatic components, the rated control

pressure, in accordance with the equipment specifica-tion.

Voltage- and frequency deviations refer to the systemnominal voltage and frequency. The range of the sys-tem nominal voltage and frequency within the testconditions are fulfilled shall be specified.

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Table 3.2 Electrical supply(alternating current)

Voltage deviation(permanent)

Frequency deviation(permanent)

+ 6 % + 5 %

+ 6 % 5 %

10 % 5 %

10 % + 5 %

Voltage deviation(short-term, 1,5 s)

Frequency deviation(short-term, 5 s)

+ 20 % + 10 %

20 % 10 %

Table 3.3 Electrical supply(rectified alternating current)

Voltage deviation (permanent) 10 %

Table 3.4 Electrical battery supply for equip-ment connected to the battery duringcharging

Voltage deviation+ 30 %

25 %

Table 3.5 Electrical battery supply for equip-ment not connected to the batteryduring charging

Voltage deviation

+ 20 %

25 %

Table 3.6 Pneumatic/hydraulic power supply

Control pressure deviation

+ 20 %

20 %

Test duration: 15 minutes per test


If the test duration is not specified, the test shall be performed until such time as a stationary condition isachieved.

4.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the specifiedfunctions are demonstrated, the results fall within thespecified tolerance limits and no damage to the equip-

ment under test is detected.

5. Cold

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influenceof cold no damage is caused to the equipment undertest and no permanent or temporary malfunctions oc-cur.

5.1 Test procedure

Basis: IEC publication 60068-2-1

Test A): for products inside the ship

Test B): for products on the open deck or incold areas.

5.2 Test conditions

The functional tests are performed at the rated opera-tional voltage U e.

Table 3.7 A) Products installed inside the ship

Test chamber conditions (Fig. 3.1)

Temperature 5 C 3 C

Test duration 2 h

Table 3.8 B) Products installed on the open deckor in cold areas


Temperature 25 C 3 C

Test duration 2 h


Before commencing the test an insulation resistancemeasurement shall be taken in accordance with test

No. 13.

The equipment under test is placed in the test chamberat room temperature and remains connected, but notswitched on, during the cooling phase and throughoutthe test. During the final 60 minutes of the test func-tional tests shall be performed at test temperature.

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Once the test is complete and the equipment undertest has reached room temperature once again, a fur-ther functional test shall be performed, as well as, asa retest, the insulation resistance measurement inaccordance with test No. 13.

Fig. 3.1 Cold test cycle

5.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the speci-fied functions are demonstrated, the values of theinsulation resistance measurement fall within thespecified tolerance limits and no damage to theequipment under test is detected.

6. Dry heat

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of dry heat no damage is caused to the equip-ment under test and no permanent or temporary mal-function occur.

6.1 Test procedure


Test A): products without increased heat stress

Test B): products with increased heat stress oron the open deck.

6.2 Test conditions


Note

Equipment to be mounted in consoles or switchboards together with other equipment shall betested in accordance with test B).

Table 3.9 A) Products installed in areas with-out increased heat stress



Relative humidity at test temperature 50 %

Test duration 16 h

Table 3.10 B) Products installed in areas withincreased heat stress or on theopen deck



Relative humidity at test temperature 50 %

Test duration after the EUT hasreached the test temperature 16 h


The equipment under test is placed in the test chamberat room temperature and remains connected andswitched on throughout the test.

During the final 60 minutes of the test functional tests

shall be performedOnce the equipment under test has reached room tem-

perature once again a further functional test shall be performed.

Fig. 3.2 Dry heat test cycle

6.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the specifiedfunctions are demonstrated, the results fall within thespecified tolerance limits and no damage to the equip-ment under test is detected.

7. Damp heat

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influenceof damp heat no damage is caused to the equipmentunder test and no permanent or temporary malfunctions

occur.7.1 Test procedure


Test Db

7.2 Test conditions


Table 3.11 Test chamber conditions (Fig. 3.3)


Relative humidity 95 % 1 Test duration 2 test cycles 2 (12 + 12 h)1 For tolerances see Fig. 3.3

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No. 13.

