Saltos Caidas

7/23/2019 Saltos Caidas

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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONALDE SAN MARTIN

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL

IRRIGACIN

SALTOS DE AGUA, RAPIDAS Y CAIDAS

DOCENTE: M. Sc. ING. JOS DEL C.PIZARRO BALDERA


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SALTOS DE AGUA

Obra !r"#$c%a&a $' ca'a($ !ara

a()ar &$'*)$($ br+c" &$( "'&"-c+a'&" "' a#"r$ &$ /0


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I. CAIDAS VERTICALES


4/47

1. CRITERIOS DE DISE2O:

C+a'&" $ '$c$*%a a()ar &$'*)$($a#"r$ &$ 1.3 c"" 45*".E( &$'*)$( 6 3.73 # ca+&a( 6 733(8$9.

&$ a'c;" &$ ca'a( '" '$c$*%a !"


5/47

CaidadeAnchoB

5.0uHg2Bu3

2

Q

TotalCaudalSiendo

H48.1q

2

3

2

3

=

=

=

=


6/47

:

:

:

)//(1.0 5.1

qw

y

Qa

DONDE

YYpqwQa =

Suministro de agua por metro de ancho de cresta.

Tirante normal aguas arribas e la cada.

Mxima descarga unitaria sobre la cada.


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>.CA?DAS VERTICALES CONOBST@CULOS PARA EL COUE

D$arr"((a&" !ara a(%" !$+$"&"'&$ c;"ca $( a9+a &$ (a (4*'a )$r%*&a

# $ "b%*$'$ +'a b+$'a &**!ac*=' &$$'$r9a.


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E( a'c;" # $!ac*a*$'%" &$ (" "b%4c+(":

b 3./ $3./ L"'9*%+& '*a &$ (a c+b$%a L& H>.#c , &"'&$:


9/47

)g2p

h08.0

3h1050

1

05.0!HB3

2

Q

"AT#$A"..%C&%T$ACC'&..S'%

TAB"A..S#(%.....10.4CC"HQ

"AT#$A"..%C&%T$ACC'&

B*Qq

gH*q+

H+30.4"d

21

2

3

2

3

32

2,.0

++=

=

=

=

=

=


10/47


11/47

Ca&a )$r%*ca($

D*$ar +'a ca&a )$r%*ca( * ab$:

A9+a Arr*ba A9+a Aba"> 78$9 > 78$9

S1K" S3.K"

'3.31 '3.31Z1 Z1

b1.33 b1.33

Y3. Y3.7 A1.> A1.1>

V1.> 8$9 V1.1 8$9


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SOLUCIN

1. A'c;" &$ (a Ca&a:1./78>

1.77 78$9 5

32

Hg2B32Q =

g2

-)/e/

+

"/a!

g

2a

a+++=


13/47

a3.>D>Va

E($)a'&" a( c+a&ra&" $%a $5!r$*='

4

2

a

2a

+00.0g2-

+344.0-

=

=


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R$$!(a


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R$"()*$'&" !"r %a'%$":

E%a 4r$a $+*)a($ a!r"5*a&a$'%$ a( 4r$a &$ 7

%+b", > &$ / -3.13 0 # 1 &$ > -3.3 0. E%"

%+b" $ c"("car4' &$ a'$ra +$ c"'$c%$' (ac4ara &$ a*r$ &$ (a ca&a c"' $( $!ac*" $5%$r*"r.

2

2

018.0A

4

+A

151.0+

=

=

=


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II. CA?DAS INCLINADAS


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Pr"#$c%a&a $' %ra" c"r%" &$ ca'a( c"'!$'&*$'%$ +$r%$.


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Par%$:

Tra'*c*=' &$ $'%ra&a c"' $cc*=' &$

c"'%r"(.Ca&a !r"!*a$'%$ &*c;a.C"(c;='.

Tra'*c*=' &$ (a a(*&a.


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1. CRITERIOS DE DISE2O

I'c(*'ac*=' r$c"$'&a&a 1. a >.1&"'&$ $( a'c;" B $ *9+a(:

58.0u

Hg2u3

2Q

H,1.1q

donde

qQB

2

3

2

3

=

=

=

=


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GRADAS

S$ !r"#$c%a' !ara a()ar &$'*)$($abr+!%".


