s3.amazonaws.com€¦ · Web viewLiberal and humane values are neither revealed truths nor natural habits. Devotion to human dignity and freedom, equal rights, justice, the rule

Dr. Nermien Ismail American SchoolDepartment of History and Social Sciences

We not only teach, we inspire

1 Our mission is to accelerate the development of student’s mind, body and spirit. We will provide them with a quality dynamic education using modern methodology and up –to –date technology amongst other methods. Students will receive an education that promotes creative life-long learners and global citizens, preparing them to become tomorrow’s leaders in a challenging world.



SOCIAL SCINECES EDUCATIONLiberal and humane values are neither revealed truths nor natural habits. Devotion to human dignity and freedom, equal rights, justice, the rule of law, civility and truth, tolerance of diversity, mutual assistance, personal and civic responsibility, self-restraint and self-respect–all these must be taught and learned and practiced. They cannot be taken for granted or regarded as merely one set of options against which any other may be accepted as equally worthy. Social Studies education can be defined as the study of people and their relationships with their social, physical and technological environments. The study of those relationships becomes most relevant when students are encouraged to make connections to their own lives, as they explore and apply knowledge, skills, thinking processes and values.

PROGRAM GOALSThe general goals of Social Studies education are:

to develop students' knowledge of concepts, generalizations and theories so that they are able to make reflective decisions and participate in society as responsible citizens;

to develop students' thinking, inquiry, academic and group skills; to develop students' attitudes and values regarding human dignity, equality

and diversity, and to enhance their ability to take action consistent with those attitudes and values;

to develop students' critical understanding of events of the past and present as they affect the future, and to help them recognize that they have the opportunity to shape their future,

to develop students' perspectives on their own lives, so that they recognize themselves as members of the larger society (local, national, global).

GRADE 9 COURSE DESCRIPTIONIn grade 9, students will address standards that emphasize physical and political geography and explain the five major concepts of geography: location, place, human interaction with the environment, movement, and regions. Students will analyze the concept of place refers to the physical and man-made characteristics of




a place such as a town or city. The course studies the human, interaction with the environment and explains the many ways in which people have adapted to their surroundings or altered them for economic reasons. Students will analyze the movement of people, goods, and ideas in comparison to the shifts of climates and living situations. The course explains region, refers to ways of categorizing areas of the earth, such as by climate. The course also studies events and people that affected change in the history of Egypt, and reflectively the history of the world. Students analyze events occurred in Coptic Orthodox and Islamic Medieval Egypt eras to Early Modern and contemporary Egypt. Students develop their critical thinking abilities by considering why events took place, when did they develop, and what was their outcome.

COURSE REQUIREMENTSATTENDANCE

(100%)We at NIAS require 100% attendance. Student with perfect attendance (no tardies) will receive bonus marks added to their final course grade. Teacher will take roll at the beginning of class and will not recheck roll at the end of class. You must be present when the roll is checked to be considered for perfect attendance

ATHLETE STUDENTS

Athlete students may be absent, during their practice and or tournaments, should they do so the department requires a full schedule of their upcoming sports practice and or tournaments. The department will only grant athlete students attendance marks (12, 5%). It is the student responsibility to submit assignments and or projects (on time) in order to be considered for class work, homework, participation marks. Tests and quizzes marks will not be rewarded until the student sits for them. The department reserves the right to assign extra credit assignments for athlete students or not.

QUIZZES & TESTS

You will be given a quiz every week (8 Quizzes a Quarter), chapter test and a unit test and final quarter exam each quarter. Student may drop two quiz grades. Each quiz will be administered according to your teacher’s instructions

FULL CLASSPARTICIPATION

For each class period you should answer the class participation questions and exercises assigned for that date. Teacher will call on you at random, multiple times throughout the term to answer the questions. You must be able to explain your answer, not just read it. Teacher will keep track of your responses using a 5-point scale, as follows:

5, Quality answer 3, Poor response, but at least you made it to class.




0, Unable to respond.Your grade will be based on your total accumulated points out of the total possible points for the number of times I called on you. If you are absent on a day that I call on you, you will receive a zero for that day.

CLASS PROJECTS

For each quarter you should participate in 2 class projects, you will be divided into groups; each group will choose a project from a list offered. If you are absent on that day, you will lose the privilege of participating in the class project; therefore lose the points. Further instructions will be given as to the nature, rules, due date, and explanation of the project

HOME WORK There are 24 homework assignments per quarter. You may drop 2 homework grades; therefore, your homework grade will be based on 22 homework grades. Your homework must be delivered on due date as assigned by your teacher. Homework must be handed- in according to the format assigned by your teacher. Each home work should be turned in on a time, and on the due date. Homework is graded based on effort, not accuracy. Therefore, if you will complete each assignment in its entirety, you will receive a homework grade of 100 regardless of the number of errors. No late homework will be accepted.