The equipment under test is placed in the test chamber at room temperature. The test should start beforethe first cycle with a stabilizing period with 25 C 3 C and at least 95 % humidity for maximum1 hour remains connected and switched on through-out the first test cycle. During the second test cyclethe equipment under test is switched off except forthe functional tests.

Functional tests shall be performed at test tempera-ture within the first 2 hours of the first and the last

2 hours of the second test cycle.

Once the equipment under test has reached room temperature once again a further functional test shall be performed, as well as, as a retest, the insulation resis-tance measurement in accordance with test No. 13.

7.4 Test resultThe test is deemed to have been passed if the specifiedfunctions are demonstrated, the results fall within thespecified tolerance limits and no damage to the equip-ment under test is detected.

8. Salt mist

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influenceof a saline atmosphere no damage (corrosion) is causedto the components of the equipment under test and nofunctional affections occur. This test is only performedon products which are to be installed on the open deck

area.

Fig. 3.3 Damp heat test cycle

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8.1 Test procedure


Test Kb

8.2 Test conditionsThe functional tests are performed at the rated opera-tional voltage U e.

Table 3.12 Basic requirements

Severity level 1

Number of sprayings 4

Storage period in dampchamber

7 days, after each spraying

Table 3.13 Spray chamber conditions

Spray duration 2 hours

Temperature + 25 C 10 C

Saline solution

5 % sodium chloride(NACl);

pH value 6,5 % to 7,2 % at20 C 2 C

Table 3.14 Damp chamber conditions (storage)


Relative humidity 93 % + 2 % / 3 %



No. 13 and a functional test shall be performed.

During the test the equipment under test is connected

but is not switched on. The test consists of 4 sprayingsand 7 days' storage period functional tests shall be

performed.

On the 7th day of each storage period functional testsshall be performed.

On completion of the test a functional test is per-formed and an insulation resistance measurementtaken in accordance with test No. 13 and the conditionof the equipment under test is evaluated (visual in-spection).

8.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the equip-ment under test exhibits no visible corrosion, thespecified functions are demonstrated and the values of

the insulation resistance measurement fall within thespecified tolerance limits.

9. Vibrations

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of external initiated vibrations no damage iscaused to the equipment under test and no permanentor temporary malfunctions occur.

9.1 Test procedure


Test Fc

9.2 Test conditions


Equipment under test with a mass of 100 kg forcharacteristic curve 1 or 10 kg for characteristiccurves 2a/b can be tested with reduced accelerationvalues, but the acceleration values may not be smallerthan 0,35 g for characteristic curve 1 and 0,7 g forcharacteristic curve 2. The requirements shall beagreed with GL.

Table 3.15 General vibration strain(characteristic curve 1)

Vibration strain (Fig. 3.4)

Displacement Acceleration

2 (+ 3 / 0) Hz up to 13,2Hz 1,0 mm

13,2 Hz up to 100 Hz 0,7 g

Sweep rate max. 1 oktave / minute

The characteristic curve 1 applies to equipment andcomponents which, in view of their mounting position,do not have to meet stringent requirements.

Table 3.16 High vibration strain(characteristic curve 2a)



2 (+ 3 / 0) Hz up to 25 Hz 1,6 mm

25 Hz up to 100 Hz 4 g


The characteristic curve 2a applies to equipment and

components operated on compressors or in the steer-ing gear compartment, as well as under other compa-rable mounting conditions.

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Fig. 3.4 Vibration curve

Table 3.17 High vibration strain (curve 2b)

Vibration strain (Fig.. 3.4)


2 (+ 3 / 0) Hz to 25 Hz 1,6 mm

25 Hz to 300 Hz 4,0 g

Sweep rate max. 1 octave/minute

The characteristic curve 2b applies for electric andelectronic equipment mounted on combustion engines.

