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3Creative ways to celebrate Chanukah Many jokes have been shared

about the complexity of growing up Jewish surrounded by Chris-tian friends and the overwhelm-ing infl uence of Christmas come the month of December. Seem-ingly everywhere you look build-ings, stores and homes are decked out in lights and decorations. But Christmas celebrants are not the only ones with reason to be festive this time of year, when Chanukah is also cause for celebration.

Perhaps due to its proximity to Th anksgiving and Christmas, Chanukah tends to be the most widely celebrated Jewish holiday in America. Even though it is of-fi cially listed as a minor holiday, Chanukah is im-portant to families across the globe. In fact, because the basis of Chanukah is rededication to the faith, it very well may be an instrumental celebration for families who may need to fi nd their way back to the roots of their beliefs.

Chanukah celebrations may not feature lavishly decorated trees or scores of celebrants belting out carols, but it bears signifi cance for the thousands of people who celebrate each year. While Chanukah is steeped in tradition, the following are a handful of ways you can add a creative spin to your familys festivities this year.

Light: One of the major tenets of Chanukah is how light can shine and lead a person through dark periods. Th is is typically exemplifi ed by the light-ing of the menorah, which is prominently placed in windows or other visible areas of celebrants homes. Th is Chanukah spend time with someone who may be dealing with an illness or the loss of a loved one. You may be the light that inspires this person each day. Give candles to friends and family members to symbolize the light that will shine in the future.

Oil: Another component of Chanukah celebrations is the fo-cus on how a one-day supply of oil somehow lasted eight days during the rededication of the temples menorah. Many ways to include oil in celebrations exist. Some people like to get creative in the kitchen, serving fried foods and desserts. Th ink about giving gift s of oil, such as fragrant essential oils that can be used in potpourri or in the bath or shower. Working alongside their parents, children can see how a wick drenched in oil can serve as an effi cient light-ing source and decorate the home with these homemade oil lamps.

Twenty-fi ve: Bring attention to the number 25, which is signifi cant when celebrating Chanu-kah. Th e word Chanukah can be divided into two: Chanu, meaning they rested, and Kah, which is the numerical value of 25. On the 25th day of the Hebrew month of Kislev, the Maccabees rested from their battle with the Greeks and triumphantly marched into the Holy Temple in Jerusalem. Make 25 a part of celebrations by inviting 25 people to celebrate with you or ask children to make murals with 25 diff erent adornments.

Charitable giving: Gift -giving is now a compo-nent of Chanukah celebrations, but it wasnt always. Greater importance was once placed on the light-ing of candles to publicize the miracle and evange-lize the faith. Some poor people could not aff ord candles, and these people would go door-to-door for candle funds, or gelt, to be able to purchase candles and kiddush wine. Some Jewish families prefer to give money rather than gift s on Chanu-kah to keep with the tradition of Chanukah gelt. However, families also can incorporate charitable giving in their celebrations as a way to reinforce the customs of giving to the poor

TOPS COPS OFC. YEPISHIN, OFC. HAMMACK & OFC. HARVEY HELP

FAMILY OUT OF THE COLDLate one night in

October, Denver Po-lice - District 6 Offi -cer Roman Yepishin (member of Colorado Russian Community) and Offi cer James Har-vey were dispatched to the Denver Art Museum on a report of unwanted parties on the premises. Several adults were seen setting up to sleep for the night near the employee en-trance, which goes into the base-ment. Museum security did not want to sign a complaint; they just wanted to the parties moved along. When Offi cer Yepishin and Offi cer Harvey arrived on scene, they contacted a male par-ty who motioned towards a blan-keted bundle in his arms and said Shes only fi ve, and I dont know what else to do. Offi cer Yepishin realized that the man had a fi ve year-old girl in his arms. Th e man, who well call Daniel, was her father, and was also accom-panied by the girls mother and an unrelated acquaintance.

Offi cers learned that Daniel came with his family in tow to Denver from Iowa for a job that fell through. Daniel was now unable to provide for his fam-ily, and they were stuck outside in the Fall cold. Th e offi cers ran a check on Daniel, and found that he was wanted on a ten year-old warrant from Colo-rado Springs. He was taken into custody, but the offi cers werent about to leave his family out in the cold.

Th e offi cers quickly began searching for shelter for Dan-iels signifi cant other and their daughter. Th ey knew they would need a car seat to safely transport the young girl, and had one de-

livered. At this same time, Offi cer Steven Hammack joined the offi cers eff orts to fi nd the family a place to stay. Th ey came up empty on fi nding a shelter and getting the woman a hotel voucher was also out of the question, since the woman did not have a Colorado ID. Aft er an

hour and a half of working to fi nd Daniels family a place to stay, they decided to take the mother and daughter to a ho-tel, and paid for it out of their own pockets. Together, Offi cer Yepishin and Offi cer Hammack split the cost of a two-night stay at the hotel and they also went to a nearby grocery store and bought them cereal, milk, bread, lunch meats, a small bag of can-dy, and plastic ware.

Offi cer Yepishin, Offi cer Hammack, and Offi cer Harvey are some of our newest offi cers, all joining the force last year. We are lucky to have them amongst our ranks, as they are a true cred-it to the City of Denver.

Holiday office party planning pointers

Holiday offi ce parties are highly anticipated events at ma-ny companies. Some businesses prefer to go for broke with regard to their holiday parties, hosting lavish aff airs for employees and clients alike. Other companies opt for more low-key events at-tended only by employees and their signifi cant others.

Th ose tasked with planning holiday offi ce parties oft en must make a host of decisions, all in an eff ort to ensure everyone has a good time. Th at can be a tall task for party planners who work for companies that boast a diverse staff and/or clientele. But the fol-lowing tips can help those tasked with laying out a holiday offi ce party plan an event thats festive and enjoyable for everyone.

Start early. Th e longer you wait to begin planning the party, the less options you will have at your disposal when you do start to plan. For example, if you wait too long before you start plan-ning, restaurants or banquet halls may already be booked solid on Fridays and Saturdays, the most common nights that holiday offi ce parties are held. So start your planning as early as possible, consulting with the person in charge with regard to the resources you will have at your disposal before you begin your research.

