This article was downloaded by: [University of North Carolina]On: 10 November 2014, At: 10:23Publisher: RoutledgeInforma Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH,UK

Kentucky Romance QuarterlyPublication details, including instructions forauthors and subscription information:http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/vzrq20

Samaniego's Fables: An Indexof AntecedentsMac E. Barrick aa Shippensburg State College , USAPublished online: 09 Jul 2010.

To cite this article: Mac E. Barrick (1976) Samaniego's Fables: An Indexof Antecedents , Kentucky Romance Quarterly, 23:4, 409-420, DOI:10.1080/03648664.1976.9928112

To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03648664.1976.9928112

PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE

Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all theinformation (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform.However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make norepresentations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness,or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and viewsexpressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, andare not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of theContent should not be relied upon and should be independently verified withprimary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for anylosses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages,and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly orindirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of theContent.

This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes.Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan,sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone isexpressly forbidden. Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found athttp://www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-and-conditions

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

SAM AN I EGO’S FABLES: A N INDEX OF A N T E C E D E N T S

B y Muc E. Burrick

The fable has always thrived during those periods when didacticism was considered the primary purpose of literature. In the first centuries of the Christian era. under the aegis of the Horatian Ars poetica, appeared the most influential of the classical collections of Aesopic fables, those of Phaedrus and Babrius.’ The late Middle Ages witnessed the appearance of numerous fables in collections of exernpld and also the publication, immediately after the invention of printing, of translations of Aesopic fables (via Phaedrus, Avianus. and Walter of England) into modern languages.‘ The eighteenth century. when the classical rules for the composition of literature were again the norm, was another era in which the fable was important. It is no accident that Spain’s greatest fabulists, Tomis de lriarte and Felix Man‘a de Samaniego. flourished at the time when Neoclassicism was the dominant literary style. Considering the emphasis placed on the didactic function of literature by the theorists of that school, the fable. with its insistent moral and its formalized structure. was an ideal form.4

Of the two writers, Sarnaniego was the more prolific. producing 157 fables to Iriarte’s seventy-six. but Iriarte’s compositions are more original and significantly more interesting because of the literary allusions evident in them. The great majority of Samaniego’s fables are direct imitations of La Fontaine or John Gay.‘ even when Spanish models were more conve- niently available. In the “Prologo” to his Fuhulus Samaniego acknowledged his indebtedness to earlier sources:

Despues de haber repasado 10s preceptos de la fibula. formi. mi pequeha libreria de fabulistas; examine. compare y elepi para mis modelos. entrc todos el lo^. despues de Esopo. a Fedro y Lofonrcrine: no tarde en hallar mi desengaho. El primero. m i s para admirado que para seguido. tuve que abandonarle a 10s primeros pasos. Si la union de la elegancia y laconismo s61o esth concedida a este poeta en este penero. jcomo podra aspirar a ella quien escribe en lengua castellana. y palpa 10s gados que a esta le faltan para igualar a la latina en concision y energiii? Este conocimiento. en que me aseguro mas y mas la practica. me oblig6 a separarme de Fedro (BAE. LXI, 357a)

One is curious as to the complete contents of this libreria. Gay is not mentioned. though he is an obvious source. It is also likely that Sarnaniego

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

410 Kentucky Romance Quarterly

knew and used Sebastian Mey’s Fuhulurio (Valencia. 1613). but the tales appearing in Mey also appear in other sources as well. The Esopo used is not identitied. though Samaniego probably knew it in the form of the Ysopcve .vstoriudo.“ A superficial perusal of the list below suggests a strong indebtedness to the latter collection. but since nearly every fable appearing in both the Ysopete and in Samaniego’s work also appears in La Fontaine’s, only a careful stylistic comparison would yield any conclusive evidence as to the provenience of any given fable.

The presence of a given tale. fable o r motif in an earlier piece of literature is of itself no indication that an author utilized it as ;I source or that he was even aware of its existence. A considerable number of stories and anecdotes circulate in the oral culture of the folk. some of them drawn from literature and many of them in turn inspiration for writers within the literary culture.’ The relationship between fable and folktale is thus ;I pnrticularly difficult one to establish. since the fable by definition is a literary rather than a popular form.h Still fables in their simplest forms are essentially folkloric. often being identical with proverbs; in fact. the same word is used in many language to indicate both /uhle and proverb.’‘ Fables constantly recur at the folk level; even functional illiterates know such phrases as “sour grapes” and “the lion’s share,” though they may have no idea of their origin. A partial explanation for this phenomenon lies in the fact that Aesopic fables are frequently used as textbook materials and have long been favorite illustrative material for preachers. politicians and other public speakers. A knowledge of fables constantly filters down from the literary tradition into the folk culture, and o n occasion a literary figure draws the tales from the folk level and reinserts them into literature. Consider the erect that Walt Disney has had on the remembrance of fable and fairy tale in the twentieth century. Each such transfer further clouds the issue of propagation and transmission of folktales as well as the question of literary sources and intellectual development.

