Saint Paul Public Schools

Chemical Hygiene & GHS 2013 Training for Science Instructors

August 28, 2013Presenter: Brenda Fischer, IEA

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Training Agenda

Lab Safety Standard

Chemical Safety

Personal Protective Equipment

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)

Federal Hazard Communication Standard changes

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General Principles of Lab Safety

Don’t underestimate risk – no matter how long you have been working with chemicals, they can still be dangerous!!!

Minimize chemical exposures Implement and follow a safety program Provide a safe working and learning

environment Continuous improvement

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Regulations on Lab Safety

Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories (OSHA)

Employee Right-to-Know (OSHA) International Fire Code National Fire Protection Act Local, County, & State HazMat Rules

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Written Chemical Hygiene Plan Located at the district Health & Safety

Office Includes:

Employee responsibilities Chemical Hygiene Officer (CHO) responsibilities Lab facility design and maintenance Standard operating procedures (SOPs) Personal protective equipment (PPE) Emergency response plans Employee exposure determination Recordkeeping Training requirements Hazardous waste/disposal procedures

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Chemical Hygiene Officers (CHO)

Liaison between staff and administration

Ensure proper work practices & procedures

Coordinates lab safety inspections, development of SOPs, and communication

distribution

Knowledge of waste disposal

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Chemical Exposure Limits

Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) is the maximum amount or concentration of a chemical that a worker may be exposed to under OSHA regulations. The higher the PEL the better.

Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) are guidelines (not standards) that reflect the level of exposure that the typical worker can experience without an unreasonable risk of disease or injury

Time-Weighted Average (TWA) is an average value of exposure over the course of an 8-hour work shift

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Routes of Entry

Skin and Eyes (most common in science departments)

Ingestion (wash your hands before you eat)

Injection Inhalation

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Health EffectsAcute

Generally manifests quickly (either immediately or within days after an exposure).

An example would be an acid spill on skin. The acute effect is immediate irritation or corrosion of the skin.

Chronic

Usually takes longer to develop through repeated exposures.

Usually targets certain organs (i.e. asbestos targets the lungs).

An individual may not be able to sense the exposure.

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Chemical Labeling - Current

If the label is not the original from the manufacturer, it must Include:

Identity of Product (no chemical symbols) Hazard Warning Date of Purchase

Types of Containers Original (from manufacturer) Secondary (dilutions, etc.) – Label these containers

accurately!

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Chemical Storage Requirements

Designated locked storage areaArrangement by Flinn or other systemAcid and flammable cabinetsFire extinguishersSmoke detectors

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Why PPE? It’s the last line of defense between you and

the hazardous chemical What types are required?

- Goggles and Face Shields- Gloves (disposable – chemical – heat)- Aprons

Instruct students on purpose and proper use

Lead by example!

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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) Located on-line – obtain specific information from

district health and safety Responsibility of instructor to obtain MSDSs for new

products received

Do you follow the guidelines on

MSDSs?

Are MSDSs part of your curriculum?

Would you know how to find an

MSDS during an emergency situation?

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Fume Hoods

Use for odorous chemicals (NOT storage) Provides more protection against splashes,

bumping NOT for general storage Ensure adequate air flow Avoid disruptions to air flow Keep clean Tested every year and posted on hood

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Wash your hands!!!

• Use warm water• Wet both hands and wrists• Apply liquid soap to palms

first• Lather well, spread lather to

back of hands and wrists• Scrub for at least 15 seconds• Rinse well and dry completely• Turn off faucet using

disposable towels

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Emergency Equipment

Fire extinguishers – should be located near exit and visible to all

Eyewash and/or shower Safety goggles/face shields Gloves (disposable, chemical, thermal)

Aprons Spill cleanup kits

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Emergency Procedures: FIRE

Primary responsibility is to evacuate students

It is not recommended to fight fires if they are above waist-height

Those who are trained may use fire extinguishers but…

your safety and the safety of your student’s is your first priority!

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Emergency Procedures: CHEMICAL SPILLS

Assess spill. If chemicals are unknown, evacuate area. Call emergency personnel if your safety is in danger or the spill is too large to handle yourself.