Choose the type of event. Holiday parties do not oft en change in style from year to year, so this decision may already be made for you. For instance, if last years holiday party was an in-formal aff air for employees only, then this years event is likely to follow the same formula. But confi rm such details with your superiors. You may have more or less room in the party bud-get this year, so confi rm the type of party your bosses intend to throw before you begin contact-ing vendors.

Choose a date and time for the party. Every employee should be able to attend the holi-day party, so try to choose a date and time that is agreeable to ev-eryone. Th e chances of 100 per-cent attendance are slim, but you can still aim for a date and time

that works for as many peopleas possible. If staff members in-clude overnight workers, consultwith management to determineif those employees can get the night off to attend the party. Such a gesture will be appreciated by the overnight shift , and it makes it possible for more employees to join in the festivities.

Make and share your sched-ule for the night. Even the most extravagant holiday offi ce par-ties tend to be somewhat loose events, but its still important to create a schedule so guests know when and where to be at various points throughout the party. Inaddition to what time the party starts, the schedule should in-clude information about when cocktail hour begins, when food will be served and when any special announcements, if any, will be made. Th e schedule will ensure that no guest feels likehe or she missed any importantevents that unfold during theparty.

Dont forget entertainment.Entertainment can make a holi-day offi ce party that much more memorable. Large parties may require the services of a profes-sional deejay or live band, whilesmall parties may survive witha portable music player playing holiday music or popular party fare. In addition to music, think up some games to keep guestsengaged throughout the night.Give prizes, such as an extraday off or gift cards, to employ-ees so they have something to look forward to if they win the games.

Arrange for transportation. If you plan to serve alcohol during the party, then arrange to havetransportation available aft er theparty for anyone who may needa ride home. Its fair to assumethat some employees may party a little too much, so make surethe night does not take a tragic turn by letting everyone know there is transportation available if they need it.

Planning a holiday offi ce par-ty can be challenging and fun. Establishing a party plan can en-sure everyone has a festive andsafe night.

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Tchaikovsky Symphony No. 6

A good friend asked me if I thought Tchaikovsky was over-rated or underappreciated. A few years ago I probably would have said overrated; now I say both.

Tchaikovskys music has been over popularized in America. Th e Nutcracker has turned into a Christmas ballet, which is so popular that for some ballet companies it accounts for almost half of their annual revenues. Th e 1812 Overture, which was written as a celebration of a Russian victory against Na-poleon, has been turned into a theme song for Americas inde-pendence from the British. Swan Lake, though it has not yet been fully Americanized, still

has a good chance of becoming an American Th anksgiving bal-let. (Swans turkeys; theyre all birds. Maybe be if a turkey emi-grated to Russia theyd call it an American swan).

I always liked Tchaikovskys fi rst piano concerto, but that was about it. I could not bring myself to listen to anything else he had written. As I got older, though, I came to appreciate Tchaikovskys symphonies more. Last year I fell in love with Tchaikovskys opera Evgeny Onegin. I took my son Jonah to watch it, and to my sig-nifi cant surprise he liked it and doesnt even mind when I listen to it in the car.

Today I want to share with you Tchaikovskys last sym-phony, No. 6. It is called Path-tique passionate. Russians could have used music from this symphony as the theme for the Olympics opening cer-emony; it is probably the most Russian music I can think of. It encompasses the passion of the big Russian spirit. I am not quite sure what Russian spirit means; its something nebulous that means diff erent things to

diff erent people. To me it means Russias deep literary and musi-cal culture, its large geographic footprint, Siberia, cold weather but warm people (even though they wont smile at you on the

street), the naivet of socialism (pseudo-equality), eternal hope that things will get better, and the almost unconditional, blind love Russians have for their leaders.

Here is Symphony Num-ber 6 (http://youtu.be/wHAfvUFtCIY), conducted byone and only Herbert von Kara-jan.

Why I Love Amazon.com but Wont Buy Its StockYou should look at your port-

folio and want to throw up a little this is how one value manager described what a true, die-hard value investors portfolio should look like. Th e two stocks I wrote about in my latest article American Ea-gle and Aropostale have a tendency to elicit that unpleas-ant refl ex in many investors today.

Im not writing this article as a pitch for those stocks (though, to be clear, my fi rm does own them) but to reinforce the les-son I have learned from past indecisions. If you want to buy a retailer selling clothes and shoes items that are subject to fashion and weather risks you want to buy them when they have missed their latest trend, when their fi nancials look ugly and when the risks have already played out. One thing I like about these ap-parel retailers is that teens will shop there for just a few years. If a retailer screws up with one crop of kids, they get a second chance, because there is an-other crop coming right along. (Th e JCPenney crowd is not as forgiving. See What I Learned from the JC Penney Fiasco .)

Also, unlike for the Best Buys and RadioShacks of the world, the Internet is not a sig-nifi cant threat to teen clothing retailers. Parents get sick of their kids driving them crazy at home on weekends plus,

lets be honest, when your kids get to be teenagers, you are defi nitely not cool anymore. Th ere is, however, an amicable solution: Drop the kids off at the shopping mall a large, relatively secure enclosed space with video cameras and security personnel, with a movie theater, inexpensive fast food and a lot of retailers.

As I am writing this, Im realizing that this is a quintes-sentially American phenom-enon. The public transporta-tion system is not really well developed in the U.S., and distances are large. Dropping off your kids at the mall pret-ty much ensures that theyll still be there when you come back for them. And before the movie but after they have filled their bellies with French fries ... you guessed it, the kids go to Aropostale or Ameri-can Eagle. Kids go there to kill time.

Growing up in Russia, which in many respects was a lot like Europe, we walked (there were wide sidewalks along the streets) and took public transportation. Th ese were the times before the nightly news was allowed to talk about real local crime, and my parents were not really worried about safety on the streets, though if I was really, really late coming home, my mom still called the hospitals. I dont know if Rus-sian parents still feel the same

way about letting their kids roam the streets today.

On a separate but related topic, for the past year, since we got Amazon Prime, Ive been hooked on shopping on Ama-zon.com . I have bought things there that I never thought I would. We just bought a bunk bed for the kids. I read all the positive and, most important, the negative reviews. Th e bed was delivered to my door, and I did not have to pay for ship-ping. If I had bought it at Ikea, I would have had to either pay for delivery or load and un-load boxes into and out of our minivan. But what is amazing about Amazon is how easy it is to deal with them and return things that dont work out.

