Safe Oper ating Pr ocedur es - Oil India · 5. Inst all casing to rig volt age monitor: Check volt age between rig, casing and cable armor . If any voltage exceeds 0.25 volt, investigate

1Safe Operating Procedures – Oil India Ltd.

Well-logging

OIL INDIA LIMITED

Safe Operating Procedures

Volume - I

Section - 7

WELL LOGGING ACTIVITIES


Well-logging

VOLUME - I SECTION - 7

WELL - LOGGING ACTIVITIES

CONTENTS

SL. NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.

1.0 Introduction...................................................................................................... 1

2.0 Safe Operating Procedure ............................................................................. 1

3.0 General Safety Requirement .......................................................................... 1

4.0 Storage, Transportation & Safe Handling of Explosive Mateials .................... 2

5.0 Radiological Safety Aspects in Well Logging ................................................. 9

6.0 Wireline Rig-up / Logging Operations ............................................................ 12

7.0 Safety at Logging Base .................................................................................. 18

8.0 Safety with Pressure Control Equipment ...................................................... 19

9.0 Safety During Fishing Operations ................................................................. 20

10.0 Precautions against Fire................................................................................. 15

11.0 Precautions against Accidents....................................................................... 16

12.0 Hazardous area.............................................................................................. 17

13.0 Safe distance................................................................................................. 18

14.0 Gas Flare System.......................................................................................... 18

15.0 PPE and Non Sparking Tools......................................................................... 18


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LOGGING OPERATIONS

1.0. INTRODUCTION

Once a well is drilled in an oilfield, it is necessary to collect information about characteristics

of the formations, location and thickness of hydrocarbon bearing sands, type and nature of

Hydrocarbon deposits etc. Well Logging tools are lowered by wireline or otherwise into the

well to collect the same.

Wireline Well Logging operations involve handling of surface equipment, heavy down hole

tools, various kinds of explosives and radioactive sources at the bases or at the drill sites on

a regular basis

Physical activities involving the use of machinery, tools, electrical and mechanical equipment,

radioactive & explosive material are potentially hazardous and highly risk prone, Safety is of

utmost importance in handling the above materials.

All the explosive materials and radioactive sources are dangerous and must be handled

with great care. All the users must know and follow all approved safety procedures. World

over, logging companies have formulated safety rules to ensure safety of personnel during

logging operations including handling of hazardous goods without violating the statutory

regulations.

2.0 SAFE OPERATING PROCEDURE

The scope of these procedures lies in the following activities

1) Wireline Well Logging Operations.

2) Perforation using wireline.

3) Wire line Bridge plug/packer/cement retainer setting.

4) Puncture/cutting/severing of casing, drill pipes & collars, tubing etc.

5) Side wall coring.

6) Free point Indicator/String shot of explosives.

7) Storage, transportation & safe handling of explosives.

8) Radioactive logging operations like density, neutron etc.

9) Storage, transportation & safe handling of radioactive materials.

10) Disposal/liquidation of non-usable explosives and radioactive materials.

The sole purpose of these procedures, is to prevent accidents resulting in the loss of human

life, property and environment.

3.0 GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENT

The quality of equipment, timely inspection and appropriate repair/maintenance play a major

role in safety management. However, the human factor plays the most vital role as most of

the accidents are caused due to human errors. :

KEYS TO SAFETY :

1 ) Safe and healthy working conditions.

2) Safe and proper equipment.

3) Safe transportation of equipment and personnel to the well-site.


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4) Safe operating procedures.

5) Emergency / Disaster handling / contingency plans,

6) Proper training.

7) Compliance with safety regulations.

8) Company-wide commitment to safety.

9) Periodic safety audits / Surprise checks,

4.0 STORAGE, TRANSPORTATION & SAFE HANDLING OF EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS

4.1 GENERAL

1) Know and obey all local, national and international regulations and warnings about the

explosives in use.

2) Never let any unauthorized person/employee to handle explosives.

4.2 GUN LOADING AT SHOP

1) Shop must have a fixed gun loading area and limited storage of associated explosives

with suitable security arrangement.

2) Head of Logging Services (Base) must make sure that the loading area meets all

local, state, national and international statutory requirements.

3) Display “EXPLOSIVES” and “NO SMOKING AREA” signs in local, Hindi and English

languages prominently.

4) While handling in shop

• Do not subject explosives to blow (shock) or confining pressure.

• Do not subject explosives to heat.

• Primary and secondary explosives shall be stored separately.

5) Keep away unauthorized people.

6) Gun loading area must be well lit.

7) Load the gun with as few people as possible.

8) Clean the area after loading the gun. Return all the scrap material to Magazine.

4.3 FIELD OPERATIONS

Follow safety procedures of this section for all services that use tools containing electrically

fired detonators, such as : -

- Perforating guns/strips

- Side wall core guns

- Bridge Plugs and packers

- Chemical/Jet cutters

- Dump bailers

- Back-off shots


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- Pipe Severing tools

- Junk shots etc.

4.3.1 Pre-departure Check

1) Cheek that all equipment/carrying cases that contain explosives are properly labeled

with appropriate warnings on them. Safety Tube, Explosives Remnant Box, casing to

Rig Voltage Monitor, Safety meter for testing detonators and Safety grounding device

of Truck/Unit with C - Clamp must be loaded before departure to the field.

2) Following Warning/Sign Boards in Hindi, English and Regional language must be taken

to field for display.

- ‘DANGER ZONE, EXPLOSIVES IN USE’.