In an attempt to clarify the confusion surrounding the possible origins for the subject matter of Samaniego’s fables, the present index brings together into a single list a variety of references from literary and folklore studies. The listing does not intend to indicate the sources that Samaniego actually used but rather those available to him. Similarly. the inclusion of folktale type and motif numbers does not imply that the author drew his fables from folk sources. These numbers are used simply to facilitate future comparative study and the reader is referred to the additional parallels and useful bibliographical references provided by these folk indexes.

The following indexes and collections are cited: Ben E. Perry, Aesop.’cu, vol. 1 (Urbana, 1952); Antti Aarne and Stith Thompson. The Tvpes ofrhe Folktale (Helsinki, 1964); Stith Thompson, Motiy-Index of Folk-Literature, 6 vols. (Bloomington, Ind.. 1955-58); Frederic C. Tubach, Index exemplorurn (Helsinki, 1969); John E. Keller, MotjJ-Index ofMediaeval Spanish Exenipla

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

Samaniego’s Fables 41 1

(Knoxville, Tenn.. 1949); D. P. Rotunda, Morif-lndex ofthe Italian Novella in Prose( Bloomington, 1942); J . Wesley Childers, MotifIndex of the Cuentos of Juan Timoneda (Bloomington, 1948); Babrius and Phaedrus, ed. Perry (Cambridge, Mass., and London, 1965): Ysopete ystoriado (Zaragoza. 1489; facsim., Madrid, 1929);“’ Sebastian Mey Fubulario. ed. M. Menendez y Pelayo. Origenes de la novela, IV (Madrid. 1915). pp. 124-148: La Fontaine, Oeuvres compli.res, I: Fables, conles et nouvelles (Paris, 1954); John Gay, The Poetical, Dramatic, and Miscellaneous Works, I : Fables (London. 1795). Occasional mention is also made of Aurelio M. Espinosa’s Cuentospopulares espaholes, 3 vols. (Madrid, 1946-47) and Terrence Hansen’s The Types of the Folktale in Cuba, Puerro Rico, the Dominican Republic, and Spanish South America (Berkeley and Los Angeles. 1957) to illustrate the currency of many of these fables in contemporary Hispanic folklore. References below are to item number rather than to pages.

I El usno y el cochino.

2 La cigurru y h hormigu. Aesopicu, 600. Cf. motif 3229.

Aesopicu. 373; type 280A; motif 371 1 . 1 ; Rotunda. Babrius, 140; Ysopete, Fab. IV. 17; Mey. iv; La Fontaine. 1. I : F. SB de Miranda. Obrus complerus (Lisbon, 1937). 11, 51: A. Mira de Amescua, Lo que le toea uI valor, 111.

Aesopicu, 174; motif NI 11.4.1; Rotunda, N111.4.2*. Babrius, 49; La Fontaine, V. 1 1 .

4 Lu codorniz. Aesopicu, 251; motif U32; cf. 3651.1

5 El bguilu y el escurubujo. Aesopicu. 3; motif L315.7 Ysopete. Rem. 11: La Fontaine. 11. 8.

6 El leon vencido por el hombre. Aesopicu. 284; motif 31454. Ysopere, Fab. IV. 15; La Fontaine. 111. 10.

7 La zorru y el busro. Aesopicu, 27: motif 31793. Phaedrus. I . 7; Ysopere. Fdb. 11. 14: La Fontaine. IV, 14.

Aesopicu. 352; type 112: motif J211.2: Tubach. 3281: Keller. Babrius. 108: Ysopere. Fab. 1. 12: Mey. xxxv: La Fontaine. 1. 9.

Aesopicu. 415; motif W111.5.4. Cf. the proverb “El perro del herrero duerme a las martilladas y despierta a las dentelladas” listed by Nhfiez. Covarru- bias and Correas.

10 La zorru y lu cipef iu. Aesopicu. 426: type 60: motif J1565.1: Tubach. 2170. Phaedrus. 1. 26; Ysopete. Fab. 11. 13: La Fontaine. I . 18. Espinosa. 111. 305-310: Hansen. 60.

Aesopicu, 80: motif N339.2.

