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Tlingit
Salmon Fishers of the Northwe
Coast
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Northwest Coast Culture A
Clearly defined on west by Pacific Oceaby mountain ranges, north
and south bless clearly defined (some anthropologNW CA)
Culturally unified by both environmentaspects of culture such
as: permanent plank houses, social stratification with differences
in wealth and status, hered
slavery, distinctive artistic carving, paintextiles.
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Tlingit Territories- Southeaster
and Northwestern B.C., Can
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Resources of Traditional Tling
Numerous mammalian species such
fox, lynx, caribou, mountain sheep a
Marine mammals such as whale, sea
and otters
Salmon most important fish, also ca
(oil traded inland)
Salmon critical factor in determining
a household
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Social Organization Largest social unit is the kwaan, group
occupying
region
Within each kwaan are 2 moieties, Raven and W
in north). These were traced through the female
Moities not social groups, merely opposites fro
members would choose marriage partners and p
certain social and ceremonial services for one an
Moities further divided into matri-clans, such as
Raven, Salmon and sea lion, each with distinct at
Headmen of clans or lineages have authority for
fishing spots, overseeing justice or acting as hostbut no real
political power
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Crests and Totem Pole
Ideally painted or carved by social equal fopposite moiety-
Represent totem ancest
Crests identify clans, subclans and lineage
painted on house or carved inside, outsid
pole. When crest is displayed for ceremonial re
as marriage or potlatching payment must
all members of opposite moiety who are
Totems are honored but not worshipped.
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Totem PolesTwo types of poles known to predate contact
Carvings on one or more of the four vertical hou
Mortuary pole. Mostly plain pole with box conta
cremated remains.
Other poles include:
Memorial pole to honor a deceased house group Heraldic pole
raised front and center of house re
mythic tale associated with house group
Ridicule pole raised to shame others or to haste
a debt.
Potlatch Pole is most recent, raised to enhance pcontact period,
signifying wealth,
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Tlingit House with Crest and Totem
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TlingitTotem Pole
With various a
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Modern To
Harold Alfr
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Potlatch kueex Potlatch is a form of competitive giveaway of
the
coast
Held to celebrate births marriages, deaths or com
Abundance a mark of prestige that reaffirms soc
hosts.
Guests are then indebted to hosts and must recilater date
When more than one man is competing for the s
privilege often waste and destruction
BUT ecologically important as a means of redistr
wealth and resources Canadian government outlawed potlatch,
1884-
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Potlatch Goods
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Mythological Figures Often Featured in Fo
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Examples of Tlingit Formline Art
Eagle, Killer Whale, Frog, Raven, Wolf, etc
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