- ‘TURN OFF ALL RADIOS AND MOBILE PHONES’.

- ‘TURN OFF ALL GENERATORS’.

- ‘TURN OFF ALL WELDING MACHINES’.

4.3.2 Arrival at Well Site

1. Look out for hazards in and around well site/workover/mast. Correct it.

2. Hold Safety meeting with Drilling Engineer/Supervisor/Production Engineer.

3. Cheek all Safety Equipment. Organize them.

4. Display Warning signs in Hindi, Local Language and English. One at the site and one

at each entrance to the site.

5. Get all the Arc/gas Welding Machines and cathodic protection equipment off.

6. Get Radio Transmitters/Receivers mobile phones and all generators turned off within

300 m. of work area well before arming the explosive device and shall remain switched

off till the device is 200m. down inside the well.

7. Power connection to Sucker Rod Pump within 30 m. from Well Head must be switched

off.

8. If the work area, has high tension line running over or underground, power has to be

disconnected.

9. If a large transmitter (radio or television) exists within 4 km. from the site, it must be

ensured that the same is switched off.

10. In case transmitter (radio or television) can not be switched off in such case Radio

frequency protected detonator (like RED) must be used.

11. Look for the possibility of thunder stormlsand storm. If such a case, suspend operation

till it subsides.

12. All open fires must be put off.

13. Cheek for BOP testing, working of cat line and clear parking/working place in front of

rig/mast/workover.

14. Ensure that the hole is completely filled with completion fluid except in cases of under

balance perforations.


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4.3.3 Gun Loading

1. Mark the area for gun make-up.

2. Do not allow any unauthorized person in the area.

3. Do not allow smoking in work area. Display ‘NO SMOKING ZONE’.

4. Follow procedures discussed for gun loading at shop.

5. Do not install detonators in gun loading area. Connection of ignitors/detonators is to

be carried out only just before lowering in the well.

6. Cheek gun wiring continuity and insulation, with an approved blasting galvanometer/

blasting multimeter only.

7. Do not attach gun firing head to guns stored in the racks.

8. Store loaded guns neatly on racks at a safe distance from arming area, out of, line of

fire. Direct the charge path towards the least inhabited area.

9. Keep all magazines locked. Keep an accurate count of all explosives and loaded

guns.

10. Put excess orjunk explosives in the appropriate remnant boxes. Keep these boxes

closed and locked. Never mix primary high explosives with other explosives.

4.3.4 Rigging-Up

1. The perforating unit must not have an open face electric heater.

2. W atch out for open ended (exposed) electrical wiring at site near work area or inside

unit before connecting the gun head to cable. If any, remove or disconnect it.

3. Be sure of wireline to equipment grounding. Following must be checked.

- Logging computer or panel rack properly grounded to unit chassis.

- Auxiliary generator, if used, grounded to unit chassis with heavy cable.

- All metallic structures that might touch logging cable, grounded together to the logging unit.

4. Remove any rig wiring guidelines etc. that could touch the logging cable.

5. Install casing to rig voltage monitor: Check voltage between rig, casing and cable armor. If

any voltage exceeds 0.25 volt, investigate the cause. Eliminate before proceeding. The

voltage level must be less than 0.25 volt. Use Rig Voltage monitor regularly for this purpose.

6. When residual voltage is less than 0.25 volt install safety grounding cable between unit/

truck to rig and casings. Leave the voltage monitor connected between rig and casing.

W atch the meter during whole operation.

7. Check cable insulation and continuity with approved meters only. Discharge the cable after

insulation check.

8. The engineer performing hot check/CCL check shall have full view of the gun assembly.

9. Once again check for all safety warnings points that welding, Cathodic protection equip-

ment, high tension lines, radio, T.V., transmitter are turned off in and around the work area.

10. After confirming the above cheeks turn off A/C generators. Engage the safety lock to “SAFE”

position in the perforating panel and remove the key. The key should be in the personal

custody of Logging In-charge at the site, All safety measures inside the unit at this juncture

should be rechecked.


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11. Clear non-essential personnel out of the logging unit. No one should be allowed to enter the

logging unit till the explosive device is lowered in the well.

12. Check again the voltage in casing to rig voltage monitor. It should be less than 0.25 volt.

13. Clear all non-essential personnel from the Cat-walk. Bring the explosive device/charged

gun at Cat-Walk. Keep all personnel out of line of fire.

14. Before attaching the explosive device, short the central conductor of cable head with cable

armor. In case of any spark, recheck with blasting galvanometer. No stray voltage should

exist on central conductor of cable.

15. Attach the explosive device to the cable head. Safety key must be securely kept by Logging

in-charge at the site.

4.3.5 Arming the Device

1. Only the person “in-charge of Logging” at site must arm or disarm any explosive device.

2. Do not arm a device if a helicopter approaches.

3. Bring the detonator from detonator box in Safety tube near the explosive device. Never carry

Detonators loose in your pocket or tool box.

4. Test the detonator in Safety Tube with Approved Safety meter by removing shunt.

“DO NOT USE ANY KIND OF ELECTRICAL METER FOR THIS TEST.”

5. W ith detonator in Safety tube, arm the gun electrically. First connect the ground wire, then

connect central conductor of logging cable to the lead wire from detonator and insulate

them.

6. Take out detonator from Safety Tube. Cut excess detonating (prima) cord using wood block

and sharp edged cutter or prima cord cutter.

7. Push the detonator on to the detonating (prima) cord until it seats nicely or crimp it to detonating

cord using approved crimper. Fix the detonator at proper place in the explosive device.