3 El muchucho .v la fortunu.

8 El ruton de 111 corre y el del cumpo.

9 El herrero el perro.

I 1 Lus moscus.

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

412 Kentucky Romance Quarterly

1.

I.

I2 El liwpordo j' /us monos. Type 568: motif K911.

13 E l ciervo en la fuente. Aesopico. 74: type 77: motif L461: Tubach. 4589. Babrius. 43: Phaedrus. I. 12: Ysopere. Fab. I l l . 7: La Fontaine. VI. 9.

Aetopico. 142: type 50A: motif 5644.1. Babrius. 103: Ysoperi.. Fab. 1'4. 12; La Fontaine. VI. 14.

A i ~ o p i c a . 351: motif U127.

Aesopicu. 194: motif 5451.2. Babrius. 13: Ysopere. Rem. IX.

Aesoprca. 93: motif 5552.3. Phaedrus. IV. 8: Ysopere. Fab. I l l . 12: La Fontaine. V , 16.

18 E l ccilvo .I ' la inoscu Aesopica. 525; motif 52102.3: cf. type 1586A: Tubach. 458. Phaedrus. V . 3: Ysopere. Fab. 11. 12. Cf. Hnnsen. 1586.

,4e.sopicci. 65: type 179: motif 51488. Ysopete. Av. VIII: La Fontaine. 'V. 20.

Arsoppicci. 488: motif K2131.1. Phacdrua. 11. 4: La Fontaine. 111. 6.

I. 14 El l i 4 n ,v la zorru.

I .

1.

I .

15 Lo ciervu ,r el cervato.

16 El Irrhrador ,v IN ci,t$eAu.

I7 La serpiente 1' lu limo.

1.

1. I9 Los dos amigos .I ' e l oso.

1. 20 El iiguiltr. lo p t a 1' lu juhulinu.

11.

11. 2 La lechrru.

I El /eon con su e/ercito. Motif 8268: cf. B240.4. La Fontnine. V. 19.

Type 1430: motif 52061.2: Tubach. 80. 3286: cf. Keller. 52061.1: c:f. Rotunda. 52061.1: cf. Childers. J206l . l . La Fontaine. VII. 10. Cf. Hansen. 1430.

Ar.copic~i. 476: motif UISI . Phacdrus. I . 15: La Fontaine. VI . 8.

Ac~sopic~ci. 210: type 1333: motif J2172.1 Ysopete. Rem. X: Mcy. XI.

Aecopico. 490: motif J657.2: cf. type 225A: cf. Tuhach. 625: cf. Keller- Johnson. J132.1*. Phaedrus. I I . 6: Ysopere. Fah. 1. 14. Cf. Espinosa. I l l . 305-310.

A t w p i c u . 156: type 76: motif W 154.3: Tuhach. 5332: Keller: Rotunda. Babrius. 94: Phaedrus. 1. 8: Ysopere. Fab. I . 8: La Fontaine. I l l . 9.

Ap.sopiccr. 176. 617: typr 155: motif W154.2.1. Babrius. 143: Phaedrus. IV. 20: Ysoprre. Fab. I . 10: La Fontaine. V l . 13. Espinosa. I l l . 420-431: Hnnsen. 155.

Arsopicu. 276: motif I1 161: Keller. La Fontaine. I I . 6. Cf. Claybourne and Finch. CJ. 62 (1967). 306-308.

11. 3 E l (isno .rcsudo.

11.

11.

4 El ; t i p 1 .v Iris o w j m .

5 Lo iigiiilo. Itr corncfj(r .I' lii rorru,qti.

11. 6 El loho >' la c i ~ ~ t i i ~ i ~ u .

I I . 7 El iiotnhre .v I N culrhru.

I I . 8 El piijrrro Iwrido lie i i n o / I e r h c r .

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

Samaniego's Fables 413

11. 9 El pescudor el pi':. Aesopica. 18: motif J321.2: Rotunda: cf. type 122F. Babrius. 6: Ysopete. Av. X V I : La Fontaine. V. 3.

Aesopicu. 473: motif 5885.1. Phaedrus. I . 9: La Fontaine. V . 17.

Aesopicu. 106: motif A223 I . 1.4.

Aesopicu. 722: motif H1024.4. K551.1 I : Rotunda. K551.11. Francisco Asensio, Floresrrr espuiiolu (Madrid. 1911). p. 41: La Fontaine. VI . 19: cC Mey. xlvii.

Acwpicu. 486: motif K815.8: Tubach. 3554. Phaedrus. 1. 31: Ysopere. Fab. 11. 2

Aesopicu. 69: type 278A: motif 5652.1.