A few weeks ago we bought a foam mattress. It was vacu-um-sealed, so when we opened it and removed the plastic it expanded to double the size of the original packaging. However, the mattress had an unpleasant smell that had not gone away aft er a week of air-ing. So I had a mattress that I couldnt stuff back in the origi-nal box to return. I went on Amazons website I didnt even bother calling them but hit the chat button. Ten min-utes later my problem was solved. A service truck (not UPS or FedEx) would pick up my mattress as is, without the original packaging, and it would not cost me a dime.

My wife was not very happy with me for buying this mat-tress and having to return it. But I reminded her to just imagine how much money and time wed have wasted if wed bought at a traditional retailer we would have had to pay for delivery (a cost we wouldnt recoup) and then pay again for delivery back to the store.

Amazon Prime is an inge-nious idea. For a bit less than $100 a year, I receive free ship-ping on any item no limits or constraints. Th is also buys my loyalty to Amazon. (Yes, my loyalty is that cheap!) I dont even think about check-ing prices with other retail-ers I know that with them I wont get free shipping (both ways), incredible selection, the reviews of other buyers, abso-lutely pain-free customer ser-vice and competitive prices. Also, Amazon already has my work and home addresses and my credit card information. So Amazon Prime has done something that you wouldnt think is possible: It has created online loyalty.

Th is new loyalty presents me, as an investor, with an in-teresting dilemma: What do I do about Amazons stock? Answer: absolutely nothing. It is incredibly diffi cult to value Amazon shares. Today they trade at 90 times next years earnings. I can defi nitely see how Amazons sales will grow

over time, but because thecompany is not focused onmaking money, I have no ideawhether that bright future isalready priced in or not. Inves-tors are forgiving Amazon fornot making money today be-cause at some point it will startto. It will stop investing in newproduct categories, it will raiseits prices, and customers willbe forgiving. So they may havea workable strategy.

But here is what I havelearned over the years. Youdont have to own all the greatcompanies. You can just enjoytheir products and services un-til they stumble. Th ey alwaysdo. Wall Street love aff airs arelike Hollywood marriages;theyre not forever. Look at Ap-ple . I have always loved theirproducts (I have owned everysingle iPhone), but I waiteduntil I could buy the stock onmy own terms, when I couldvalue it and have a margin ofsafety. Th e same applies toelectric carmaker Tesla Mo-tors. My next car will probablycome from them, but Ill waitpatiently for Teslas stock tobecome reacquainted with theconcept of gravity.

_______________________Vitaliy N. Katsenelson, CFA,

is Chief Investment Offi cer atInvestment Management As-sociates in Denver, Colo. He isthe author of Th e Little Book ofSideways Markets (Wiley, De-cember 2010).

Vitaliy N. Katsenelson, Denver


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The Ketogenic Diet

Th e Ketogenic Diet, created in 1924, was originally created to treat epilepsy but has evolved to benefi t individuals with a va-riety of diff erent illnesses. Th is diet especially focuses on foods that are high in fat and low in carbohydrates, and is especially appealing to people who are try-ing to lower their glucose levels and improve their resistance to insulin. Th ere are many compo-nents to this diet that make it a well balanced, benefi cial option.

Proteins: A major part of the ketogenic diet is meat because its the major source of protein. Beef, chicken and fi sh are impor-tant part of the diet because they

supply the needed nutrients for the body as well. For individuals who dont enjoy meat, tofu is al-so a great source of protein (and very common among vegans be-cause it doesnt have any animal products). Cheese is also oft en eaten for its protein benefi ts but it also has some health setbacks like the high amount of calories and fat, so its limited in the diet. Many other diary products are high in fats, which is why they should be sometime avoided or carefully planned out. Whole eggs are some of the most well known contributors of protein in just about any diet. If possible, try to purchase range-free eggs and you can also add them to other dishes.

Carbohydrates: Fruits and vegetables are the healthy and most common source of carbo-hydrates in this diet. Salads with leafy greens, green beans and car-rots are the preferable vegetables. Peaches, berries and apples are the most common fruit that can be eaten alone by itself or added to other foods as a topping. Both

vegetables and fruits also have many necessary vita-mins and can be prepared many diff erent ways, or even eaten raw. Th ere are also many pasta substitutes that replace original whole grains, contributing with their nutrients. Species like sea salt and black pepper also provide this important nutrient.

Fats: Lipids compose the majority of the daily caloric intake in the keto-genic diet. Th ey are very important to the body but some fats are very unhealthy and even dangerous to consume, so be cautious. To balance out the nutrients, foods like tuna and shellfi sh are commonly eaten. Some individuals also like to consume diff erent types of oils (coconut, vegetable, olive, etc.) and add butters to their meat and other foods. Some of the healthiest sources of healthy fat are avocados, but you are also free to try almonds and other delicious nuts.

Beverages: In this diet, de-hydration is fairly common so its important to keep the body functioning properly with liq-uids. Of course the most basic liquid consumed by practically everyone is water, drink plenty of it! Sometimes coff ee will pro-vide a good energy boost as well. All types of teas are welcome; fruit, herbal or others. Th e more liquids in the body, the better. Liquid sweeteners like Stevia and Erythritol can be added

to the tea or coff ee for a sweet boost and extra fl avor.

Especially with the holidays coming up, watching what you consume and how it aff ects yourbody is crucial if you not only want to stay in shape but want tofeel healthy and energetic. Th eKetogenic Diet has been provento be benefi cial to many, but it can have side eff ects, so be sure to havemedical supervision at all time and consult a certifi ed nutritionist to see if this diet is a great option for you.

Goodbye Y: Men Who Smoke Have Missing Male ChromosomesbyStephanie Pappas

Add another troubling side eff ect to the list of health issues caused by cigarettes: Smoking may cause the Y chromosome to disappear from mens blood cells.

A new study fi nds that men who smoke lose the Ychromo-some in blood cells more fre-quently than nonsmokers and the heavier their cigarette use is, the fewer Y chromosomes they have.

Th is Y chromosome loss could explain why male smokers are at higher risk of cancerthan female smokers, the researchers said in their study, published in the journal Science.