8. Use hermetical sealing sleeve on exposed detonators.

9. Ensure that no pull on detonator lead wires is applied while putting hermetical sealing sleeve.

10. Run the device in the well at least 100 m. below ground level. Turn on safety switch and

restore AC power. Insert the cable jack to collar locator socket for depth tie-up.

11. The gun shall always be pulled out upto 100 m. below the well head, keeping cable to safe

position on shooting panel and observing full safety precautions.

4.3.6 Disarming the Device when rnisfired or armed Device pulled out due to held up.

1. Check cable position, it must be in “Safe” position.

2. Pull the device slowly (500 m.lhr.) till 100 m. below well head.

3. Switch off generators and apply circuit breakers.

4. Re-confirm closure of Rig generators.

5. Verify the easing to rig voltage monitor connection and its reading less than 0.25 volt. If a

helicopter /any Air craft at low altitude approaches keep the device in the well till it departs.

6. Inspect the gun for any hole or cracks in port plugs (in case explosive device is a gun).

Disarming of the device should be done by a competent person i.e. by the same person

who has armed it.


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7. Check carefully for trapped pressure inside the HSC gun while disassembling the device.

8. Remove detonating cord from detonator by cutting it. Put the detonator inside the HSC gun

while disassembling the device.

9. Disconnect central wire (live) of cable, from detonator first.

10. Disconnect ground connection of cable from detonator.

11. Short both wires of detonator and put it into Detonator remnant Box.

12. Disconnect gun from quick change assembly and check gun for any water entry.

13. Check cable continuity and insulation observing total safety.

4.4 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING PERFORATING & OTHER JOBS

1. Operations involving use of primary high explosives (Detonator, Booster) shall be undertaken

only during daylight hours.

2. Do not lubricate detonating cord prior to loading. Lubricants can desensitize booster powder

and cause misfires of perforating charges.

3. While charging, enough care should be taken so that the prima cord is not twisted to avoid

kinks or voids or air gaps.

4. Under no circumstances shall the prima cord be cut by metal contact.

5. Never join two incompatible prima cords, for example, RDX with HMX. As the detonating

velocities and pressures are different, it may lead to an improper detonation.

6. Handle loaded guns as smoothly as possible and avoid shocks. This is particularly important

when dealing with guns that have misfired and contain explosives that have been subjected

to high temperature for an extended period of time.

7. Charges and detonating cord exposed to well environment for one hour must not be re-

used.

8. If there is water entry in side the HSC gun. All such charges must be discarded. They should

never be re-used.

9. Use of detonating fuses immune to radio & electrical noises shall be preferred.

4.5 EXPLOSIVES STORAGE FACILITIES AND CONTAINERS ONSHORE

1. All storage facilities magazines and containers must meet all local and national regulation

and specific terms of any necessary permit(s).

2. The explosive type and amount determine the container or facility type. All the containers or

outside packaging carrying such containers must be marked with required information

including hazard warning labels.

3. Primary high explosive (detonators, some boosters) must be stored separately from

secondary high explosives, low explosive and flammable solids (power charges). The

separate storage can be separate containers or separate compartments. This above storage

requirement also applies for faulty or junk explosives with label “Not suitable for field use”.

4. The building for land storage of explosives must be completely separated from living and

work areas. The Explosives rules must be honored while constructing magazines. It must

be constructed way from radioactive source storage.


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5. Explosives storage facilities must be clearly marked with weather resistant signs in the

local, Hindi and English languages :

: DANGEROUS EXPLOSIVE

: NO SMOKING

: USE OF FIRE OR LIGHTNING DEVICES PROHIBITED.

6. Record keeping is necessary and mandatory as per explosives rules.

7. Never allow unauthorized personnel to enter magazines.

8. Magazine must be guarded for security purpose.

9. Magazine premises must be neat and clean for easy approach in case of any emergency.

10. Fire fighting facilities like water field pit, fire extinguisher etc. shall be available in the magazine

premises.

4.6 EXPLOSIVE TRANSPORT

1. International/national and local rules must be honored while transporting explosives.

2. Never transport primary and secondary high explosive in the same container or undivided

compartments of a container.

3. If permitted primary and secondary high explosives may be transported in the same van in

separate containers kept at least one meter distance apart. Use of original package is most

safe for transport.

4. The loose charges, detonating cord or detonators must be kept in their designated containers

and must be locked. End of detonating cord must be sealed to avoid spillage of powder.

5. All containers must be properly secured to prevent movement during transport.

6. No smoking during loading/unloading of explosives or near to explosive/explosive van.

7. Unless permitted, explosive and radioactive material must never be transported together.

8. Explosive must be the last items to load and the first items to unload.

4.7 ROAD TRANSPORT

1. Transportation of explosive must be done in a licensed/permitted vehicle/van.

2. Explosive van must have a physical barrier (fire proof screen between explosives and drivers

cabin).

3. The van must have approved fire extinguisher with enough capacity and first aid box.

4. Van must carry at least two reflective warning signals and have explosive warning label.

5. The van must have emergency contact telephone numbers boldly written on the driver’s

cabin.

6. Never carry explosive in the driver’s cabin/passenger area.

7. Only optimum nos. of detonators be taken to worksite (in any case not more than two

detonators per run.)

8. Unarmed, loaded guns must be carried only on racks or in tubes designed for the purpose

after they are properly secured/tied with racks/tubes.