This test applies only for new equipment after the2 January 2013 and shall be performed at a tempera-ture of 90 C.

Table 3.18 Extreme vibration strain(characteristic curve 3)


Temperature Acceleration

40 Hz up to 2000 Hz 600 C 10,0 g

Sweep rate max. 1 oktave/ minute

The characteristic curve 3 applies to equipment andcomponents installed on the exhaust gas pipes of die-selengines, especially for medium and high speed engines.The minimum strain is:

If even more severe vibration strain is expected at thelocation in question, the latter shall be considered forthe test.

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Table 3.19 Vibration strain on masts(characteristic curve 4)



2 (+ 3 / 0) Hz up to 15 Hz 2,5 mm

15 Hz up to 50 Hz 2,3 g


The characteristic curve 4 applies to equipment andcomponents installed on masts.


The equipment under test is fastened by means of itsfastening devices in its normal mounting position inaccordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

The tests are performed in three mutually perpendicu-lar axes (X:Y:Z).

During the tests the functions shall be demonstratedon the equipment under test.

At the start of the test the points of resonance of eachaxis are determined.

If points of resonance are determined at tests accord-ing to curve 1, 2 and 4 on the equipment under testwhich have an amplification factor Q < 2, the testduration is 90 minutes per axis at a frequency of 30Hz. For tests according to curve 3 a sweep over the

complete frequency range with a duration of 120minutes has to be performed in that case.

If points of resonance are determined on the equip-ment under test which have an amplification factorQ 2, the test duration is 90 minutes per resonancefrequency.

In the case of several resonance frequencies are de-tected close to each other a sweep test can be chosen.The test duration is 120 minutes.

9.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the speci-

fied functions are demonstrated, the results fall withinthe specified tolerance limits and no damage to theequipment under test is detected.

10. Inclinations

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of inclinations the equipment under test remainsoperational and no unintentional switching operationsor functional changes occur.

10.1 Test procedure

Not specified

10.2 Test conditions


Table 3.20 Inclinations

Static Dynamic

Vertical 22,5 up to 22,5 1

Horizontal 22,5 up to 22,5 1

Rolling period 10 seconds

Test duration per level 2 min. 15 minutes1 On ships for the carriage of liquefied gases and chemicals, the

emergency power supply is to remain operational up to amaximum athwart ship inclination of 30.

2 The duration of the test should be sufficient to allow the be-haviour of the equipment under test to be evaluated.


The equipment under test is fastened by means of itsfastening devices in its normal mounting position inaccordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

10.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the speci-fied functions are demonstrated, the results fall withinthe specified tolerance limits and no damage to theequipment under test is detected.

11. Flammability

The flammability test is applicable to electrotechnicalequipment, its sub-assemblies and components and tosolid electrical insulating materials or other combus-tible materials. The tests serves to demonstrate thatthe fire hazard inside of electrotechnical equipment(end-products) by an electrically induced ignition isminimized and a propagation of fire is limited to theinner housing of the electrotechnical equipment

11.1 Test procedure

The following tests for the provision of the fire haz-ard should be performed after coordination with GL:

glow-wire test to according to

IEC Publication 60695-2-11

needle-flame test according to

IEC Publication 60695-11-5

Alternatively material specific according to IEC60695-11-10, UL 94 or IEC 60695-2-12 may beaccepted.

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Table 3.21 Flammability

TestIEC 60695-11-5

TestIEC 60695-2-11

Number ofspecimen 3 1

Flame length 12 mm 1 mm 960 C

Angle ofapplication

45 from theHorizontal Vertical

Test duration pertest specimen 30 seconds 30 seconds

Number offlames 1 3

Test specimen EUT EUT


The needle flame test is used to simulate the effect ofsmall flames that may arise in malfunctioning electri-cal equipment. A 12 mm high flame held at a 45angle is applied to the base of the EUT for a specified

period of time. Tissue paper is laid out 200 mm be-neath the test specimen. The needle flame test should

be used only for small parts.