Th e cells that lose the Y chro-mosome Th ey dont die, said study co-author Lars Forsberg, of the Department of Immunol-ogy, Genetics and Pathology at Uppsala University in Sweden. But we think that they would have a disrupted biological func-tion.

More specifi cally, the im-mune cells in the blood that are tasked with fi ghting cancer may be hampered without their Y chromosome, Forsberg told Live Science.

Th e case of the missing YTh e Y chromosome is one of

two sex-determining chromo-somes in men, who have one X chromosome and one Y. (Wom-en have two X chromosomes.) Normally, during cell division, copies of all of the chromosomes are made and sorted into the two new daughter cells. But during

the complex process, chromo-somes are sometimes lost, Fors-berg said.

Usually, a missing chromo-some would result in the death of the new cell, but cells can survive without a Y chromosome.

Scientists have known for more than 50 years that Y chro-mosomes can vanish, Fors-berg said. Missing Ys are more common in older men than in younger men. In April, however, Forsberg and his colleagues pub-lished fi ndings in the journal Nature Genetics revealing that the loss of the Y chromosome in the blood cells is linked with an increased risk of cancer in men.

Th e next task, Forsberg said, was to fi nd out what factors lead men to lose their Y chromo-somes. He and his colleagues gathered health data from a total of 6,000 men who were partici-pating in three diff erent ongoing epidemiological studies in Swe-den. Th e men were questioned

on factors such as exercise, blood pressure, alcohol use andsmok-ing, and also gave blood samples, so the researchers could test the prevalence of the Y chromosome in the blood. (Because red blood cells dont carry any DNA, the results apply only to the white blood cells, or immune cells, that circulate in the blood.)

Smokings strange side eff ectTh e results showed that it was

very common for men in the study to be missing Y chromo-somes from their cells. Th e men in two of the studies ranged in age from 70 to 80 years old. In the fi rst group, 12.6 percent of men were missing Y chromo-somes from their blood cells; in the second group, 15.6 percent had lost the Y chromosome.

Th e third group of men ranged in age from 48 to 93, and only 7.5 percent were missing Y chromosomes. Th e results from this group highlighted the ef-

fect of age, the researchers said. Among the men age 70 and older, 15.4 percent were missing Y chromosomes, compared with 4.1 percent of men younger than 70.

With those overall num-bers established, the research-ers compared participants on lifestyle and health factors and found that, other than age, only smoking was linked to the loss of the Y chromosome. Smok-ers had between 2.4 and 4.3 times the risk of losing Y chro-mosomes compared with non-smokers.

More experimental work will be necessary to prove that smok-ing directly causes Y chromo-somes to vanish and to pin down exactly how cigarettes may bring about this side eff ect. But several clues in the results strongly imply that cigarettes are the culprit. For one, the men who smoked more had lost more Y chromosomes. And among men who had stopped smoking, the levels of Y chromosome in their blood were indistinguish-able from those of men who never smoked.

Th at last fi nding is particu-larly encouraging, Forsberg said.

When you stop smoking, these cell clones with loss of [the] Y [chromosome] will dis-appear from circulation, he said. In other words, the Y disappear-ance is reversible.

Researchers arent sure how widespread the smoking-related loss of Y is among other cells in the body; other studies of older

men have suggested that Y chro-mosomes may disappear in oth-er tissues with age, Forsberg said.

Cancer link?Th e loss of the Y chromosome

in the blood has little to do withmanliness, despite the chromo-somes association with sex.

Th e Y chromosome is in-volved in much more than sex determinationand reproduc-tion, Forsberg said.

Instead, this vanishing chro-mosome could be the link that explains why men have a higherrisk of cancer (from smoking,and in general) than women,Forsberg said. One possibility is that the missing Y is harm-less in and of itself, but acts as acanary in a coal mine, signaling that cells are being damaged by smoking and accruing muta-tions that can cause cancer.

But Forsberg and his teambelieve the story may be more complex.

Since we study blood cells from whole blood, its basically the immune system that westudy, he said. One of the func-tions of the immune system is tofi ght cancer throughout life.

If some of the genetic codecarried on the Y chromosome helps with this cancer-fi ghting function, the loss of the Y in blood could make the body more susceptible to tumors, he said. Next, the researchers plan to tackle immune cell types oneby one, to fi nd out which mightbe most aff ected by a missing Ychromosome.

Svetlana Mikhaylova, Denver.


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Why a Moscow meltdown could spread around the globeDespite the relatively small size of the Russian economy, an economic crisis could still trigger problems worldwide

Russia matters. It mattered in 1998 when the shock waves from its debt default reverber-ated around the world. And it would matter again should the plunging oil price lead to eco-nomic collapse. Th ats despite the fact thatRussia is a massive land mass with a relatively small

economy. It accounts for only 3% of global GDP and it is domi-nated by an energy sector that is responsible for 70% of exports.

To an extent, the structure of Russias economy should miti-gate contagion risks. Lacking a modern manufacturing sector, it is not vital for global supply

chains and, in theory, any other energy producer could make good the disruption to oil and gas supplies in the event of a deep and damaging recession.

But there are at least fi ve ways in which a crisis for Russia could spread. Russias immediate prob-lems have been caused by the sharp drop in the price of crude and it is not the only one to be suff ering. Venezuela and Iran are fi nding it hard to cope with oil down at $70 a barrel. If Rus-sia goes, it will be a case of: whos next?

Second, Russia still has close economic links with eastern Eu-rope, so a collapse would have se-rious consequences for countries such as Poland and an already imploding Ukraine. WesternEu-rope, too, would be aff ected if for any reason gas supplies through

Russias pipeline were cut off .Th ird, confi dence would be

hit. Germanys weak economic performance since the spring can, in part, be attributed to the gloomier economic mood. Th e slowdown in the rest of the Eu-rozone has probably had a big-ger impact on German activity but the tension between Mos-cow and Kiev has certainly not helped. Russia might be enough to tip Germany into recession, which in turn would be enough to ensure that the European Central Bank began a quantita-tive easing program.

Fourth, nobody is quite sure how Vladimir Putin, pictured, would respond to the most chal-lenging economic circumstances since 1998. Any confi dence ef-fects from an economic crisis would be exacerbated by the

knowledge that Russia is con-trolled by a president able tomake felt his countrys still con-siderable geo-political and mili-tary clout.

