`

Maternal Diseases/Disorders and IVF Procedures

Jennifer Askren, Alahnah Butler, Maria Trisha Cruzada, Joseph Di Genova, and Christian FloresCalifornia Baptist University NUR 375 - Dr. Daroszewski

Clinical Research Question:• What correlation is there between maternal

diseases and disorders and IVF procedures?

Research Data SummaryResearch was conducted through the California Baptist University library databases including: Academic Search Premier, Alt Health Watch, CINHAL Complete, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, MEDLINE, OneSearch, and PubMed.

Summary The evidence collected was sufficient in answering the clinical question, which determines a correlation between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and maternal complication.

Evidence supports and shows a relationship between the effects of IVF on chronic maternal disorders which include hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease along with pregnancy complications that may arise including pre-eclampsia, development of placenta abruption, previa leading to preterm labor, induction of labor, emergency C-section, and increase occurrence of miscarriages and hemorrhage. Other studies also identified a correlation between reoccurrences in tubal ectopic pregnancy (TEP) and pregnancy induced maternal illnesses with participation in IVF. Women with increase levels of antithyroid antibodies and ovarian responses with IVF are predisposed to decrease rates of successful implantation and pregnancy. Increase incidence of postpartum depression was also determined in women who have participated in multiple IVF procedures.

Further evidence needs to be generated and evaluated in order to determine the reasons that IVF procedures may increase or decrease the occurrence and severity of maternal disease, disorders, and pregnancy complications. Therefore, additional research must be conducted to validate the evidence provided by current studies.

Table of Evidence Synthesis & Recommendations

BibliographyAuslender, R., Lavie, O., Riskin-Mashiah, S., & Segev, Y. (2011). Assisted reproductive technologies: Medical safety issues in the older women. Journal of

Women’s Health, 20(6), 853-861. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2010.2603

Barnes, M., Roiko, A., Reed, R., Williams, C., & Willcocks, K. (2012). Outcomesfor Women and Infants Following Assisted Conception: Implications for Perinatal

Education, Care, and Support. Journal Of Perinatal Education,

21(1), 18-23. doi:10.1891/10581243.21.1.18

Chen, H., Ge, H. S., Huang, J. Y., Lv, J. Q., Wu, X. M., Xi, H. T., Zhu, C. F. (2014). Chronic hepatitis b virus infection in women is not associated with IVF/ICSI

outcomes. Archives of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 289(1), 213-217. doi: 10.1007/s00404-013-2975-9

IVF and the Incidence of Breast Cancer Risk among Women. (2012). Fertility Weekly, 11-12.

Finnström, O., Källén, B., Lindam, A., Nilsson, E., Nygren, K., & Olausson, P. (2011). Maternal and child outcome after in vitro fertilization - a review of 25 years

of population-based data from Sweden. Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 90(5), 494-500. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0412.2011.01088.x

Fujiwara, T., Jwa, S. C., Kozuka, K., Sago, H. Suzuki, T., Taniguchi, K., Watanabe, N., & Yamanobe, Y. (2014). Is in vitro fertilization associated with

preeclampsia? A propensity score matched study. BMC Pregnancy & Children, 14(1), 1-12. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-14-69

Hammar, O., Roth, B., Bengtsson, M., Mandl, T., & Ohlsson, B. (2013). Autoantibodies and gastrointestinal symptoms in infertile women in relation to in vitro

fertilization. BMC Pregnancy And Childbirth, 13(1), 201. doi:10.1186/1471-2393-13-201

Hung Yu Ng, E. (2009). Adverse effects of excessive ovarian response on the pregnancy rate of in vitro fertilization treatment. Gynecological Endocrinology,

25(1), 2-7. doi:10.1080/09513590802296237

Jahangiri, F., Hirshfeld-Cytron, J., Goldman, K., Pavone, M., Gerber, S., & Klock, S. C. (2011). Correlation between depression, anxiety, and nausea and

vomiting during pregnancy in an in vitro fertilization population -- A pilot study . Journal Of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, 32(3), 113-118

Junichi, H., Shinji, I., Ryu, M., Kiyotake, I., Akihiko, S., & Takashi, O. (2011). Velamentous cord insertion caused by oblique implantation after in vitro fertilization

and embryo transfer. Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Research, 37(11), 1698-1701

Lee, S., Liu, L., Kuo, P., & Lee, M. (2011). Postpartum Depression and Correlated Factors in Women Who Received In Vitro Fertilization Treatment. Journal Of

Midwifery & Women's Health, 56(4), 347-352. doi:10.1111/j.1542-2011.2011.00033.x

Medel, J., Mateo, S., Conde, C., Cabistany Esqué, A., & Ríos Mitchell, M. (2010). Spontaneous uterine rupture caused by placenta percreta at 18 weeks'

gestation after in vitro fertilization. Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Research, 36(1), 170-173

Pelzer, E. S., Allan, J. A., Waterhouse, M. A., Ross, T., Beagley, K. W., & Knox, C. L. (2013). Microorganisms within Human Follicular Fluid: Effects on IVF. Plos

ONE, 8(3), 1-10. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0059062

Weigert, M., Gruber, D., Pernicka, E., Bauer, P., & Feichtinger, W. (2009). Previous tubal ectopic pregnancy raises the incidence of repeated ectopic pregnancies

in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer patients. Journal Of Assisted Reproduction And Genetics, 26(1), 13-17. doi:10.1007/s10815-008-9278-2

Winger, E. E., Reed, J. L., Ashoush, S., El-Toukhy, T., Ahuja, S., & Taranissi, M. (2011). Birth Defect Rates in Women Using Adalimumab (Humira®) to Treat

Immunologic-Based Infertility in IVF Patients. American Journal Of Reproductive Immunology, 66(3), 237-241. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0897.2011.00994.x

Zhong, Y., Ying, Y., Wu, H., Zhou, C., Xu, Y., Wang, Q., & ... Li, J. (2012). Relationship between antithyroid antibody and pregnancy outcome following in vitro

fertilization and embryo transfer. International Journal Of Medical Sciences, 9(2), 121-125.

Based on evidence gathered from the articles, there is evidence of a correlation between maternal disease/disorders and IVF treatment. The articles determined that current maternal diseases and previous complications are both factors leading to negative IVF and failed artificial implantation as treatment for infertility. Studies showed that IVF may lead to hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes, especially in women over 35. It may also cause preeclampsia, placenta abruption, and placenta previa, which lead to C-sections and preterm births. More research needs to be further conducted to determine how IVF may cause these complications in order to validate current research. Another article determined that one in four women who use IVF as an alternate means of conception when faced with infertility developed postpartum depression. The more cycles of treatment that a woman received resulted in a higher incidence of depression developing after an IVF procedure. More research should be done on the correlations between breast cancer and IVF. One article stated that there is no correlation, while another stated that women who receive IVF showed a decrease risk for breast cancer. In order to minimize the occurrence of negative IVF outcomes, interventions should be performed prior to the procedure to determine women at risk for complications and actions must also be done to improve artificial reproductive technology including IVF.