The glow-wire test is used to evaluate the risk of firehazard. Cover and non-conducting material should betested at 960 C 10 C for 30 s.

11.4 Test result

11.4.1 Test according to IEC 60695-11-5

The test is deemed to have been passed if the follow-ing conditions are observed on the plastic compo-nents of the equipment under test (housing, cover-ings):

no flame, no incandescence or

in the event of a flame or incandescence being present, it shall extinguish itself within 30 s ofthe removal of the needle flame without fullcombustion of the test specimen.

Any dripping material shall extinguish itself insuch a way as not to ignite a wrapping tissue.The drip height is 200 mm 5 mm.

11.4.2 Test according to IEC 60695-2-11

The glow-wire test should not be used for smallequipment or components, as listed in the abovementioned testing standard. Small equipment orcomponents should be tested with the needle-flametest in 11.4.1.

When flames were emitted during the glow-wire test,additional tests according to the above mentionedIEC e.g. with needle flame may be required.

The test is considered passed if no flame or no incan-descence have occurred or

any flames or glowing on the test specimenextinguish not later than 30 seconds after re-moval of the glow-wire

no ignition of the silk paper while dripping ofthe material

11.4.3 Test material specific

Classification V-0 and V-1 according to IEC 60695-11-10 or UL 94 may be accepted depending on thethickness of the material is the same as on the testspecimen.

V-2 classified material should be additionally tested by the needle flame test.

The glow wire flammability index GWFI accordingto IEC Publication 60695-2-12 should be 850 C orhigher at the related thickness of the material.

12. Pressure test

This test serves to demonstrate that components ofelectrical equipment exposed to pneumatic or hydrau-lic also withstand such pressures.

12.1 Test procedure

Basis:

GL Guidelines Test Requirements for Componentsand Systems of Mechanical Engineering and Off-shore Technology (VI-7-8)


Pressure and tightness tests are to be performed atroom temperature. For the burst pressure test the testspecimen is to be subjected to a continuously raised

pressure up to the test pressure.


During the test the equipment under test is connectedand switched on.

12.4 Test results

The test is deemed to have been passed if no perma-nent deformations or other damages occur on the

pressurized parts at the specimen and if no inadmissi- ble leakages on the body or the closures can be de-tected.

The burst pressure test is deemed to have been passedif the test pressure can be maintained over the testduration without leakage and if no other damage can

be detected on the test specimen.

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Table 3.22 Pressure tests

Pressure test Tightness test of the closure Burst pressure test

Test pressure 1,5 nominal pressure Nominal pressure4 nominal pressure ormaximum allowable working

pressureTest medium Water or water-oil emulsion Water or water-oil emulsion Water or water-oil emulsion

Test duration 2 min 2 min 2 min

13. Insulation resistance

This test serves to demonstrate that the insulationresistance at the electrical connections of the equip-ment under test remains within the specified tolerancelimits. The insulation resistance shall be measured

before and, as a test, subsequent to the following tests:

cold (Test No. 5) damp heat (Test No. 7) salt mist (Test No. 8) high voltage (Test No. 14)

13.1 Test procedure

Not specified


Table 3.23 Insulation resistance

Min. insulation

resistanceRated

operationalvoltage

Ue

[AC/DC]

Test voltage

[DC]before[M ]

after[M ]

65 V2 U e, min.

24 V10 1

> 65 V 500 V 100 10


Where practicable, the test is performed on all connec-tions as follows:

all connections in relation to frame potential connections against each other

Certain components e.g. for EMC protection may berequired to be disconnected for this test

13.4 Test results

The test is deemed to have been passed if the valuesare not lower than those specified in the table.

14. High voltage

This test serves to demonstrate that the dielectricalcharacteristics at the electrical connections of theequipment under test meet the requirements of the teststandard, against each other and in relation to theframe potential.