Finally, the assumption isthat fi nancial market exposure to Russia is relatively limitedgiven that overseas banks had$209bn (134bn) of loans to Russia when sanctions were im-posed in March. On the face of it, western investors do not look all that vulnerable and have had time to get their money out. But that was also the assumption in1998, when Barclays had to setaside 250m to cover its Russianlosses. Financial trades are now so complex and leveraged, it isimpossible to know for sure how big losses might be this time.

Larry Elliott, TheGuardian

Let those Russians dieRussians starve against the

backdrop of sanctions, they can not raise loans to buy some-thing they need, so why havent they rebelled against Putin yet? Th is is a question that many Western publications and blog-gers ask in their articles and posts aft er Putins address to the Federal Assemblylast week. Many of these articles say that social protests and devastation would be in store for Russia this winter.

Western media strongly em-phasizes that Putin, instead of digging into age-old griev-ances and claims to the West, should come to his senses and return the Crimea to Ukraine. On Th ursday, Mr. Putin was forced to contend with trouble on both fronts, as insurgents mounted a deadly attack in the Chechen capital of Grozny, and he was compelled in his yearly address to reassure Russians that his assertive foreign policy would not bring economic ru-in, an article in Th e New York Times said. In the fi rst part of the 70-minute speech, Mr. Putin adopted the angry, ag-grieved tone toward the West that he has used since Rus-sia annexed Crimea in March, blaming the United States for starting the trouble by foment-ing a coup in Ukraine. He used a more professorial tone in the second, economic part of the speech, but it proved to be a laundry list of small adjust-ments, many of them recycled, the article continues.

Vladimir Putin will be ac-cumulating foreign policy chal-lenges, - the Spanish El Pais wrote. - But any of them can be more or less controlled, which can not be said about the deeply sick Russian economy that has

been in deep decline because of falling oil prices and the ruble exchange rate that has lost 40 percent of its value in one year. Th is heralds a winter of discon-tent on the streets of Russia.

Vardan Bagdasaryan, Doc-tor of History, Professor, Deputy Director of the Center of Scien-tifi c and Political Ideology: Th e point is as follows: you (Russia) announce the enemy (the West), but you can do nothing. Eco-nomic indicators and oil prices are falling down along with the ruble. Th is is what many Western publications write, - said Vardan Bagdasaryan. - Th e situation is really complicated as Russia lives on the west-centrist model. Russia is built into the Western economy. Th erefore, mere dec-larations are not enough, there should be real steps made to change the model of the coun-try, the specialist said.

As for economic estimations, there are very few sober assess-ments in the West. For example, Bloomberg quoted an offi cial at BCS Financial Group in London, Luis Saenz. Th e good part of Putins address is that he said

hed like a reduced government role in the economy and more freedom for business activity, - Saenz, head of equity sales and trading in London for Moscow-based BCS Financial Group said. Th e bad part is that Putins rec-ipe for overcoming the crisis is made mostly from general proc-lamations, said the expert.

Russia needs to change its modelUnder the conditions of

the crisis and actual aggres-sionagainst Russia, the situation in economic, informational, and several other areas is extremely tense, - said Sergei Grinyaev, Di-rector General of Center for Stra-tegic Estimates and Forecasts. - In such circumstances, con-ducting reforms is extremely dif-fi cult and ineffi cient. Moreover, changes under the conditions of crisis and confl ict can lead to very negative consequences. I think that today, emphasis needs to be attached to anti-crisis man-agement. Today, one must adjust all government programs and strategies that have been adopted in recent years to be implement-ed before 2020.

Given the new geopolitical reality and a new state of the Russian economy, all those strat-egies of today will most likely not be realized. Th ey need to be suspended until the situation in the Russian economy and in the world improves.

Against the background of predictions about the imminent collapse of the Russian econo-my, many Western publications wonder why Putin enjoys such high ratings. Th e USA Today came to conclusion that it goes about the unity of the nation in the face of an external enemy.

Why are Putins ratings so high?

I agree with this logic, - says Vardan Bagdasaryan. - Russias historical development is based on challenge-response prin-ciple. Th is can be achallenge of nature or an internal call, but it most oft en goes about an ex-ternal challenge. Th e West has always been such an external challenge to Russia. Putin took up the challenge of the West af-ter the defeat in the Cold War, even aft er the national inferior-ity complex had been formed in Russia. A large part of the Rus-sian population accepted this feeling of the Russian president taking up the fi ght - this what explains Putins high ratings, I believe.

In conclusion, here are a few quotes from Western bloggers. I do not feel sorry for the Russians, let them freeze and die there in Ukraine, variations of this com-ment are very popular. Eco-nomics and dead bodies from Ukraine, and their enthusiasm may fl y up in smoke very quickly. It only works with Russians, who have been victims of their own governments for hundreds of years, says Linda Wagner.

Th ese negative estimationsare consequences of the mediaand psychological war, - notes Vardan Bagdasaryan. - We have been appealed to Western opin-ions for a long time. We would pay fi rst priority attention to how the West would estimate Russia. If the West was giving a positive assessment, it wasbelieved that Russia was going in the right direction. If the as-sessment was negative, it wasbelieved that Russia was doing something wrong.

Life with an eye to Westernopinions has created numerousstrategic traps for Russia, in allareas of life. Orientation towardsWestern values deprives Russia of sovereignty in terms of cul-tural values. Russia should be guided by Russian values. Yet,one should know the position of the rival to conduct propaganda against the rival and off er an al-ternative project.

But there are other opinions.A poster named as Cristo wrote:Before Putin appeared on the international scene, I was a very apolitical guy. And suddenly,there was light at the end of thetunnel. I thought it was impos-sible. But it turns out that it is.A politician, who cares about his country. A politician, whocan think. A politician, who issmart. A politician, who knows what to say and when to say. A politician, who makes the West work 24 hours a day to vilify him. Putin is probably some-one, who gives humanity the last chance to survive in thisworld.

You could agree or disagreewith that statement but what can you do with those Russians atall?