Contact fire department if contents are greater than one gallon.

Extinguish all sources of ignition if chemical is flammable and turn off the main gas shut-off valve.

Immediately attend to splashes in eye or on skin by using eyewash or drench shower.

Direct First Aid needs to the school nurse.

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Emergency Procedures:CHEMICAL SPILLS (continued)

Use appropriate personal protective equipment!!!!

Use appropriate spill neutralizer from spill kit (acid or base). Follow instructions on box.

Use the polypropylene broom and dust pan provided with neutralizer kit to sweep up materials. Dispose of according to hazardous waste rules and regulations (if applicable).

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Emergency Procedures:CHEMICAL SPILLS(continued)

If a release of any substance may cause pollution of the air, land or water, report the incident immediately to the district Environmental Health & Safety office. The district is required to notify the Minnesota Duty Officer (within 24 hours) at: (651) 649-5451 - Metro (800) 422-0798 - Greater Minnesota

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Waste Disposal

Hazardous wastes must be labeled: “Hazardous Waste” Descriptive name (no chemical symbols) Date the waste was put into the container or

determined to be waste

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Other Hazards in Labs

Natural Gas• Shut off valve must be identified and marked• Keep off and locked out when not in use

Sharps/Broken Glass • A disposal container specifically for broken

glass should be available

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Additional SOPs Students are not permitted to work in the labs without

supervisionShorts, sandals, and loose jewelry are not worn while

using chemicalsLong hair should be pulled back while using chemicalsEating and drinking (students and instructors) is not

allowed in labsExtension cords are not used as permanent wiringDamaged extension cords are REPLACED (not repaired)

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Additional SOPs (continued)

Refrigerators are labeled for contents (food or chemical/biological)

Chemicals are labeled upon arrival with purchase date

Eyewashes, showers, fire extinguishers are not blocked

Exits are not blockedElectrical panels are not blockedNo storage within 18 inches of sprinkler heads

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Eyewash Stations

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Eyewash Station Use For specks of dust or dirt in the eye,

do not rub the eye because this can cause scratches and abrasions. Use eyewash and continue flushing the eye. If the speck does not wash out or pain and redness persists, see an eye doctor.

For a blow or impact to the eye, apply a cold compress. Do not apply pressure. See a doctor immediately if there is continued pain, blood in the eye or any visual disturbance. This could be the sign of internal eye damage.

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Eyewash Station Use (Cont’d)

For objects stuck in the eye or punctures to the eye, do not try to remove the object from the eye and do not use eyewash. See a doctor immediately.

For chemical burns, open the eye as wide as possible and immediately flush the eye with water. Continue flushing the eye for at least fifteen minutes. If possible, continue flushing the eye while in route to the doctor or hospital. The flushing fluid should be tepid or lukewarm. A doctor should be seen immediately.

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Eyewash/Shower InspectionsEmergency Eyewashes & Showers require weekly

Inspections which must be documented on the inspection tag

All plumbed eyewashes must be flushed for 3 minutes weekly

Plumbed showers should be flushed briefly on occasion (monthly) to ensure proper function

Portable eyewashes require weekly inspections (follow manufacturers instructions)

All units must be accessible, clearly marked, clean, and nozzle covers must be in place

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Monthly Fire Extinguisher Inspections Ensure that the fire extinguisher is accessible.

Are any materials blocking the fire extinguisher? Is it visible from all points in the room?

▪ If not, is there proper demarcation above the fire extinguisher? Is the fire extinguisher properly mounted in the

cabinet or on the wall? Is the pressure indicator in the ‘green’?

Tap the pressure indicator to ensure it is functional. Has the fire extinguisher been vandalized in any way

to comprise its function? Be sure to initial and date the inspection tag at time of

inspection.

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MDE Attachment 5 – Handout

Minnesota Department of Education Attachment 5 – Parts 1-3:Science Safety ChecklistAttachment 5 – Table 2:Examples of Excessive Risk Chemicals (risk probably exceeds educational value)

Attachment 5 – Table 3:Examples of High Risk Chemicals (use very limited amounts)

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GHSGlobally Harmonized System (GHS) for

standardizing and harmonizing the classification and labeling of chemicals.