HONOR CODE We at NIAS, take the honor code very seriously. All work represented as individually yours should be completed solely by you. This means no collaboration with any other breathing source, other than yourselves, unless the assignment is designated as a group project. This also means no plagiarism. For this purpose, we define plagiarism as copying material directly from any other source without giving proper reference. Violations of the Honor Code will result in an “F” in the course.

GROUP WORK One the goals of the Department’s core curriculum, is to help develop your team work skills. You shall be required to work with other classmates on several projects. Group members will change according to the assignment. It is your responsibility to work with your group members in developing work schedules and completing the assignment.

ASSESSMENT Weekly oral and written quizzesHome work assignmentsChapter and unit tests




4 quarter exams2 semester exams2 projects per quarter

GRADING Tests/Quizzes 25%Projects/Filed Trips 25%Participation/Attendance 25%Class Work/Homework 25% __________Total 100%

SEMESTER TWO COURSE OUTLINE Dates Below are subject to change

SEMESTER TWO - QUARTER THREE Week Day one Day two Day three RemarksOne

Feb. 12Feb. 16

Introduction to the Ottoman EmpireHomework

The Ottoman in EgyptHomework:

The Ottoman in EgyptQuizHomework:

TwoFeb. 19Feb. 23

Napoleon in EgyptHomework

Napoleon in EgyptHomework

Napoleon in EgyptHomeworkQuiz

ThreeFeb. 26March,

01

Mohamed Ali PashaHomework

Mohamed Ali PashaHome work

Mohamed Ali Pasha QuizHomework

Mosque of Mohamed Ali Field Trip

FourMarch,

04March,

08

Early Modern History of Egypt IntroductionHomework

Abbas Pasha the first and Saieed PashaHomework

Ismail Pasha (Khedive) QuizHomework

Cairo Marriott Field Trip

FiveMarch,

Suez Canal Homework

Skit” Trial of Century”

Skit “Trial of the Rehearsals




11March,

15

Hand Outs

SixMarch,

18March,

22

Trial of the Century RehearsalsHomework

Trial of the Century Rehearsals

Rehearsals

SevenMarch,

25March,

29

Suez CanalHomework

Ahmed Urabi PashaHomework

Ahmed UrabiQuizHomework

Field Trip to Abdien Palace

EightApril, 01April, 05

First Sultans Tawfik and Abbas II PashasPasha First SultanHomework

The Brits are hereHomeworkSultan Hussien Kamel and Fuad the firstHomework

The Brits are hereHomeworkKing Farouk Quiz

NineApril, 06April, 12

Egypt becomes a British colony

Review Midterm Exam

SEMESTER TWO - QUARTER FOUROne

April, 15April, 19

People in our historyRefa;a EltahtawiHomework

Ali Mubarak and Qasim AminHomework

Saad Zaghlool Zaeim AlummahQuizHomework

TwoApril, 22April, 26

Saad Zaghlool Zaiem AlummahHomework

Egypt’s first revolution1919Homework

Mohammad Farid and Mostafa KamelHomework

ThreeApril, 29May, 03

Mostafa Elnahas and Talaat Harb. Fathers of the modern Egyptian EconomyHomework

Makram Obayed Homework

Safyeah Zaghloul- mother of all the EgyptiansHomework

FourMay, 60May,

17

Project Project Project

FiveMay, 13May, 17

Huda Sharawi Homework

Nabaweyah Mousa and Dorreyah shafiekHomework

Difference between a revolution and a coup De Ta Quiz




SixMay, 20May, 24

The Military Coup of 1952 Homework

Cause and Effect of the CoupHomework

Nasser for PresidentQuiz

SevenMay, 26May, 31

The 1956 AttackHomework

Against all oddsHomework

Sadat for PresidentQuiz

EightJune, 03June, 07

The 1973 WarHomework

Murdered on his victory dayHomework

Nine June, 09June, 12

Review Project Day View Project Day View Continues

The MamluksKeu Terms

Mamluk Handsomely Elite Imperial

Guard Enviable Infancy Soldiering Merchant Hulagu Ain Jalut

What Does Mamluk mean? If we translate the word into its origin which Arabic, it would mean a slave or someone who is owned by someone else. Mamluks, although slaves,they were usually paid, very well, for their services. Indeed, a Mamluk's service as a soldier and member of an elite unit or as an imperial guard was an enviable first step in a career that opened to him the possibility of occupying the highest offices in the state. Mamluk training was not restricted to military matters and often included languages and literary and administrative skills. Looking back we will find that Mamluks were not of Arabic origin, they were trained from infancy on different professions such as soldiering which was the highest paid job, languages, music, arts, and administration. Mamluks were trained to serve whoever paid the right price.