9. Loaded guns with end protectors must not extend transporting vehicle body.


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10. Transporting vehicle must have explosive signs on its front and rear sides. The vehicle

must not be driven rashly or dangerously.

11. Explosive transporting vehicle must never be used to tow any other vehicle and vice versa.

12. Never stop vehicle transporting explosive at places where public security is endangered.

13. If explosives van is to be parked overnight due to reasons beyond control, the parking place

must be

a) Away form open flame, high tension line, radio/TV tower etc.

b) Away form habitation or any godown containing articles of flammable/hazardous goods.

c) Nearest police station must be informed about the location of vehicle parking.

14. At any unmanned railway crossing or highway crossing, the vehicle must be stopped till

safe clearance is available.

15. The original license/company authorization letter’s attested copy must be kept in the vehicle

while going for a job.

16. If fire occurs on a vehicle containing explosives, the driver must take steps to stop other

vehicles/traffic at least 300 m away on all sides of road and that all the persons are warned

of the danger.

17. In case of van carrying explosives is involved in accident or fire or other mishap, following

must be done.

a) Place warning signs for moving traffic at safe distance.

b) Inform local police.

c) Comply with legal requirements relating to road accidents.

d) Inform licensee, who intern, must inform Chief Controller of Explosives giving full details

of accident.

e) Stay with the vehicle (if it is not a fire case).

18. In case explosives to be transported by wireline logging truck

a) License (Prior permission) from competent authority must be obtained for transporting

explosives by wireline truck.

b) Follow all the guide lines of explosive transport by explosive van and general transport

rules while transporting explosives by wireline logging truck.

4.8 LIQUIDATION OR DISPOSAL

1. Segregate/sort-out non usable explosives (charges, prima cord and defective detonators).

2. Store defective/remnants of primary high explosives and secondary high explosives in

separate containers designated for each type of explosives in the magazine at a pre-defined

location away from good/usable storage area.

3. These explosives must be properly packed and marked “Not suitable for use”. The area of

disposable explosives must be marked “ Disposable explosives area”

4. A proper record of disposable explosives must be maintained at magazine in addition to that

at the base.


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5.0. RADIOLOGICAL SAFETY ASPECTS IN WELL LOGGING

5.1. STORAGE AT BASE

1. All radiation sources should be stored in properly shielded containers and appropriately

labeled indicating the source activity etc.

2. Storage facility should be in non- residential area with proper water proofing storage go-

down.

3. The source shall be stored in a storage area which is approved by BARC and radiation level

at the fence shall be limited to 2 m Rem/hr.

4. Sources must be kept in storage room under double locking system. ie area where all

sources and radiation materials are stored must carry the sign “CAUTION RADIATION

AREA.”

5.2. INVENTORY

1. Physical cheeks of serial numbers of shield (containers) and sources must be conducted

at regular intervals.

2. Proper records must be maintained at the base for the inventory of the radioactive materials

and their movement.

3. Status to be reported to BARC (in their prescribed Performa) once in every six months as

per AERB requirement.

5.3 TRANSPORTATION

Sources must be transported from the main storage area to sites in their original designated

in dependent shielded and approved transport containers with labels displayed in accordance

with the AERB transport regulation.

5.4 SAFETY PRECAUTION

1. The transport container must be made an integral part of the vehicle (logging unit). (Bolted/

fixed firmly by suitable means to the unit).

2. If transported in a separate vehicle other than logging unit, the containers must be chained

and locked to be an integral part of the vehicle until the sources are removed for use at the

well site or for storage at the location.

3. Radiation warning signals must be prominently displayed on the vehicle carrying the

radioactive sources.

4. Radioactive sources must always be the last item to be loaded on to the vehicle (just prior

to departure) from the main storage area and the first item to be unloaded from vehicle

imediately upon arrival at the base.

5. Physical security of the sources during the transport must be ensured at all times.

6. The driver of the vehicle carrying the sources must have clear instructions regarding the

steps to be taken in case of an emergency like road accident or fire during transportation.

Instruction card must be available in the vehicle.


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5.5 RADIATION MONITORING

1. Gamma radiation monitors should be used to measure radiation exposure due to gamma

rays.

2. There must be at least one calibrated radiation survey equipment for each type of radiation

in good working order.

5.6 AREA MONITORING

1. Area monitoring devices capable of monitoring radiation levels from 2 rnsv/hr. to 50 msv/hr

are to be used to assess radiation level at occupied areas and for general radiation survey

around installations.

5.7 MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE OF RADIATION WORKERS

1. All the radiation workers must wear the appropriate radiation monitoring badges and these

badges shall be checked quarterly by BARC and any follow up suggested by BARC should

be complied with.

2. Medical records of all radiation workers shall be maintained properly at each operational

base which will include medical and radiation exposure history, details of accidental exposure

if any and their periodic dose evaluation results.

5.8 LEAKAGE

Leakage in the radio-active sources may occur due to their exposure to the hostile down-

hole pressure and temperature.

1. Every source must be treated as a potential leaky source.

2. Physical inspection for checking cracks, ‘O’ ring damage etc. on the source capsule is

mandatory before every down-hole run of the source.

3. Contamination monitors to be used to perform the WIPE TEST of the same once in every

six months.

4. After use in hostile logging conditions the sources must be subjected to wipe test.

5. A source found leaky in wipe test must be withdrawn from use immediately and should be

sent to the original supplier for disposal with prior authorisation from BARC.