Goal to ensure employers, employees and the public are provided with adequate, practical, reliable, and comprehendible information on hazardous chemicals

Allow for appropriate protective measures for health and safety

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Why GHS?

To have a common worldwide approach to classifying and communicating chemical

hazards.

Harmonized definition of hazardsSpecific criteria for labelsHarmonized format for safety data sheets (SDS)

formerly called material safety data sheets (MSDS)

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Why GHS?

The idea is that the same criteria will be used all over the world to determine if a material is flammable, toxic, corrosive, etc.

To avoid classifying the same product as hazardous or non-hazardous, depending on which classification system is usedFor example, a product may be considered

flammable or toxic in one country, but not in another to which it is being shipped

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Date Rule Adopted Adopted by Federal OSHA on March 26,

2012, with an effective date of May 25, 2012MNOSHA informed Federal OSHA of its

intent to adopt the revised 1910.1200 standard (HazCom), on May 21, 2012

MNOSHA published this intent on July 2, 2012 in the State Register

Minnesota adopted on September 10, 2012

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Effect on Chemical Manufacturers and Distributers

Chemical manufacturers or distributorsReclassificationLabelingSafety Data Sheet (SDS)Training

Includes workplace chemicals, consumer products, pest control products, products regulated under the transportation of dangerous goods

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Effect on All Employers All Employers

Train on new SDS format▪ 16 element format

Train on GHS label elements ▪ pictograms ▪ signal words ▪ hazard statements ▪ precautionary statements

Maintain the updated SDSs

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By When?

Train employees by December 1, 2013 on the new labeling system and SDS format

June 1, 2015 comply with all labeling and SDS requirements (distributors have until December 1, 2015)

June 1, 2016, fully implement HazCom program – updated ERTK

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The GHS Elements

Classification Criteria Health and Environmental Hazards Physical Hazards Mixtures

Hazard Communication Labels Safety Data Sheets

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Health Hazard Classification

Acute Toxicity Skin

Corrosion/Irritation Serious Eye

Damage/Eye Irritation

Respiratory or Skin Sensitization

Germ Cell Mutagenicity

Carcinogenicity Reproductive

Toxicology Target Organ

Systemic Toxicity - Single Exposure

Target Organ Systemic Toxicity - Repeated Exposure

Aspiration Toxicity

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Physical Hazard Classification

Explosives Flammable Gases Flammable Aerosols Oxidizing Gases Gases Under Pressure Flammable Liquids Flammable Solids Self-Reactive

Substances Pyrophoric Liquids

Pyrophoric Solids Self-Heating

Substances Substances which in

contact with water emit flammable gases

Oxidizing Liquids Oxidizing Solids Organic Peroxides Corrosive to Metals

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GHS Labeling

Product identifier – chemical identity Supplier identification – name, address, etc. Precautionary statements – advice Hazard pictograms – visual warning Signal words – degree of hazard Hazard statements – nature of hazard Supplemental information – additional

information about the substance

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Pictogram Shape and Color

Pictograms have a black symbol on a white background with a red diamond

frame

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Exploding Bomb

Explosives Self-reactive

substances Organic peroxides

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Flame Flammables Emits flammable gas Self-reactive

substances Pyrophorics

(spontaneously igniting in air) Self-heating

substances Organic peroxides

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Flame Over Circle

Oxidizers (removes electrons)

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Gas Cylinder

Compressed gases Liquefied gases Dissolved gases

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Corrosion

Skin corrosion Eye damage Corrosive to

metals

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Skull and Crossbones

Acute toxicity (fatal or severe toxicity)

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Exclamation Mark

Acute toxicity (harmful)

Irritant Skin sensitizer Narcotic effects Target organ toxicity Hazard to ozone

layer (non-mandatory)

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Health Hazard

Carcinogen Mutagen Reproductive

toxicity Respiratory

sensitizer Target organ

toxicity Aspiration hazard

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9th Pictogram – Not Adopted by OSHA