14.1 Test procedure

Not specified


The test is performed with alternating current at 50 Hzor 60 Hz.

Table 3.24 High voltage

Rated operational voltageUe [V]

Test voltageUeff [V]

up to 65 2 Ue + 500

66 up to 250 1500

251 up to 500 2000

501 up to 690 2500

Test duration 1 minute per test


The test is performed on all connections with a corre-sponding test voltage, for each voltage potential:

connections against each other whereby all connections of equal potential are

interconnected

The following applies to equipment fitted with protec-tive circuit:

Application of the test voltage may activate the surge protection devices, which shall disconnect the testvoltage. Once the rated operational voltage has beenswitched on, the equipment under test shall be restoredto operation without the need for replacement parts.

If so, printed circuits with electronic components may be removed during the test.

14.4 Test results

The test is deemed to have been passed if no flashoveris observed.

15. Electrostatic discharge

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of electrostatic discharges no damage is causedto the equipment under test and no permanent mal-functions occur.

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Table 3.25 Electrostatic discharge

Contactdischarge

Airdischarge

Severity level 3

Test voltage 6 kV 8 kV

Test duration per test point min. 10 individual discharges per polarity

Time between individualdischarges

min. 1 second

Wave form parameters

first peak current ofdischarge

rise time

current at 30 ns

current at 60 ns

22,5 A

0,7 to 1 ns

12 A

6 A

15.1 Test procedureBasis: IEC publication 61000-4-2.


During the test, the equipment under test is operated atits rated operational voltage U e.

15.3 General instructions for testperformance

The tests are performed in accordance with the IEC publication.

Electrostatic discharge will be performed at all hose points and surfaces of the equipment under test whichcan be touched by persons during operation.

The following methods are used:

contact discharge on conductive surfaces andcoupling planes

air discharge on insulating surfaces

Example of a test set-up for freestanding equipment isgiven in Fig. 3.5, for table-top equipment in Fig. 3.6.

Fig. 3.5 Example of test set-up for floor standing equipment

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Fig. 3.6 Example of test set-up for table-top equipment

16. Electromagnetic fields

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of electromagnetic fields no damage is caused tothe equipment under test and nor permanent or tem-

porary malfunctions occur.

16.1 Test procedure

Basis: IEC publication 61000-4-3.


During the test the equipment under test is operatedat its rated operational voltage U e.


The tests are performed in accordance with the IEC publication. During the test functional tests shall be performed on the equipment under test.

Table 3.26 Test chamber conditions

Severity level 3

Frequency range 80 MHz to 2 GHz

Sweep rate 1,5 10-3

dec/s (1%/ 3s)Field strength 10 V/m

Modulation AM 80% at 1000 Hz1

sinewave

Polarization vertically and horizontally

1 If for tests of equipment an input signal with a modulationfrequency of 1000 Hz is necessary a modulation frequencyof 400 Hz should be chosen.

If the wiring to and from the equipment under test isnot specified, unshielded parallel conductors as usualin shipbuilding shall be used.

Examples of a test set-up are given in Fig. 3.7 andFig. 3.8.

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Fig. 3.7 Example of test set-up for floor-standing equipment

Fig. 3.8 Example of test set-up for table-top equipment

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Table 3.27 Conducted fast transients (burst)

Powerconnections

Data, controland

communicationsconnections

Severity level 3

Coupling line / earth

Test voltage (opencircuit) 2 kV 1 kV

Polarity positive / negative

Repetition rate of pulses

5 kHz 5 kHz

Waveshape of voltage 5 / 50 ns

Burst-duration 15 ms

Burst-period 300 ms

Test duration per polarity and test point 5 Minutes

17. Conducted fast transients (burst)

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of interference on power and signal connectionswhich may occur at switching contacts as a result ofarcs, no damage is caused to the equipment under testand no permanent malfunctions occur.