5.9 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

Emergency action is called for under the following situations

1. Well logging device falls into the well along with the radioactive source.

2. Source is lost or misplaced during storage or transportation.

3. Road accident or fire or explosion during transportation.

4. Fire or explosion in the well or drilling rig.

5 Leakage or rupture of the radioactive source or its container.

In any of the above emergency situations, BARC must be contacted immediately and the

procedures as advised by BARC must be strictly followed.

If a tool containing a source is lost in a well all efforts must be made to fish it out, failing which

sources are to be left in the well, sealed with a thick concrete plug. Guidelines regarding this may

be obtained from BARC. In case a radiation source is lost elsewhere or damaged BARC have to

be immediately informed, in no case, later than 24 hrs. from such occurrence.


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5.10 SAFE HANDLING

1. When a source is not in use, it must remain inside the locked carrying container. When a

source is in the tool, the carrying container must remain unlocked with the lead open.

2. All calibrators must be locked in the truck when not in use.

3. Before a source is removed from the source container for loading into the tool the following

procedure must be adopted

a) Well mouth must be covered

b) All non-essential personnel must be cleared form the rig floor area.

c) Appropriate signs and barriers shall be provided in the controlled work areas.

d) Source housing of the tool and all equipment necessary to the transfer must be checked

before hand to eliminate delay.

e) The sources must always be handled with recommended and remote handling tools with

minimum possible time.

f) For all collimated (directional) sources, the radiation should be directed away from the persons

transferring the sources and also from the persons present.

g) After inserting the source into the tool, all locking mechanism in the source holder of the tool

must be thoroughly activated and rechecked using approved locking pin wherever applicable.

h) Once the logging tool is loaded with the source, it should be lowered as soon as possible.

i) Under no circumstances is the tool with a source in place be handled directly with the hands

within one ft. of the source.

j) The well site in the vicinity of the operating area shall be surveyed when logging tools are

removed from the well and after the sources has been removed from the logging tools, to

ensure the source is back in the safe position.

5.11 ABANDONMENT PROCEDURE

Wells in which radioactive sources are abandoned, shall be mechanically equipped so as to

prevent either accidental or intentional mechanical disintegration of the radio-active source.

1. Sources abandoned in the bottom of the well shall be covered with a substantial standard

color dyed (red iron oxide) cement plug on top of which a whip stock or other approved

deflection device shall be set. The idea is to alert the re-entry operator prior to encountering

the source.

2. Upon abandoning the well in which a logging source has been cemented in place behind a

casing string above total depth, a standard colour dyed cement plug shall be placed opposite

the abandoned source and a ship stock or other approved deflection device placed on top of

the plug.

3. In unavoidable circumstances, when a logging source is to be abandoned in a producing

zone, a standard colour dyed cement plug must be set and a whip stock or other approved

deflection device placed above to direct the sidetrack atleast fifteen (15) feet away from the

source.

Upon permanent abandonment of any well in which a radioactive source is left in the hole, a

permanent plaque shall be attached in such a manner that re-entry can not be accomplished

without disturbing the plaque.


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6.0: WIRELINE RIG-UP/LOGGING OPERATIONS

6.1: RIG-UP EQUIPMENT CERTIFICATION

All load-bearing equipment used during wireline rig-up (and associated operations such as fishing

for logging or perforating equipment) requires certification and should be appropriately marked it

the same way as other lifting equipment.

This equipment included, but is not limited to, the following

1. Upper and lower sheave wheels.

2. Tie-down chain

3. Sheave hanger

4. Load cell (tension device)

5. Shackles

6. Safety slings

7. T-bar

6.2. SAFETY MEASURES

1. Only rig-up equipment that has been certified within the required interval of time is permitte

at the wellsite.

2. No item of rig-up equipment shall be issued or used unless it is of good construction, sound

material, adequate strength, and free from obvious defects.

3. All rig-up equipment tests and inspections must be done by competent personnel according

to recommendations of the manufactures.

4. Do not use new rig-up equipment until you have its certification in hand.

5. Each location must keep the details of all lifting equipment, including certificates, test result

and examination results in a register. This register must be available for inspection upon

request of an appropriate authority at any time.

6. Each location must have access to copies of relevant statutory or customer regulations

governing use, examination and testing of lifting equipment.

7. Each location must be able to show that its equipment complies with all relevant statutory

user regulations.

6.3: WIRELINE UNIT PLACEMENT

ONSHORE

1. Truck should be parked on a hard surface, atleast 25 m. away from the well head.

2. Winch drum should be aligned with centre of the well mouth.

6.4: RIG-UP EQUIPMENT USE, MAINTENANCE & STORAGE

1. Use rig-up equipment only for rig-up.

2. Do not load rig-up equipment beyond its marked safe working load. Safe working load should

be inscribed on the rig-up equipment.

3. All rig-up equipment must be regularly inspected and kept in good operating condition to

comply with manufacturers recommended schedule.


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4. Inspect each rig up equipment item for cracks and wear before and after each operation.

Replace damaged or badly worn equipment immediately.

5. Clean and grease (and repaint, if appropriate) equipment as soon as possible after each

operation to pre-vent corrosion.

6. No welding on any rig-up equipment is acceptable.

7. Calibrate the load cell at least yearly and mark it with the calibration date. Cheek the load cell

electrically and operationally before each operation.

8. Hydraulic fluid used in load measuring device must be as specified by OEM.

6.5. CHECK THE FOLLOWING SHEAVE WHEEL ITEMS

A) Correct for line size.

B) Wireline grooves within permissible limits.

C) Swivel operation and condition.

D) Bearing lubrication and operation.

E) Protection panel do not compromise sheave wheel strength.