.4c~sopicrr. 520: motif U 114: Keller. Phnedrus. I\', 24: Ysoperr. Fab. 11. 5; La Fontaine. V. 10: Juan de la SaI. BAE. X X X V I . 540a. Cf. the proverb "Parturiunt montes. nascitur ridiculus mus" (Erasmus. Adu,giii. 1. ix. 14).

Arsopic(r. 44: type 277: motif J643.1: Tubach. 2221: Keller: cf. Tubach. 292. Phaedrus. 1. 2: Y.sripe/e, Fab. 11. I : Cervantes. Don Quijorr. 11. 51: La Fontaine. 111. 4.

17 El usno J el cahallo. Aesopicu. 357: type 214': motif JZI2.I. cf. L452. Cf. Y.wpe/e. Fah. 111. 3.

.4e.sopicu. 98; motif 5974. Babrius. 96: Mey. xxxiv. 19 Llls cahrus -1' 1o.r chrvo.r.

Arsopicu. 516: motif UI 12. Phaedrus. IV. 17. 20 El cubollo ,v el ciervo.

Aesopicu. 269; motif K192. Phaedrus. IV. 13: Ysopere, Fab. IV. 9; La Fontaine. IV. 13.

I El irgiiiltr .v el currvo.

11.

11.

11. 12 El churlu/un.

10 El ,gorriiin y Iu liehe.

I I Jupiter y lu / o r t i p .

11. 13 El milano y /us polomos.

11, 14 Lur dos runus.

11. 15 El purro de 10s monies.

11, 16 Lus runus pidiendo rev.

11,

11. 18 El cordero el loho.

11.

11.

111. ,4esopicci. 2: motif 12413.3. Babrius. 137; Ysopere. Rem. 1; La Fontaine. 11. 16.

2 Los iinimulc~s con piwe. Acmpicu. 452: motif UI I . I . 1 . 1 : Tubach. 397: cf. Tubach. 3053: Rotunda. La Fontaine. VII. 1 .

Aesopicri. 324: Keller-Johnson. U236.l'. Babrius. 78; Y.sopcre, Fab. I. 19.

Ae.wpii.rr.481: type 50C: moti fW121.2 . l : Tubach. 3065: Keller. Phaedrus. 1. 21: Y.~ope/e. Fab. I . 16: La Fontaine. 111. 14.

Aesnppicu. 7: motif K2061.7 Bahrius. 121.

111.

111. 3 El niiluno e/l/ernio.

111. 4 El lebn mrejrcido.

I l l . 5 LN :arm j' la gdlrnti.

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

414

111.

111.

111.

111.

Il l .

111.

Il l .

111.

111.

111.

IV.

IV.

IV.

IV.

IV.

Kentucky Romance Quarterly

6 Lu crervu -v el leon. Aesopicu. 76: motif N255.1.

7 El Ieiin enamorudo. Aesoprcir. 140: motif J642.1. cf. B621.2. Babrius. 98: Mey. xliii; 1.a Fontaine. IV. 1.

Aesopica. 613; type 110: motif 3671.1: Tubach. 566: Keller. Mey. xxiv: Lope de Vega . La rscluvu de su gulun. 1. 10 (BAE. X X X I V . 491 h): La Fontnine. 11. 2. Cf. the proverb “iQuikn echard CI concerro (caseahel) a l gato?” listed by N h ~ i e z and Covarrubias.

Acwpicu. 160; motif K2061.5. 10 El hombre In puI<qu.

Cf. Aesopicu. 231. 272. La Fontaine. V l l l . 5. I I El cuervo

Aesopicc~. 128. I2 El usno -v lus ranas.

Aesopicu. 189: motif 5221 1.1. M K ~ . xxxix. I3 El usno -1’ el perro.

La Fontaine. VIII. 17. 14 El Iebn ,v el usno cu:otido.

Aesopicu. 151. Keller-Johnson. J952.1.2*. Phaedrus. I . I I ; Y.rope/e. Fat). IV. 10: La Fontaine. 11. 19.

Aesopica. 527: motif 52232: cf. type 106. Phnedrus. V. 5 .

8 Congreso de 10s ruroties.

9 El loho .I‘ la opeju.

lu serpienre

15 El c~liurlurirn .Y el rusrico.

1 La nionu corridu. Ae.soprcu. 364: type 247: motif T68 I ; Tuhach. 4873. Babrius. 56: Ysoper~~. Av. XI.

.4rsopicu. 179: motif N255.2. La Fontaine. VI. I I .