MAMLUK PERIOD IN EGYPT: After the death of ShaJarat Al Durr and her husband Aybak, Egypt was left with no ruler therefore the Mamluks installed the vice Sultan Sief Aldien Kutuz as the new Sultan of Egypt and by doing so they started the Mamluk dynasty in Egypt. Who was Kutuz?

Sief Aldien KutuzHIS ORIGINSCaptured by the Mongols and sold as a slave, he ended up in Syria where he was sold to an Egyptian slave merchant who then sold him to Aybak, the Mamluk. Although Qutuz's reign was short, he is one of the most popular Mamluk sultans in the Islamic world. When Egypt became the first target in the Mongol Hulagu's schedule and four messengers from Hulagu arrived at Cairo with a threatening letter urging Qutuz to surrender and submit to the king of the kings the great Khan Hulagu, Qutuz tore Hulagu's letter and assembled the Emirs and together they decided to execute the messengers of Hulagu. The messengers were cut in two and their heads were mounted on Bab Zuweila gate in Cairo. Qutuz decided to go to the Mongols and fight them far away from Egypt instead of waiting for them. Calls on Egyptians to defend Egypt and Islam were loudly echoed all over Egypt. Qutuz ordered Baibars to lead a force to Gaza to observe the Mongols there. Baibars

arrived to Gaza and defeated a Mongol force. After spending a day in Gaza, Qutuz led his army along the coast towards Acre, a remnant of the Kingdom of Jerusalem Crusader state. The army camped three days outside Acre. Baibars was ordered again to attack the Mongols in Ain Jalut where he annihilated them. His Murder On his way back to Cairo, Qutuz was assassinated in Al-Salihiyya. According to both modern and medieval Muslim historians Baibars was involved in the assassination.




Mamluk Dynasties - Bahari (River) DynastyKEY TERMS

Mongols Capture Launch Houlagou Genghis khan Possession Rebel Minister Elaborate Agonizing Fortification Efficient Merchants Propose Hereditary

Named for their barracks on Roda Island, the Bahri Mamluks defended the Islamic empire against the Mongols, who in 1258 swept through Persia and captured Baghdad, massacring the caliph and nearly all his family. In 1260, they took Aleppo and Damascus and were launching attacks into the rest of Syria. The Mamluks were successful in keeping the Mongols out of Egypt. Hulagu, the grandson of Genghis Khan had made the blood run in the streets of Damascus. Hulagu sent a letter by way of four ambassadors to Sultan Mustafa Kutuz telling him that there was no escape from the Mongol forces. Kutuz had all of the ambassadors killed and their heads hung up on the Bab Zuweila. At the end of the year 1260, the Egyptian Mamluk General Zahir Baybars defeated the Mongols at Ayn Jalut (Goliath's spring), handing the Asians their first defeat. When their Syrian possessions rebelled, the Mongols retreated to Anatolia. After his return to Cairo, the victorious General Baybars had the current sultan murdered. He then took control of the Citadel and continued fighting the Mongols in Syria and beat them twice. He ruled Cairo for seventeen years and his courts were very elaborate and rich. All of his ministers and employees were paid very good salaries and many had to be in attendance whenever he was holding court. Any of Baybars emirs would have gladly killed him if they had been given the chance.


Alzaher Baybars



However, Baybars loved to be in several places at the same time and so no one was ever quite certain when he would show up and where. This pretty much stopped any plans to get rid of him. His Death: Baybars died when he was fifty years old. He had intended to poison Malik Kaher, who was a rival prince. Baybars had poisoned Kaher's drink, but Kaher cleverly switched their glasses. It took thirteen days for Baybars to die an agonizing death. After Baybars death, his sons were quickly was deposed and one of Baybars generals, Qalawun was elected as sultan.

His Accomplishments: He did rebuild the canals, fortifications and shipyards in Egypt, which were all essential to the public works and the efficient functioning. Because Baybars was so successful abroad, Egypt prospered and so did its people, especially his partners. He installed the Abbasid Prince al-Mustansir as caliph at Cairo, thereby moving the Sunni religious center to Egypt and gaining control of the Hejaz and Mecca. Mamluks were trained killers; the throne of Egypt was not hereditary but was passed on through murder and deceit. The Bahary Mamluks were in constant war with Burjy Mamluks, the Egyptians were caught in middle, Mamluks treated Egyptians badly but Egyptians being smart merchants did not mind because the Mamluks expanded Egyptian trade routes and Egyptians were prospering. The conflict between the Bahri and Burjy Mamluks continued until the Burjy Mamluks were able to cease the throne of Egypt and rule the country.