F) Sheave guards strength.

G) Sheaves clean.

H) - Do not paint tie-down chains.

- Do not paint a sheave hanger.

- Never use a wire sling that has frayed kinked or broken wires.

- Never shorten a safety sling or a sling used for hanging the top sheave from the

derrick by knotting.

- Never join chains together with nuts and bolts .

- Use only proper lock pins, bolts and safety pins in shackles.

6.6. SAFETY AT THE WELLSITE

GENERAL

Always wear approved safety equipment:

- Hard hat

- Steel toed boots

- Eye and ear protection when needed

- Gloves

- Radiation monitoring badge

a) Keep loose clothing, rags, or any such objects away from moving parts, such as the winch

drum, depth counter and drive chains.

b) Always communicate and cooperate with other rig personnel for your safety as much as for

theirs.

c) Always notify the concerned representative of any abnormal operation particularly those

considered hazardous.


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d) Do not go onto the rig floor unless absolutely necessary and leave as soon as your work is

complete.

6.7 : WINCH OPERATION

1. Be sure the winch drum is fitted with a proper guard.

2. Assign only one person to signal the winch operator.

3. Only mutually agreed signaling procedure shall be adopted.

4. Always keep tension on the cable when putting cable in or out.

5. Do not overload the cable in the winch drum.

6. Keep the winch in gear, when lowering a tool.

7. Do not let personnel stand or work near the winch while it is moving

6.8 : LIFTING RIG UP EQUIPMENT TO THE RIG FLOOR

1. As far as possible, avoid carrying equipment to the rig floor by hand. Use cat lines or cranes.

2. If equipment is lifted manually, follow safe load lifting procedure. When carrying equipment,

be careful to avoid slippery surfaces and obstacles.

3. Logging personnel shall not operate cat lines or cranes.

4. Keep all non-essential personnel away from the lifting area before operation of the cat line.

5. Never walk or stand under a lifted load.

6. Never try to restrain a lifted load by hand.

7. Only one person to signal the cat line/crane operator. But the crane operator should comply

with a stop signal given by any person.

6. 9 : DRILL FLOOR SAFETY

1. Never use drill floor as a short cut to traverse from one area of the well site to another area.

2. Always wear your hard hat. Be vigilant on possible failing tools, mud and other objects.

3. Do not start operation until the derrick floor is clear of mud, oil or grease.

4. If derrick floor opening is unguarded, ask the driller to cover mouse holes, inspection holes,

etc.

5. Never touch wireline cable while it moves to avoid possible broken stands.

6. Never walk directly underneath or step over the wireline during logging.

7. Stay at a safe distance during operations of the pressure control equipment to avoid high

pressure hazardous.

8. Keep away by appropriate safe distance while opening blind rams to avoid trapped well

pressure.

6.10: SAFETY DURING WIRELINE RIG UP

1. Rig up must be started after completion of drill floor cleaning and removal of all drilling

equipment.

2. Hold a brief safety meeting before rig up.

3. Ensure clear visibility to lower sheave and well mouth from the logging unit.


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4. Be sure that well head is always covered.

5. Be sure that you can always see all rig floor activities clearly.

6. Keep clear of the well/borehole during opening blind rams.

7. Be sure the rig crew locks the rotary table before lowering wireline equipment and keep it

locked during the entire operation except during free point indicator or back up operation.

8. Ensure locking of traveling block swivel by the rig crew before the top sheave is positioned.

9. Use a suitable line wiper to avoid bringing mud up onto the drill floor.

10. Never attempt to clean a moving wireline by hand. Notify the driller before going under the rig

floor. When performing vertical make up always ensure good communications between the

unit and the rig floor.

6.11: LOWER-SHEAVE INSTALLATION

1. Secure the lower sheave to the rig with the tie-down chain or an equivalent device with an

approved safe working load.

2. Attached the tie-down chain’s shackle end to the lower sheave eye nut. Never attach the tie

down chain to the sheave handle, as this could cause serious damage to the sheave and

endanger personnel on the derrick floor.

3. Wrap the tie down chains hook end around a principle member of the rig structure and tie it

with a double nut. Secure the hook to the chain and tap it.

4. Do not attach the chain to the rig at both end of the chain such that the sheave wheel is

suspended at the middle of the chain. Any angle formed by the chain will reduce its strength.

5. Never double the tie down chain to shorten it. Tie extra knots if necessary.

6. Locate the tie down chain anchor point as nearly as possible in line between the logging unit

and the borehole centerline. This will bring the upper sheave, lower sheave and the logging

cable drum centre in the same vertical plane to minimize any cable tension lateral component.

7. The lower sheave position, with the logging tension applied to the cable should be such that

the cable between the upper and lower sheave, is close to vertical to minimize any cable

tension horizontal component on the upper sheave. Adjust the chain as necessary.

8. Ensure that ample room exists between the racked drill pipe and the lower sheave to work

safely If not ask for help to move tools safely through that opening.

9. If the logging unit is far from the drill floor or if a restriction exists on the height of the upper

sheave, load cell can be installed between the lower sheave and the tie down chain.

10. Secure all shackles with wire or locking clips to prevent pin loosening caused by shock or

vibration.

6.12: UPPER SHEAVE INSTALLATION

1. Suspend the upper sheave from the elevators by the sheave hanger. Normal installation is

with the load cell between the sheave hanger and the upper sheave.

2. Be sure the elevators are small enough to support the sheave hanger’s larger end on both

the shoulders.