Lyuba Lulko


3 11


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Holiday Drinking: How 8 Common Medications Interact with AlcoholBy Cari Nierenberg

From the glasses of wine with Th anksgiving dinner to the champagne toast on New Years, alcohol is oft en a familiar sight at holiday celebrations.

But if youre taking one or more medications a day whether theyre over-the-coun-ter or prescription is it safe to raise a glass or two, or should you avoid drinking altogether?

In some cases, mixing alcohol with medications can be danger-ous. Some drugs contain ingre-dients that can react with alco-hol, making them less eff ective.

Drinking while on other types of medications might have a negative eff ect on your symp-toms or the disease itself. For example, consuming alcohol can reduce blood-sugar levels, lead-ing to poor control of diabetes. Knocking a few back can also in-tensify the sleep-inducting eff ect of medications that may cause drowsiness, making it risky to get behind the wheel or use dan-gerous machinery.

Th e danger of combining al-cohol and some medications is real and sometimes fatal, said Danya Qato, a practicing phar-macist and doctoral candidate in health services research at Brown University in Providence, R.I.

Alcohol works in various and unexpected ways to impact the eff ectiveness of a medication, Qato told.

Older people are at a particu-larly high risk for drug-alcohol interactions because they oft en take more medications than younger adults do, and are more susceptible to alcohols eff ects on thinking and motor skills, which may result in falls and other inju-ries. Aging also slows the bodys ability to break down alcohol, so its negative eff ects are felt sooner, and it remains in an older per-sons bloodstream longer.

Knowing which of the eight common medication classes be-low may interact harmfully with alcohol, and what side eff ects may occur as a result, could go a long way toward helping you to enjoy a happier and healthier

holiday season.Be sure to consult your phar-

macist or doctor if you have additional questions about the medications you are taking.

AntidepressantsAbout one in 10 Americans

ages 12 and over takes an an-tidepressant, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

With antidepressants, the concern with drinking alcohol is that they both slow down the centralnervous system, aff ecting the brain and impairing thinking skills and alertness. Th is combi-nation can also make people feel sleepier and decrease their judg-ment abilities, coordination and reaction time.

Combining alcohol and anti-depressants may also worsen the symptoms of depression.

For people taking a particular class of antidepressants called monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), its best to avoid alco-hol entirely, Qato said. Alcohol can interact with these drugs and cause a dangerous rise in blood pressure.

MostAmericans who use an-tidepressantsare taking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as Zoloft , Prozac and Paxil and there is less evi-dence of these particular drugs interacting adversely with alco-hol, Qato said.

Still, she advised, if you have a drink while taking SSRIs, avoid driving because of alcohols in-fl uence on drowsiness, dizziness and concentration.

Birth-control pillsAbout 17 percent of Ameri-

can women ages 15 to 44 use birth-control pills, according to an estimate from Planned Par-enthood. Alcohol tends to leave the body at a slower rate in wom-en who take oral contraceptives than in women who do not. As a result, when a woman who is on the pill drinks, she may feel intoxicated sooner.

While alcohol does not re-duce the eff ectiveness of birth-

control pills, drinking can have other negative consequences for wom-en, said Stacy Elder, an assistant professor of clinical pharmacy at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy.

Too much alcohol can impair a womans decision-making skills and reduce her sexual inhibitions. If she gets drunk, a woman may forget to take the pill or neglect to tell her part-ner to wear a condom, noted Elder, who is also an internal medicine clinical specialist at the

Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania.

Blood-pressure and heart med-ications

Roughly seven in 10 U.S. adults with high blood pressure use medication to treat the con-dition, according to the CDC.

Alcohol is thought to decrease the eff ect of beta-blockers, medi-cations taken by people who have had heart attacks or are being treated for heart failure, chest pain or an abnormal heart rhythm. Th erefore, experts rec-ommend that people using beta-blockers avoid drinking alcohol.

For those taking angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE inhibi-tors) to control hypertension or treat heart attack and strokes, alcohol can actually cause blood pressure to drop too much, said Elder, who is also an internal medicine clinical specialist at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania.

When blood pressure dips too low, a person may feel dizzy or lightheaded, and might even faint.

Because alcohol compounds the blood-pressure reduction ef-fects of ACE inhibitors, its best to avoid drinking while taking them, Elder said.

C h o l e s t e r o l - l o w e r i n g medications

Statins, such as Lipitor and Crestor, rank among the coun-trys top-selling drugs. About 32 million Americans are taking a statin, according to a Harvard Medical School publication.

In general, its best to err on the side of drinking moderately if youre on statins, Qato said.

Moderate drinking means one drink a day for women and up to two daily for men, accord-ing to the U.S. governments Di-etary Guidelines for Americans.(One drink is considered 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine or 1.5 ounces of liquor.)

But Qato said a bigger con-cern is the people who take these cholesterol-lowering drugs and have a history of heavy drink-

ing. Th ats because liver damage is a potential side eff ect of statin treatment, and regular statin use combined with frequent bouts of heavy drinking can both take a toll on the liver.

Liver problems may not cause any noticeable symptoms, and may be detected only through a liver function test.

Diabetes medicationsSlightly more than 70 percent

of American adults with diabetes use an oral medication to treat it, according tothe 2007-2009 Na-tional Health Interview Survey. About 26 million children and adults in the U.S. have diabetes, according to the CDC.

People who have diabetes should be aware that alcohol can cause low blood-sugar levels not only right aft er drinking, but also up to 24 hours aft erward, Elder said. Because of this, she advised eating a snack before or while youre drinking, to keep blood-sugar levels steady.

Some diabetes medications may not mix well with alcohol because they lower blood sugar and could lead to dangerous side eff ects.

One of these medications is metformin, which has been linked with a rare but potentially serious side eff ect when taken by someone who has been drinking excessively. It increases the risk of lactic acidosis, which causes a buildup of lactic acid in the blood and could lead to such symptoms as nausea and weak-ness.

Drugs used to treat diabetes, such as glimepiride, and other sulfonylurea drugs can also oc-casionally interact with alcohol and cause dizziness, nausea, fl ushing (redness of the face), and extremely low blood glucose levels, Elder said.

Gastroesophageal refl ux and ulcer drugs

Th ough Elder said it may be OK to have one drink if you have heartburn, larger amounts of alcohol can relax the muscle between the stomach and the esophagus, increasing acid re-fl ux. Th is could produce a burn-ing sensation in the upper chest and a sour taste in the back of the mouth, she explained.