No damage, no permanent or temporary malfunctionshall occur on equipment under test with softwareclass requirement 4 or higher, or required by specifictesting standards e.g. protection relays.

17.1 Test procedure



During the test the equipment under test is operated asits rated operational voltage U e, on which the testvoltage is superimposed.


The tests are performed in accordance with the IEC publication. During the test functional tests shall be performed on the equipment under test. The test is performed at the feed lines and on external control,data and communications lines.

If a galvanic coupling on the connections of theequipment under test is not possible a capacitive cou-

pling clamp shall be used.


Fig. 3.9 Example of test set-up for direct coupling of the test voltage toAC/DC power supply ports/terminals

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Fig. 3.10 Example of test set-up for application of the test voltage bythe capacitive coupling clamp

18. Conducted high frequency interference

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of interference which may occur on power andsignalling lines as a result of HF signal radiation, nodamage is caused to the equipment under test and no

permanent or temporary malfunction occur.

18.1 Test method



During the test the equipment under test is operatedat its rated operational voltage U e, on which the testsignal is superimposed.



The power supply lines shall be treated directly whilesignal and data lines shall be treated via a coupling

clamp.

During application of HF interferences functionaltests shall be performed on the equipment under test.


Table 3.28 Conducted high frequency interfer-ence

Severity level 2Coupling line / earth

Carrier signal (opencircuit) 3 V eff (130 dBV)

1

Frequency range 150 kHz to 80 MHz

ModulationAM 80 % at 1000 Hz

sinewave 2

Sweep rate 1,5 10 -3 dec/s (1 %/ 3 s)1 For equipment installed on bridge deck and deck zone the

test levels shall be increased to 10 V eff for spot frequenciesin accordance with IEC 60945 at 2 MHz, 3 MHz, 4 MHz,6,2 MHz, 8,2 MHz, 12,6 MHz, 16,5 MHz, 18,8 MHz,22 MHz, 25 MHz.

2 If for tests of equipment an input signal with a modulationfrequency of 1000 Hz is necessary a modulation frequencyof 400 Hz should be chosen.

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Fig. 3.11 Example of test set-up for direct coupling

Fig. 3.12 Example of a test set-up using injection clamps

19. Conducted slow transients (surge)

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of interference which may occur on power lines(AC and DC) as a result of high-energy interference(switching overvoltages caused by inductive loads), nodamage is caused to the equipment under test and no

permanent malfunctions occur.

No damage, no permanent or temporary malfunctionshall occur on equipment under test with softwareclass requirement 4 or higher, or required by specifictesting standards e.g. protection relays.

19.1 Test procedure



During the test the equipment under test is operated atits rated operational voltage U e, on which the test

pulse is superimposed.

If the equipment under test has been fitted a standardwith suppressors at its connections, these protectivedevices shall be included in the test.

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Table 3.29 Conducted slow transients (surge)

Coupling

line / line line / earth

Severity level 2

Test voltage (open circuit) 0,5 kV 1 kV

Polarity positive / negative

Waveshape of voltage 1,2 / 50 s

Repetit ion rate min. 1 pulse / minute

Test duration per test point min. 5 pulses/ Polarity



During application of interferences functional tests

shall be performed on the equipment under test.Equipment under test using the same lines for powersupply and signal transmission are to be tested accord-ing to Fig. 3.15.

This applies also to data, control and communicationconnections of the equipment under test, which mayget direct connection to power lines by external wiringrequired by applications.

Examples of a test set-up are given in Fig. 3.13 toFig. 3.15.

Fig. 3.13 Example of test set-up for line-to-line coupling on power supply lines

Fig. 3.14 Example of test set-up for line-to-earth coupling on power supply lines

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Fig. 3.15 Example of test set-up for unshielded interconnection lines

20. Conducted low frequency interference(harmonics)

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of interference caused in power supply networksas a result of system perturbations no damage iscaused to the equipment under test and no permanentor temporary malfunctions occur.