3. Be sure that the traveling block swivel is locked.


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4. After the sheave-hanger installation, thread a wire rope through the elevator handles and tie

it to prevent accidental opening. Also thread a safety sling through the sheave-hanger eye

and the bails, and secure it with a shackle. This sling must be strong enough to support the

full weight of the cable if the elevators are open .

5. Always suspend the upper sheave by the clevis, not by the sheave handle. Check for smooth

rotation about the pivot.

6. After threading the logging head and cable, position the cable guides to prevent the cable

from jumping the sheave. Tighten the T-nut securely to prevent guide movement. Stop

operation, and reposition the guides, if they rub against the cable.

7. Secure all shackles with wire or locking clips to prevent pin loosening caused by shock or

vibration.

8. The logging in-charge must make a final check of upper sheave configuration and all safety

precautions taken before raising the sheave.

9. Clear all personnel away from both lower sheave and logging cable before starting to raise

the upper sheave.

10. Position the upper sheave as high as possible in the derrick for a safety margin when pulling

long tool strings out of the well.

11. Logging personnel should never climb up the rig mast for any rig up operations. It must be

done only by drilling personnel.

6.13: PICKING UP AND LAYING DOWN TOOLS

1. Assign one person to give signals to the winch operator.

2. Check any available intercom thoroughly before depending upon it for communications.

3. Protect the cable and cable head with a gooseneek .

4. Use a snubbing rope, if necessary, to ease logging tools gently up and over the V-door.

5. When raising tools, especially on the first trip, be alert for jerks as the tie down chain takes

the strain.

6.14: RIGGING DOWN

1. Before rigging down , clear the drill floor of all non-essential personnel.

2. To prevent damage to logging and load-cell cables wind them in as you lower the upper

sheave.

3. If you wind in the logging cable with the winch as you lower the upper sheave, secure the

logging head to the drill floor or hold it firmly to prevent it from being pulled onto the derrick.

Be sure that the winch man and driller can communicate easily.

4. Use cat line/service winch to rig down material from derrick floor to cat walk.

6.15: SAFETY DURING WIRELINE OPERATIONS GENERAL

1. A high standard of safety in wireline operations will be achieved when well-designed and

well-maintained logging and completion equipment is operated by well-managed and well-

trained personnel. Proper planning, efficient communication, and individual commitment at

all organization levels are vital elements for safe operations.


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2. During wireline operations, ensure that the number of drilling crew members on the rig floor

is kept to a minimum.

3. Whenever lowering or raising a wireline into or out of the well, check from the drill floor that

the well fluid is at the correct level.

4. It is recommended that the driller be advised to keep the blind rams closed before and after

each wireline run, when the wireline device is confirmed out of the hole. This prevents tools

or logging equipment from being inadvertently lost in the hole (This may not always be

possible for long strings requiring vertical make-up. In these cases, be sure to coordinate

closely with the driller to ensure that the rams are not closed on a sonde suspended by the

vertical make up plate.)

5. Ensure that the entire wireline crew is especially vigilant when a trainee engineer or operator,

or other new crew member, is introduced to working at the well site or on the drill floor.

6.16 :SURFACE EQUPMENT

1. In some panels, power is present any time when the AC power cord is plugged in, even if the

panel is not turned on.Disconnect the ac power cord or turn off power to the outlet it is

plugged into, when working inside surface panels.

2. Disconnect power to the rack and panel before attempting to check, service connect/

disconnect cables and fuses. Be extremely careful while working on the panel with the

power on.

3. Many of the circuit cards in the panels are sensitive to static electricity. Handle the cards by

the edges and avoid touching the edge connectors or circuitry. Wear anti-static band.

4. Remove power before changing printed circuit boards, to prevent short circuiting or integrated

circuit components.

5. Some panels have an open frame design which increases the possibility of personnel injury

and/or equipment damage. When the panel is not mounted in an equipment rack, be careful

to avoid contacting energized circuits or components, and shorting of internal parts by

dropping hand tools, wire, or other objects in the panel.

6. Be sure that the panel rack-mount screws and face plate are secure when traveling to or

from job.

7. The corners and front doors of some panels are sharp. Be careful while working around the

system panels, especially with the front door open.

DOWNHOLE TOOLS

General :

1. Avoid dropping or unnecessary rough handling of downhole equipment.

2. Do not lift heavy tools or tools section all by yourself. Get help. Observe proper techniques

for handling heavy equipment. Lift with load on your legs not your back. Be careful with your

fingers and toes.

3. Most electrical logging tools require electrical power. Because the voltages involved are

high, carelessness while using such tools can result in serious injury.

4. Avoid electrical shock by following these precautions:

i. Disconnect power to a tool before servicing the tool.

ii. W ork in a protected, clean uncluttered, dry area out of weather.


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iii. Do not work on wet floor or wet ground.

iv. Do not touch the tool during testing.

5. If it becomes necessary to work on the tool with the power on (testing electrical circuits

etc.), be sure to observe the following:

i. W ork in a protected, clean uncluttered, dry area out of weather.

ii. Do not work on wet floor or wet ground.

iii. Keep unauthorized personnel away from the work area.

iv. Do not touch the tool during testing.

v. Understand the ac power distribution in the tool and exercise necessary care, while

troubleshooting high voltage boards.

6. Avoid mechanical system hazards by following these precautions:

7. Keep all unauthorized personnel clear of the caliper arms.

8. Do not stand near the tools while closing the caliper arms. Never try to hold the arms open

to prevent closing.