Although Elder said theres not really any direct reaction be-tween alcohol and proton pump inhibitors, which are the drugs commonly used to treat gas-troesophageal refl ux disease (GERD), drinking can make heartburn worse.

Th e holidays can be chal-lenging for people with GERD because theres oft en so much tempting food and alcohol. Its hard to tell whether its eating or drinking that is causing refl ux symptoms to fl are up, Elder said.

Alcohol can irritate and erodethe lining of the stomach andesophagus, and also increase theamount of stomach acid pro-duced, thus worsening acid re-fl ux as well as ulcer symptoms.

Elder advised people withstomach ulcers to avoid alcoholbecause it can slow an ulcersability to heal.

PainkillersDrinking can be harmful

when taking certain over-the-counter and prescription painrelieversbecause alcohol intensi-fi es the eff ect of some pain medi-cines.

Its generally safe to drink insmall amounts if youre takingacetaminophen (Tylenol), Qatosaid, but she warned that chronicdrinking and acetaminophenuse can cause liver damage.

Other over-the-counter painremedies, such as aspirin andibuprofen, are usually safe withmoderate drinking, Qato said.But she cautioned that becauseaspirin and ibuprofen can in-crease stomach irritation, and sodoes alcohol, its best to refrainfrom heavy drinking if you takepain relievers on a regular basisin order to avoid the possibilityof ulcers and stomach bleeding.

Drinking should be avoidedwhen taking prescription painmedications, including opioidssuch as Vicodin and OxyContin.Alcohol can enhance the seda-tive side eff ects of these narcot-ics, thus increasing fatigue andcausing blood pressure to drop.Combining alcohol and narcot-ics can also impair thinking andmotor skills, and lead to breath-ing problems.

Every year, many severe and sometimes fatal overdos-es are caused by mixing alcoholand narcotics, Qato said.

Sleeping pillsIts generally recommended

to steer clear of alcohol if youretaking sleeping pills, said Qato.

Combining sleep aids, suchas Lunesta or Ambien, with al-cohol can be dangerous. Alcoholcan increase the sedative eff ectsof sleep medications, depressingparts of the brain and causingsevere drowsiness and dizziness,which may increase the risk offalls, injuries and car accidents.

Heavy drinking while takingsleeping pills can reduce bloodpressure to extremely low levels,and cause diffi culty breathing.

Although drinking can makeyou feel tired, which is why somepeople use it as a nightcap, it canalso disrupt normal sleep pat-terns and cause you to wake upmore oft en during the night.

If you have a drink, try to waitat least six hours before takingsleeping pills in order to keepalcohol far away from your bed-time, Qato recommended.


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ARIES Mar 21/Apr 20Aries, although you are full of excitement

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Taurus, motivation may not be strong this week, so begin with some menial tasks around the house and build up to bigger plans. Eventually you will fi nd a groove.GEMINI May 22/Jun 21

Gemini, try to avoid focusing on just one issue for too long. Sometimes you simply must trust your instincts and forge ahead anyway. Let past experience guide you this week.CANCER Jun 22/Jul 22

Cancer, avoid the temptation to take on too many responsibilities this week. If you dont, you might not get much done. Th ink before you accept more work.LEO Jul 23/Aug 23

Financial matters are looming and a decision must be made, Leo. Dont be overcome with anxiety, as all you need to do is carefully examine your fi nances to come up with a solution.VIRGO Aug 24/Sept 22

Spontaneity beckons, Virgo, even though you are a careful planner who puts a lot of thought into your decisions. Overthinking is more hassle than its worth this week.LIBRA Sept 23/Oct 23

Someone may catch you off guard this week, Libra. Th is person will bring a welcome surprise, so look forward to this unexpected encounter.SCORPIO Oct 24/Nov 22

Back up your promises with decisive

action, Scorpio. Th ats the only way to prove to others that your word means something and you are committed to honoring your commitments.SAGITTARIUS Nov 23/Dec 21

Th ere may be more to the big picture than you are seeing, Sagittarius. Gather the facts before you jump to any conclusions. You may just see things from a diff erent perspective.CAPRICORN Dec 22/Jan 20

Capricorn, you are riding high and looking to share your good fortune with others. Make the most of this chance to improve the lives of those around you.AQUARIUS Jan 21/Feb 18

Aquarius, you have an idea about how to tackle a diffi cult obstacle, but someone crosses your path with a diff erent agenda. Perhaps theres a way to work together.PISCES Feb 19/Mar 20

Pisces, avoid open confl ict without being a pushover this week. Find the middle ground and try to understand anothers perspective.

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Origins of Human Alcohol Consumption Revealedby Charles Q. Choi

Human ancestors may have begun evolving the knack for consuming alcohol about 10 million years ago, long before modern humans began brewing booze, researchers say.

Th e ability to break down alcohol likely helped human ancestors make the most out of rotting, fermented fruit that fell onto the forest fl oor, the re-searchers said. Th erefore, know-ing when this ability developed could help researchers fi gure out when these human ances-tors began moving to life on the ground, as opposed to mostly in trees, as earlier human ancestors had lived.

A lot of aspects about the modern human condition ev-erything from back pain to in-gesting too much salt, sugar and fat goes back to our evolution-ary history, said leadstudyau-thor Matthew Carrigan, a paleo-geneticist at Santa Fe College in Gainesville, Florida. We wanted to understand more about the modern human condition with regards to ethanol, he said, re-ferring to the kind of alcohol found in rotting fruit and thats also used in liquor and fuel.

Tolearnmore about how hu-man ancestors evolved the ability to break down alcohol, scientists focused on the genes that code for a group of digestive en-zymes called the ADH4 family. ADH4 enzymes are found in the stomach, throat and tongue of

primates, and are the fi rst alco-hol-metabolizing enzymes to encounter ethanol aft er it is im-bibed.

Th e researchers investigated the ADH4 genes from 28 dif-ferent mammals, including 17 primates. Th ey collected the sequences of these genes from either genetic databanks or well-preserved tissue samples.