21/47

III. RAPIDAS


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S*r)$' !arac"'$c%ar &" %ra"&$ +' ca'a( c+#"&$'*)$( $ ba%a'%$

9ra'&$ $' +'a("'9*%+&r$(a%*)a$'%$ c"r%a.


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1. Par%$

Tra'*c*=' &$ $'%ra&a.

S$cc*=' &$ c"'%r"(.Ca'a( &$ (a r4!*&a.C"(c;=' &$ a"r%*9+ac*='.

Tra'*c*=' &$ a(*&a.


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IV. AFORADOR DE PARSALL


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E%r+c%+ra &$ $&*c*=' &$ ca+&a($ $' +'

a!(*" ra'9", &$b*&" a (a 9ra' )$("c*&a& &$(a9+a $5*%$'%$ $' (a $%r+c%+ra.

1 P %


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1. Par%$

E'%ra&a Gar9a'%a

Sa(*&a


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D*$'*"'$ &$ (a !ar%$ &$( a"ra&"r Par;a((

W A B C D E F G K N X Y

1 25.4 242 356 93 167 229 76 203 19 29 8 13

2 50.8 276 406 135 214 254 114 254 22 43 16 25

3 76.8 311 457 178 259 457 152 305 25 57 25 38

6 152.4 414 610 394 397 610 305 610 76 114 51 76

9 228.6 587 864 381 575 762 305 457 76 114 51 76

1 304.8 914 1343 610 845 914 610 941 76 229 51 76

16 457.2 965 1419 762 1026 914 610 941 76 229 51 76

2 609.6 1016 1495 914 1206 914 610 941 76 229 51 76

3 914.4 1118 1645 1219 1572 914 610 941 76 229 51 76

4 1219.2 1219 1794 1524 1937 914 610 941 76 229 51 76

5 1524.0 1321 1943 1829 2302 914 610 941 76 229 51 76

6 1828.8 1422 2092 2134 2667 914 610 941 76 229 51 76

7 2133.6 1524 2242 2438 3032 914 610 941 76 229 51 76

8 2438.4 1626 2391 2743 3397 914 610 941 76 229 51 76

VENTAJAS:


28/47

VENTAJAS:

N" *'(+#$ (a )$("c*&a& c"' +$ $(

a9+a a!r"5*a (a $%r+c%+ra.T*$'$ (a ca!ac*&a& a $&*r %a'%" c"'(+" (*br$ c"" "&$ra&a$'%$

+$r9*&". PQr&*&a &$ car9a$'"r$.

E( a9+a %*$'$ )$("c*&a& +*c*$'%$

!ara (*!*ar (" $&*$'%".O!$ra $' +' ra'9" a!(*" &$ (+".


29/47

DESVENTAJAS:

M4 car" &$b*&" a (a abr*cac*='r$+$r*&a.

La abr*cac*=' $ *'%a(ac*=' $ cr%*ca!ara +$ +'c*"'$' c"" $ &$b$.

> FUNCIONAMIENTO


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>.FUNCIONAMIENTOIDR@ULICO

La $c+ac*=' !ara $( ca+&a( ba"c"'&*c*"'$ &$ (+" (*br$ $ &$ (a "ra:

na/HQ=


31/47

D"'&$:

ca+&a( $' 78$9.

ac%"r +$ &$!$'&$ &$( a'c;" &$

(a 9ar9a'%a.

' Fac%"r +$ )ara &$ 1.> a 1.3


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A'c;" &$ (a 9ar9a'%a, '

1 3.33/ 1.

> 3.1>3 1.

7 3.11 1. 3.71> 1.

3.7/ 1.7

1 3.3 1.>>

1. 1.3 1.7> 1./> 1.3

7 >.1/ 1.

/ >.7 1.

7.7> 1.

/.1 1.

.71> 1.31

.11> 1.3


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La +$r9$'c*a &$( a"ra&"r ca(c+(a&a!"r b8a, 3. !ara (" %aa" &$9ar9a'%a &$ 1 ;a%a 7 !+(9a&a, $( (+" $

c"'*&$ra +$r9*&" # ;a# +$ ;ac$r +'ac"rr$cc*=' a (" ca+&a($.