9. Keep hands firm between caliper pads and calibration rings when calibrating the tool.

10. Most caliper tools use AC voitages. Remove all the power before handling a caliper tool.

11. Do not touch the tool during opening and closing of the caliper, if there is a defective circuitry

it will make the housing “live”.

12. The outer case of the pressure balance sonde is fiberglass and must be supported properly

to prevent flexing when the tool is lifted. Severe flexing could damage the sonde, the case,

or both.

13. Only trained and qualified personnel may install and remove the radioactive sources from

Logging Tools using RA sources. Plan activities involving the sources, to minimize personnel

exposure . Clear the area from unnecessary personnel.

14. When a source is installed in the tool, handle the tool as little as possible. Stay away from

the direction of collimation/exposure from the source/tool.

15. Any sample bought to the surface by formation tester may be under pressure and/or may

contain hydrogen suifide(H2S) gas. Only properly trained and equipped personnel should

retrieve samples.

16. Testing/Calibration & purging shall be done in the area designated for pressure testing of

equipments.

7.0: SAFETY AT LOGGING BASE

1 Do not place equipment, power cables, air hoses etc. where they will block walkways,

stairs, ladders, or access to safety appliances.

2. Keep waste, particularly combustible waste, in its container, not on the floor or work bench.

Pay particular attention to the material that tends to accumulate behind work benches or

underneath machinery.

3. Place containers for combustible Material well away from any combustion source (e.g.

welding equipment, electric motors etc.). Empty such containers daily.

4. Clean up oil and chemical spills immediately with saw-dust and detergent as required.


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5. Never leave a radioactive source in the workshop unattended. Always replace it in its carrying

shield and return it to the storage pit/magazine immediately after use or during breaks such

as holidays.

6. All pressure control equipment shall be periodically tested to their rated working pressure in

the designated area with proper baffling facility.

7. Temperature testing of downhole tools shall be carried out only in recommended oven in a

designated area.

8.0: SAFETY WITH PRESSURE CONTROL EQUIPMENT

Every operation performed against well pressure presents potential safety hazards. To ensure

safe and hazard free operations well-trained, experienced personnel and well maintained high

quality equipment are prerequisites for all pressure jobs. Wireline pressure control can be divided

into two categories:

1. Non-grease equipment may be used for low pressure cased-hole jobs or precautionary

pressure control in open-hole jobs.

2. Grease injection equipment must be used for all high pressure cased- hole jobs, especially

in high GOR / gas wells.

8.1: SAFETY MEASURES

1. All equipment including adapters, must be rated minimum 5000 psi working pressure.

2. In case of high pressure wells/extreme underbalanced perforation, availabilityofappropriate

pressure rated equipment shall be ensured.

3. Cheek the table for kinks and broken strands while running in.

4. Correct size adapter (Flange) shall be used to install well head pressure control equipment

on the well-head/X-mass tree.

5. Grease injection equipment must be deployed if high pressure flow is expected.

6. For grease injection jobs, a sufficient volume of approved grease for entire operation shall

be made available at the site.

7. Pressure control equipment is NOT to be used above the rating of the lowest rated item in

the complete string.

8. Whenever rig BOP is used in conjunction with wireline BOP, distance between the two shall

be not less than the total tool length to be run.

9. Length of the lubricator pipes shall be minimum 1 m. more than the length of the tool string.

10. All the pressure control equipment shall be inspected for smooth operation before use.

11. Rubber element or pack-off and rams of BOP shall be inspected thoroughly and tested with

cable piece before actual use.

12. A tool trap above the wireline BOP shall be use in all pressure control jobs as it gives clear

indication of the tool entering the lubricator pipe while pulling out.

13. A suitable number of sinker bars shall be used depending upon the cable diameter and

expected well pressure.

14. Never smoke in the prohibited area

15. All spark/heat generating equipment shall be parked at least 15 m. upwind from the well

mouth.


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16. In H2S environment, the crew members must be equipped with detectors and gas rnasks

17. On high pressure/gas wells particularly at unrnanned wells, a fire tender shall be deployed.

9.0: SAFETY DURING FISHING OPERATIONS

INTRODUCTION

W ireline fishing operations are complex and hazardous. A meeting of logging and fishing crew

shall be held to decide the method & modalities of fishing (cable snapping or cut & thread) depending

upon the nature of stuck up and downhole tool. The information regarding cable/cable head/bride

history and well history shall be gathered before taking up the fishing operation.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

The following safety precautions shall be adhered to during fishing operation.

1. Only experienced logging personnel shall be deputed.

2. Upper and lower sheave shall be checked.

3. Do not go onto the drill floor unless it is absolutely necessary.

4. All personnel involved in the operation shall,be well equipped with the safety equipment.

5. There shall be a proper communication between derrick floor and logging unit through

suitable means.

6. All pad sections of tools shall be closed and tool power switched off.

7. Cable tension shall be monitored continuously during cable snapping as well as cut

as thread procedure.

8. When a tool along with radioactive source gets stuck, all out efforts shall be made to

fish out the tool along with the source. If it is not possible to fish out, the abondonment

procedure as per BARC / AERB recommendation shall be followed.

9. In case winch power is insufficient to snap the cable, rig power shall be used for

snapping at weak point. An additional tie back chain shall be used at the lower sheave.

Safety is Evrerybody’s Business

Documents

Safe Oper ating Pr ocedur es - Oil India · 5. Inst all casing to rig volt age monitor: Check volt age between rig, casing and cable armor . If any voltage exceeds 0.25 volt, investigate