20.1 Test procedure

Not specified


During the test the equipment under test is operated atits rated operational voltage U e, on which the testvoltage is superimposed, and, where necessary, at itsrated operational current I e.

Table 3.30 DC supply voltage

Signal level (sine) 3 Veff , max. 2 W

Frequency range 50 Hz to 10 kHz

Sweep range 1,5 10 -3 dec/s (1%/ 3s)

Test duration see 20.3

Table 3.31 AC 50/60 Hz supply voltage:

Test level: U eff , max. 2 W(Fig. 3.17)

up to 15th harmonics 10 % of U e

15th to 100th harmonicsdecreasing from 10 %

to 1 % of Ue

100th to 200th harmonics 1 % of U e

Test duration see 20.3

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The test signal is injected into the supply voltage via acoupling transformer (Fig. 3.16). The impedanceshould be < 1 . The coupling transformer shall bedesigned in such a way that it can also support therated current of the equipment under test without

reaching saturation point.

The harmonics shall be reciprocally tested at supplyvoltages of AC 50/60 Hz. The sweep rate shall besufficiently slow to allow influences on the opera-tional behaviour of the equipment under test to bereadily detected.

Fig. 3.16 Example of test set-up, conducted low frequency interference (harmonics)

Fig. 3.17 Signal voltage for AC supply voltages

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21. Conducted emissions

This test measures any signals generated by equip-ment which appear on its power supply port andwhich can, therefore, be conducted into the power

supply, and potentially disturb other ship's equip-ment.

21.1 Test procedure

Basis: CISPR 16-1, 16-2.


During the test the equipment under test is operatedat its rated operational voltage U e.

Table 3.32 Conducted emissions

Site Frequency range Limits

Bridge and open deckzone

EMC 1 1

10 kHz 150 kHz150 kHz 350 kHz350 kHz 30 MHz

96 dBV 50 dBV60 dBV 50 dBV

50 dBV

General powerdistribution zone

EMC 2 1

10 kHz 150 kHz150 kHz 500 kHz500 kHz 30 MHz

120 dBV 69 dBV79 dBV

73 dBV

1 see Table 3.34


The emission shall be measured by means of thequasi-peak measuring receivers specified in CISPR16-1-1. An artificial mains network in accordancewith CISPR 16-2 shall be used.

The measuring bandwidth in the frequency range10 kHz to 150 kHz shall be 200 Hz, and in the fre-quency range 150 kHz to 30 MHz shall be 9 kHz.

The power input cables between the AC and DC power ports of the EUT and the artificial mains net-work shall be screened and not exceed 0,8 m inlength. Longer power cords shall be folded into a

serpentine-like bundle and not coiled. If the EUTconsists of more than one unit with individual ACand/or DC power ports, power ports of identicalnominal supply voltage may be connected in parallelto the artificial mains supply network.

Measurements shall be made with all measuringequipment and the EUT mounted on, and bonded to,an earth plane. Where provision of an earth plane isnot practicable, equivalent arrangements shall bemade using the metallic frame or mass of the EUT asthe earth reference.

21.4 Test result

The radio-frequency voltage at the power supplyterminals of the EUT shall not exceed the limitsshown in Fig. 3.18.

22. Radiated emissions from enclosure port

This test measures any signals radiated by an equip-ment which can potentially disturb other equipment.

22.1 Test procedure

Basis: CISPR 16-1, 16-2.


During the test the equipment under test is operatedof its rated operational voltage U e.

Table 3.33 Radiated emissions fromenclosure port

Site Frequency range Limits

Bridge and opendeck zone

EMC 1 1

150 kHz 300 kHz

300 kHz 30 MHz30 MHz 2 GHz

except for:156 MHz 165 MHz

80 dBV/m 52 dBV/m

52 dBV/m 34 dBV/m54 d BV/m

24 d BV/m

General powerdistribution zone

EMC 2 1

150 kHz 30 MHz30 MHz 100 MHz

100 MHz 2 GHz

except for:156 MHz 165 MHz

80 dBV/m 50 dBV/m60 dBV/m 54 dBV/m

54 d BV/m

24 d BV/m

1 see Table 3.34

22.3 General instructions for test procedure

The radiation limit at distance 3 m from the enclosure port over the frequency range shall be measured.