7. SUMERGENCIA

CORRECCIN POR


34/47

E( (*%$ &$ +$r9$'c*a !ara (a9ar9a'%a &$ # !+(9a&a $ 3.3 # !ara1 ;a%a !*$ $( (*%$ $ 3.3. C+a'&" (a+$r9$'c*a $a a#"r +$ $%" (*%$,

S E

CORRECCIN PORSUMERGENCIA


35/47

E!ara (" a"ra&"r$ &$ 1 !+(9a&a;a%a 6 1 !*$. La c"rr$cc*=' &$ 6 1 !*$&$ 9ar9a'%a $ a!(*ca a (" &$ ;a%a !*$

&$ 9ar9a'%a, +(%*!(*ca'&" $( E!"r ("

*9+*$'%$ ac%"r$:


36/47

Ancho de ! "!#"!n$! %&$' F!c$o#

1 1

1.5 1.4

2 1.8

3 2.4

4 3.1

5 3.7

6 4.3

7 4.9

8 5.4

Fac%"r &$ Gar9a'%a

C *= & *&


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C"rr$cc*=' !ara &$car9a +$r9*&aa"ra&"r Par;a(( &$ >

C *= & *&


38/47

C"rr$cc*=' !ara &$car9a +$r9*&a.A"ra&"r Par;a(( &$ 7

/ CRITERIOS PARA LA ELECCIN


39/47

/. CRITERIOS PARA LA ELECCINDEL TAMA2O MAS ADECUADO DEL

PARSALLE( a"ra&"r &$b$ $r *'%a(a&" c$rca &$

(a c"!+$r%a &$ c"'%r"(.D$b$ $%ar $' +' %ra" r$c%" &$( ca'a( a

+'a &*%a'c*a &$ (a c"!+$r%a &"'&$ '"

;a# %+rb+($'c*a.

ASPECTOS CONSTRUCTIVOS


40/47

. ASPECTOS CONSTRUCTIVOS


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S* !"r $$!(", %$'$" +' ca+&a( &$ 3. 78$9.c"' %*ra'%$ &$ c. E( (*%$ &$ +$r9$'c*a $

3.3 !ara +$ $ !+$&a +ar +'a "(a $&*&a, a,!ara &$%$r*'ar $( ca+&a(.

Para $c"'"a, !+$&$ $c"9$r (a 9ar9a'%a 4$%r$c;a, !$r" %ab*Q' &$b$ c"'*&$rar $( $$c%""br$ $( (+", $( a+$'%" $' !r"+'&*&a& a9+a

arr*ba # $( c"%" &$ ($)a'%ar 4 (" b"r&$ &$(ca'a(.

Para $( $$!(" c"'*&$rar &" a(%$r'a%*)a


42/47

Para $( $$!(", c"'*&$rar &" a(%$r'a%*)a,+'" &$ 7 !*$ # +'" &$ / !*$ &$ 9ar9a'%a.

D$&$ $( !+'%" &$ )*%a $c"'=*c", $ra!r$$r*&" $c"9$r $( &$ 7 &$ a'c;", +'a )$ !*$ a3 c # b /3 c.

WC+4( $ra $( ca+&a( ba" $%a c"'&*c*"'$X


44/47

C4(c+(" &$( ca+&a(:na/HQ=

55.1

)50.0!428.1Q=

*eg.0.48,Q 3=


45/47

b8a $ a#"r +$ $( (*%$ &$ 3. !ara$%$ %aa" &$ a"ra&"r, # ;a# +$ ;ac$r(a c"rr$cc*=' !ara +$r9$'c*a:

E' $( 9r4*c" )$" +$ (a c"rr$cc*='!ara Ec+a'&":

3K &$ +$r9$'c*a

a 3.$ 3.3>/.


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M+(%*!(*ca&" $%a c"rr$cc*=' !"r $(

ac%"r &$ 9ar9a'%a !ara a"ra&"r &$> !*$ '" &a: 1.

E 1.53.3>/ 3.3/E'%"'c$, $( ca+&a( c"rr$c%" $:

S E 3./ 3.3/S 3.// 78$9.


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