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Russia and the Republics Ch 15. Northern Landforms. Intro 1/6 of world landmass North European Plain Lowland In west to Ural Mtns Chernozem – fertile soil of plain Lots of agriculture here 75% of population Moscow (Russian cap), St Petersburg, Kiev (Ukraine). West Siberian Plain. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Russia and the RepublicsCh 15
Northern Landforms
• Intro– 1/6 of world landmass
• North European Plain– Lowland– In west to Ural Mtns– Chernozem – fertile soil of plain
» Lots of agriculture here– 75% of population– Moscow (Russian cap), St Petersburg, Kiev (Ukraine)
West Siberian Plain– E of Urals to Yenisey R– Arctic O to foothills of Altay Mtns– Slopes downhill to N
» Rivers drain to Arctic O
Central Siberian Plateau and Russian Far East
• Uplands and mtns dominant• High plateaus
• 1-2000 ft• Far East
• E of Lena R • Volcanic ranges• Kamchatka peninsula
120 volcanoes
20 active• Sakhalin, Kuril Islands
Seized from Japan after WWII
Japan still claims
Southern landforms
• Caucasus and Other Mtns– Caucasus
» btw Black and Caspian Seas» form border btw Russia and Transcaucasia
Trans= Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia
– Further east» Tian Shan and others» Southeastern border of Central Asia
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
» Block moisture from south
Create arid climate in central Asia
Turan Plain
– Lowlands– East of Caspian– 2 rivers
» Syr Darya» Amu Darya
– Very dry area – 2 deserts» Kara Kum » Kyzyl Kum
Rivers and Lakes
• Drainage Basins and Rivers– Drainage basin=area drained by river + tributaries– Arctic Basin
» Ob» Yenisey» Lena
3=1,750,000 cubic ft/sec– Caspian
» Volga
Longest river in Europe
60% Russia’s river traffic
Volga drainage basin
Lakes
– Caspian» Saltwater» 750 mi N-S» Largest inland sea-world
– Aral» Saltwater» Lost 80% water since 1960» Extensive irrigation» Vanish soon
Aral Sea
Lake Baikal– Deepest in world
» 1 mile– 400 mi N-S– 20% world’s fresh water– 1200 species unique to lake
Regional Resources• Intro
– Lots of resources– Transportation
difficult• Abundant Resources
– Coal– Iron, metals– Oil & gas– Forests
» 1/5 world total– Hydroelectric-
rivers
• Resource Management– Harvest and transport difficult
» Harsh climate» Long distances
– Siberia» Source of many
resources» In far east – long
distances» Frigid temps
– Environmental damage» Mining» Oil/gas production» Thermal pollution» Hot discharge from
dams/hydroel plants» Little govt control of
pollution
Forests
An explosion at Russia's largest power generator—the Sayano-Shushenkaya hydroelectric plant in Siberia—has killed at least 12 people, and another 64 are thought to be lost in the wreckage. It's an environmental disaster of monumental proportions: in addition to the tragic deaths, the damaged plant has released an oil slick over 10 miles of the surface of nearby Yenisei River
August, 2009