The quasi-peak measuring receivers specified inCISPR 16-1-1 shall be used. The receiver bandwidthin the frequency ranges 150 kHz to 30 MHz and156 MHz to 165 MHz shall be 9 kHz, and in thefrequency ranges 30 MHz to 156 MHz and 165 MHzto 2 GHz shall be 120 kHz.

For frequencies from 150 kHz to 30 MHz measure-ments shall be made of the magnetic H-field.

The correction factor for the antenna shall include thefactor + 51,5 dB to convert the magnetic fieldstrength to equivalent electric field strength.

For frequencies above 30 MHz measurements shall be made of the electric E-field.

The test antenna shall be placed at a distance of 3 mfrom the EUT. The centre of the antenna shall be atleast 1,5 m above the ground plane.

The E-field antenna shall be adjusted in height andthe EUT shall be placed at the mid-point of a planeorthogonal to the test antenna and be rotated toachieve the maximum emission level.

22.4 Test result

The radiation limit from the enclosure port shall notexceed the limits shown in Fig. 3.19.

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Fig. 3.18 Radio frequency terminal voltage limits for conducted emission

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Fig. 3.19 Limit values for radiated emissions from enclosure ports

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Table 3.34 Required test conditions for the defined environmental categories

Environmental Conditions Test Conditions Comments

Closed Area Open Deck Area Tempera-ture

Climate

E n v i r o n m e n

t a l C a

t e g o r y

T e m p e r a

t u r e

R e l a t

i v e

H u m

i d i t y

V i b r a

t i o n s

T e m p e r a t u r e

R e l a t

i v e

H u m

i d i t y

V i b r a

t i o n s

D r y

H e a

t

C o

l d

T e m p e r a

t u r e

R e l a t

i v e

H u m

i d i t y

S a l

t m

i s t V

i b r a

t i o n s

The short sign of the locationEMC 1/ EMC 2 where theequipment is installed accord-ing to test 18, 21 and 22 should

be added to the short sign of theenvironmental category.

A0 Cto

45 C

up to100 % 0,7

g 55 C 5 C 55 C 95 % 0,7 g For general applications

B0 Cto

45 C

up to100 % 4

g 55 C 5 C 55 C 95 % 4 gHas to withstand a high level ofvibration strain, e. g. in steeringgear compartment.

C0 Cto

55 C

up to100 %

0,7 g 70 C 5 C 55 C 95 % 0,7 g

Has to withstand a high degreeof heat, e. g. for equipment to

be mounted in consoles, hous-ings.

D0Cto

55 C

up to100 % 4

g 70 C 5 C 55 C 95 % 4 g

DT0Cto

90C

up to100 % 4

g 90 C 5 C 55 C 95 % 4 g

Has to withstand a high degreeof heat and a high level of vi-

bration strain, e. g. for equip-ment to be mounted on com-

bustion engines and compres-sors.

E0 Cto

40 C

up to80 % 0,7

g 55 C 5 C 55 C 80 % 0,7 gFor use in air-conditioned ar-eas. With GLs special consentonly.

F

- 25 Cto

+ 45 C

up to100 % 0,7

g 70 C-

25 C 55 C 95 %

Testre-

quired0,7 g

Has to withstand the additionalinfluences of salt mist andtemporary inundation, e. g. onopen deck.

G

- 25 Cto

+ 45 C

up to100 %

2,3 g 70 C - 25 C

55 C 95 %Testre-

quired2,3 g

For use on masts, with theadditional influence of saltmist.

Haccording to manufacturers specification

only in combination with environmental categories A-GThe provisions contained in thecertificates shall be observed.

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