ACHEIVMENTS OF THE BHARI MAMLUKS 1. The Defeat of the Mongols2. Rebuild the canals3. The fortification of the shipyards 4. The control of Hejaz and Mecca 5. The expansion of the Egyptian trade routs 6. Great building projects such as the mausoleum of Shajarat Al Durr7. Many mosques and the first Islamic School in the world (Madrasa)

Burjy (Tower) Mamluk Dynasty




From the Citadel tower, the Burjy Mamluks ruled Egypt for the next 135 years, but their reign proved even more bloody and unstable than that of the Bahri. They were also called the Circassia Mamluks since most of them came from Caucasus. The period of their rule is said to have been the darkest points in Egyptian history. Even from the beginning of Barkuq, who was the first Burjy Mamluk, Cairo began to be like a dog eat dog world. The

Mamluk soldiers from Greek, Turkish, Circassia and Tartar killed each other every day in the streets of Cairo. No one was safe, especially the women. The Circassia’s had a special taste for rape and murder. All of Barkuq's soldiers were bought sometimes in groups of five thousand. He would send them out in the country to stop revolts and they had free reign. The results were always unbelievable. To help defend Syria from a new Mongol incursion under Timor-I Lang (Tamerlane), they assessed oppressive taxes. By 1403, famine and plague had combined to undermine the economy. One of the most important Burjy Mamluks was Qait BayAl-Ashraf Sayf al-Din Qa'it Bay was the eighteenth Burjy Mamluk sultan of Egypt from (AD 1468-1496). He was Circassia by birth, and was purchased by the ninth sultan Barsbay before being freed by the eleventh sultan during his reign he stabilized the Mamluk state and economy, consolidated the northern boundaries of the Sultanate with the Ottoman Empire, and emerged as a great patron of art and architecture. He is best remembered for the spectacular building projects that he sponsored, leaving his mark as an architectural patron on Mecca, Medina, Jerusalem, Damascus, Aleppo, Alexandria, and every quarter of Cairo

ACHIEVMENTS


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barsbay

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamluk

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burji_dynasty

http://www.touregypt.net/hbahrima.htm



Qaitbay's reign has traditionally been seen as the "happy culmination" of the Burjy Mamluk dynasty. It was a period of stability, military success, and prosperity, Qaitbay's was admired as a defender of traditional Mamluk values. Following Qaitbay's death, the Mamluks descended into succession crisis lasting for five years until the accession of Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri. Today Qaitbay is perhaps best known for his wide-ranging architectural projects, At least 230 monuments some of which have survived. In Egypt, Qaitbay's buildings were to be found throughout Cairo, as well as in

Alexandria and Rosetta; in Syria he built projects in Aleppo and Damascus; in addition, he built madrasas in Jerusalem and Gaza, which still stand. On the Arabian Peninsula, Qaitbay ordered the restoration of mosques and the construction of madrasas, fountains and hostels in Mecca and Medina. After a serious fire struck the Mosque of the Prophet in Medina in 1481, the building, including the Tomb of the Prophet, was extensively renewed upon his orders. The Mamluks were facing another threat, not from each other but from a new empire, the Ottoman Empire and their head was Sultan Selim the First. The Mamluks rule of Egypt was coming to an end

but they were not prepared to leave the country that transformed them from slaves to rulers so they went into their final battle.

Work Sheet (1)Name: _________________________________________ Class: ______ Date: ________________

Answer the following:


Fort Qait Bay in Alexandria

Qait Bay Mosque in Cairo

Sabil Kuttab of Qait Bay in Cairo



1. Who was the first Mamluk to Rule Egypt and what were his achievments? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Why were the Bahari Mamluks known as Bahari and who was the first Bahari Mamluk? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What caused the battle of Goliath Spring and who led the Egyptian forces during the battle? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. How long did Baibars rule for and how did he avoid being murdered during this period of time?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Describe Baibars court life and how did he die? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Who was Barqouq and how did he come to power? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Describe life in Egypt during the Burjy Mamluks period? ______________________________________________________________________________




___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Who was Qait Bay and how did he come to power? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. List some of the Burjy Mamluks accomplishments ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


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s3.amazonaws.com€¦ · Web viewLiberal and humane values are neither revealed truths nor natural habits. Devotion to human dignity and freedom, equal rights, justice, the rule