Environmental Toxicity

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GHS Labeling – Signal Words

Signal words Used to emphasize hazard and

discriminate between levels of hazard

The signal words used in the GHS are:

for more severe hazards

for less severe hazards

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Hazard Statements

A statement assigned to a hazard class and category that describes the nature of the hazard(s) of a chemical;

including, where appropriate, the degree of hazards

Example: Flammable liquids▪ Extremely flammable liquid and vapor▪ Highly flammable liquid and vapor▪ Flammable liquid and vapor▪ Combustible liquid

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Precautionary Statements

Precautionary information supplements the hazard information by briefly providing measures to be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects from physical,

health or environmental hazards

First aid is included in precautionary information

For example: Wear splash protection for face Keep away from heat/sparks/open flame Use explosion-proof electrical… equipment Wear protective gloves

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Example GHS label

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GHS LabelingSecondary Labels

Need all the information from the original shipping label…

OR Product identifier & words, pictures,

symbols which provide at least general information regarding the hazards including the specific information regarding the physical and health hazards

EXCEPTION Portable, immediate-use containers used by

the employee who transferred the chemicals do not have to be labeled (not a change)

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Secondary Labels

All secondary labels and warnings shall be in English, and prominently displayed, or readily available

Employers may add information in a second language, but English must always be present

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Role of the SDS

Primary Use: The Workplace

The SDS should provide comprehensive information about a chemical substance or mixture

Employers and workers use the SDS as a source of information about hazards and to obtain advice on safety precautions

See example SDS in hand-out

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1. Identification of the Substance or Mixture and of the Supplier

GHS product identifier Other means of identification Recommended use of the chemical

and restrictions on use Supplier's details (including name,

address, phone number, etc.) Emergency phone number

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2. Hazards Identification

GHS classification of the substance/mixture and any national or regional information

GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Hazard symbols may be provided as a graphical reproduction of the symbols in black and white or the name of the symbol (flame, skull, crossbones, etc.

Other hazards which do not result in classification (e.g., dust explosion hazard) or are not covered by the GHS

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3. Composition/Information on Ingredients

Substance Chemical identity Common name, synonyms, etc. CAS number, EC number, etc.

Impurities and stabilizing additives which are themselves classified and which contribute to the classification of the substance

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4. First Aid Measures Description of necessary measures,

subdivided according to the different routes of exposure such as inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion, etc.

Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed

Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary

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5. Firefighting Measures

Suitable (and unsuitable) extinguishing media

Specific hazards arising from the chemical

Special protective equipment

and precautions for firefighters

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6. Accidental Release Measures

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures

Environmental precautions Methods and materials for

containment and cleaning up

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7. Handling and Storage

Precautions for safe handling

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

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8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Control parameters such as occupational or biological exposure limit values

Appropriate engineering controls

Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment

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9. Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance (physical state, color, etc.) Odor Odor thresholdpHMelting point/freezing point Initial boiling point and boiling rangeFlash pointEvaporation rate

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10. Stability and Reactivity

Chemical stability Possibility of hazardous reactions Conditions to avoid (e.g., static

discharge, shock or vibration) Incompatible materials Hazardous decomposition products

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11. Toxicological Information

Information on the likely routes of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact)

Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics

Delayed and immediate effects and also chronic effects from short and long-term exposure

Numerical measures of toxicity (such as acute toxicity estimates)

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12. Ecological Information

Not required for OSHA Ecotoxicity (aquatic and terrestrial) Persistence and degradability Bioaccumulative potential Mobility in soil Other adverse effects

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13. Disposal Considerations

Description of waste residues

Information on safe handling and methods of disposal

Includes the disposal of any contaminated packaging

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14. Transport Information

UN Number

UN Proper shipping name

Transport Hazard class

Packing group, if applicable Marine pollutant (Yes/No)

Special precautions which a user needs to be aware of or needs to comply with in connection with transport or conveyance either within or outside their premises.

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15. Regulatory Information

Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question

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16. Other Information Including Information on Preparation and

Revision of the SDS

Combustible dust would be an example of information found here

Any other specific information not listed in other sections of SDS

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Current

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Future

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Thank You!

Any Questions?

For more information on GHS see hand-out