Th e scientists looked at the family trees of these 28 species, to investigate how closely related they were and fi nd out when their ancestors diverged. In total, they explored nearly 70 million years of primate evolution. Th e scien-tists then used this knowledge to investigate how the ADH4 genes evolved over time and what the ADH4 genes of their ancestors might have been like.

Th en, Carrigan and his col-leagues took the genes for ADH4 from these 28 species, as well as the ancestral genes they mod-eled, and plugged them into bacteria, which read the genes and manufactured the ADH4 enzymes. Next, they tested how well those enzymes broke down ethanol and other alcohols.

Th is method of using bacteria to read ancestral genes is a new way to observe changes that hap-pened a long time ago that didnt fossilize into bones, Carrigan said.

Th e results suggested there was a singlegenetic mutation10 million years ago that endowed

human ancestors with an en-hanced ability to break down ethanol. I remember seeing this huge diff erence in eff ects with this mutation and being really surprised, Carrigan said.

Th e scientists noted that the timing of this mutation coin-cided with a shift to a terrestrial lifestyle. Th e ability to consume ethanol may have helped hu-man ancestors dine on rotting, fermenting fruit that fell on the forest fl oor when other food was scarce.

I suspect ethanol was a second-choice item, Carrigan said. If the ancestors of hu-mans, chimps and gorillas had a choice between rotten and nor-mal fruit, they would go for the normal fruit. Just because they were adapted to be able to ingest it doesnt mean ethanol was their fi rst choice, nor that they were

perfectly adapted to metabolize it. Th ey might have benefi ted from small quantities, but not to excessive consumption.

In people today, drinking in moderation can have benefi ts, but drinking in excess can defi -nitely cause health problems, experts agree. Scientists have suggested that problems people have with drinking, such as heart disease, liver disease, andmental health problems, result because humans have not evolved genes to suffi ciently process ethanol. Similarly, humans have not evolved genes to handle large amounts of sugar, fat and salt, which, in turn, have given way to obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure and many other health problems.

One model for the evolution of alcohol consumption suggests that ethanol only entered the hu-

man diet aft er people began to store extra food, potentially aft erthe advent of agriculture, andthat humans subsequently devel-oped ways to intentionally directthe fermentation of food about 9,000 years ago. Th erefore, the theory goes,alcoholism as a dis-easeresulted because the humangenome has not had enoughtime to fully adapt to alcohol.

Another model suggests thathuman ancestors began con-suming alcohol as early as 80 million years ago, when early primates occasionally ate rotting fermented fruit rich in ethanol. Th is model suggests that the at-traction to alcohol started be-coming a problem once modern humans began intentionally fer-menting food because it gener-ated far more ethanol than was normally found in nature. Th enew fi ndings support this model.

In the future, Carrigan and his colleagues want to investi-gate what the ethanol content of fallen fruit might be, and fi nd out whether apes, such as chim-panzees or gorillas, are willing to consume fermented fruit withvarying levels of ethanol.

We also want to look at otherenzymes involved in alcohol metabolism, to see if theyre co-evolving with ADH4 at the sametime, Carrigan said.

Th e scientists detailed their fi ndings in the journal Proceed-ings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Heavy Drinking May Leave You Tipsy For YearsBy Lauren Cox

Wobbly walking and clum-sy moves are classic signs that someones been drinking, and a new study suggests balance problems can affl ict heavy drink-ers for years aft er they sober up.

Researchers at Neurobehav-ioral Research Inc., in Honolulu, compared the balance abilities and gaits of diagnosed alcoholics who had been sober for several weeks, those who had been so-ber for an average of seven years, and people with no history of al-cohol dependence.

Each participant was put through a three-part test simi-lar to the things that might be done in fi eld sobriety tests, said Dr. George Fein, principal investigator for the study pub-lished in the journal in Alcohol-ism: Clinical and Experimental Research.

Th e volunteers were fi rst screened for recent drug and al-cohol use, then asked to perform a series of balance tests such as standing heel-to-toe with their arms folded across the chest for

60 seconds, stand-ing on one leg, or walking along a line. Each test was repeated with the volunteers eyes closed.

Of the more than 200 volunteers, the 70 recently sober ones who had not had alcohol for six to 15 weeks performed the worst. But in tasks with their eyes closed, the 82 long-sober volunteers

also performed noticeably worse than the 52 people who had nev-er been alcoholics.

Th eres an 80 to 90 percent recovery, but theres still some residual eff ects, said Fein, the senior scientist and lab director at the company.

Alcohols eff ects on the brainBalance problems are com-

monly seen among the recently sober in detoxifi cationcenters.

In the fi rst year of recovery, generally, more minor accidents occur than in the year preced-

ing, said Dr. Ken Th ompson, medical director at Caron Treat-ment Centers.

Addiction experts attribute this temporary ataxia, or lack of muscle coordination, to dam-age to the cerebellum in the brain, said Dr. Kevin P. Hill, psy-chiatrist-in-charge at the Alco-hol and Drug Abuse Treatment Center at McLean Hospital in Belmont, Mass.

Until now, balance problems that continue for years aft er so-briety have usually been noted only in extreme cases, such as in people whose alcohol abuse led to a form of psychosis, said Fein.

What we have shown is that these [coordination] eff ects are present in alcoholics in the gen-eral population, Fein said.

Treating addictionsWhile the study implies there

is a point of no return where the brain cannot recover, Hill said the fi ndings underline the im-portance of viewing alcohol ad-diction as a disease.

A lot of people dont think about addictions as chronic medical illnesses, but they are in every way, Hill said, explaining

that alcohol addiction has a ge-netic link and long-term health eff ects.

Just as a person with diabetesmight ultimately develop loss of sensation and feeling in extremi-ties, people with alcohol addic-tion might permanently lose balance and coordination, Hill said.

Th ompson said improvementin many measures of coordi-nation and brain function will show up years aft er the start of sobriety. Th e fi ndings of bal-ance problems in long-term re-covering alcoholics might not be clinically signifi cant in the ma-jority of clients, he said.

Fein said researchers would have to keep track individuals through their sobriety years to show a stronger link between drinking and balance problems aft er their recovery.

From a safety viewpoint, Fein said his team would like to study the elderly, who are at most risk for health consequences aft er afall.

Pass it on: Years aft er sober-ing up, heavy drinkers may still suff er balance problems.


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