Russia After the Revolution

The Death of Lenin

• After only 3-years as leader of Russia, Lenin dies in 1924.

• A power struggle to see who will be the next leader takes place between Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin.

• Stalin is successful and Trotsky is forced to leave the country.

• Eventually, Stalin has Trotsky assassinated while he is living in Mexico.

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Stalin’s Plans to Modernize Russia

• To Make the USSR more powerful by becoming more industrialized.

• Stalin comes up with 5-Year Plans that set 5-year goals for production (1927-1932).– The plans said how much a factory needed to

produce and how quickly.

What is good about the 5-Year Plans

• The USSR builds lots of factories during this time.

• By 1929, only Germany and the US are more industrialized.

What is Bad About the 5-year plans

• Most of what they produce are things like Tractors, trains, weapons, etc..

• No leisure products are produced so most peoples lives are pretty basic—only clothes, food, etc. (and not much choice for clothes, food, and housing).

Soviet Propaganda

• Propaganda is used to tell people to work hard now, and in the future they would have more.

Examples of Propaganda

http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~vbonnell/images/kolkhoznitsa_bud.jpg

Review

Collectivization of Agriculture

• Stalin reorganizes Russian agriculture.

• All farmers are told to pool their land and animals together into giant farms which they will all work on.

Resistance to the Collectivization of Agriculture

• The large farm owners (Kulaks) don’t like this—they don’t think its fair—and many Kill their animals or refuse.

• Stalin has the Kulaks that resist either killed or sent to Siberia to forced labor camps.

Effects of Collectivization of Agriculture

• Because many Kulaks killed their animals and destroyed their crops, a great famine hit Russia in 1929.

• 4 to 6 million people died.

• Forced over 20 million peasants to move to the city to be factory workers.

• Farming became more MODERN with the use of tractors and HARVESTERS, etc.

• Quotas are set for the large farms.

• A Quota is a specific goals that needs to be grown (a goal).

• Everything produced after the quota can be sold by the farms for Profit.

• Soviet agriculture is never as successful as it was in Industrializing .

Soviet Agriculture during the Collectivization of Agriculture

(In Millions of metric tons)

0

510

1520

2530

3540

4550

oats wheat potatoes

3-D Column 1

1928

1932

Review Challenge

• The king of Russia was called what?

• What were some reasons that people were unhappy before the Russian Revolution?

• When the Tsar left to lead the army during WWI, who became the advisor to the Tsar’s wife?

• In 1917, the Tsar stepped down as leader of the country. This is called doing what?

• When the Tsar stepped down in March, the new government that took over was called what?

• Who was the leader of the new government?

• Why was the new government not very popular?

• What were the Russian communists called?

• Who was the leader of the Russian communists?

• What did the communists promise the Russian people?

• When the communists took over, they signed a treaty with Germany that ended their participation in WWI. What was the name of this treaty?

• A civil war then broke out in Russia between the communists who were called the _________ and the supporters of the Tsar who were the _________.

• During the Civil War, when the communists tried to take over all of the Means of production (banks, stores, railroads, etc) and forced the farmers to give all of their crops to the government, it was called “__________ communism.”

• Lenin then adjusted things to allow for the farmers to keep some of what they had grown and allowed for some small businesses to be privately owned. This was called his _________ _________ Plan.

• When Lenin died, a power struggle to replace him took place between what 2 men?

• Who won the power struggle and became the second communist leader of Russia?

• When the communists took over Russia, what did they rename it?

• What was the name of Stalin’s plan to make Russia more industrialized?

• What were some of the good things about this plan?

• What were some of the bad things about this plan?

• What was Stalin’s plan to reorganize Russian farming called?

• What were the large farmers who resisted Stalin reorganization of farming called?

• Was Stalin’s plan to reorganize Russian Agriculture successful?