Aesopicu, 265: motif K2295.1. Babrius. 138. Cf. type 122D.

ileropicrr. 60; type 845: motif C11: Rotunda. Mey. i i i : Lope d e V e p . Quicn iriiis no puede (Ohrtrs. IX [Madrid. 19301. 141): La Fontaine. I . 15-16.

Aesopicu. 114: motif 5756. I .

Acwipiccr. 15: type 59: motif 5871. Bahrius. 19; Phaedrus. IV. 3: Ysopc~re. Fah . IV. 1: La Fontaine. 111. 11. Espinosa. I . no. 226. Also an international proverb; see Reinsherg-Durinpsfeld. Sprrcliwiirrer iler ,qermrnischen unil roniunisrhen Spraclien. 11. no. 413.

Aesopicu. 77; motif 5582.2. La Fontaine. V. 15.

Arsoprc,a. 182; motif 5953.4. La Fontaine. V. 14.

2 El usno .I’ Jupirer.

3 El cirzrrdor .\’ lu peniiz.

4 El virjo .\’ Irr muerre.

5 El eti/>rmo , I , cl mPdico.

6 Lir :orru lrs u v m .

7 Ltr i’rerru .I’ 1u vi i tcr .

8 El usno curgado de reliqiircrc.

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

Samaniego's Fables 41 5

IV. 9 Los dos machos.

IV. Aesopica. 491: motif L453. Phaedrus. 11. 7: La Fontaine. 1. 4.

10 E l cazador .v el perro. Aesopica. 532; motif W154.4: Keller. Phaedrus. V . 10; Ysope/e. Fab. 11. 7.

Aesopica. 230; type 225A: motif 5657.2. cf. K1041: Tubach. 1832: Keller. Babrius. 115: Ysopete. Av. 11.

Aesopicu. 150; type 75: motif 8371.1: Tubach. 3052: Keller. Bakrius. 107: Ysopete, Fab. 1. 18: Mey. xvii: La Fontaine. 11. I I .

Aesopica, 138: type 70; motif J881.1. Babrius. 25; Ysopere. Fab. 11. 8: Mey. xxix: La Fontaine. 11. 14.

Aesopica, 252; type 62: motif 51421. Ysopere. Fab. Ill, 8; La Fontaine. 11. 15. Espinosa. I. no. 225.

Aesopica, 157; motif K2061.4. Ysopere. Av. XIX. Espinosa. 1. no. 216.

Aesopica. 302: motif U162: Tubach. 444. Babrius. 142: Ysopere. Fab. 111. 14; Mey. xlii; La Fontaine. XII. 16.

Aesopica, 494; motif B361: Keller; cf. type 160. Phaedrus. I l l , 2: Ysopete. Fab. IV, 5.

Aesopica. 101. 472: type 244; motif 5951.2: Keller: cf. Tubach. 1360. Babrius. 72: Phaedrus. 1. 3: Ysopete. Fab. 11. 15: La Fontaine. IV. 9. Cf. Hansen. '244.

Aesopicu. 293: Tubach. 5228. Babrius. 27; Phaedrus. 1. 22: Ysopere. Fab. 11, 19.

Aesopica. 165: motif L332. Babrius. 31: Phaedrus. IV. 6; La Fontaine. IV. 6.

Aesopica. 141: motif U 113. Mey. vii.

Aesopica. 492; type 162; motif J1032. R170: Tubach. 4596. Phaedrus, 11. 8 ; Ysopere. Fab. 111. 19: La Fontaine. IV. 21.

Aesopica, 78. Phaedrus. IV, 18.

Aesopica. 723. La Fontaine. VIII, 23.

Aesopicn. 258: type 50; motif K961.1.1; Rotunda. K961.I. Fernando Arce. Adagiorum (1533: ed. Barcelona, 1950). pp. 103-105; Mey. I: La Fontaine, VIII. 3.

IV. I I La torruga ,Y el aguilu.

IV. 12 E l lebn y el rarbn.

IV. 13 Las liebres .v /as ranas.

IV. 14 El gallo y el zorro.

1V.

1V.

15 El leon y la cabra.

16 La hacha ,Y el mango.

IV. 17 La onza ,v 10s pasrores.

IV. 18 Elgrajo vuno.

IV. 19 E l hombre .v la comadreja.

IV. 20 Baralla de lar comadrejas ,y de 10s ruiones.

IV.

IV ,

21 El leon y la ranu.

22 El ciervo y 10s hueyes.

IV. 23 Los navegantes.

IV.

IV.

24 El torrenre .v el rio.

25 E l leon. el loho ,Y la :orra.

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

416 Kentucky Romance Quarterly

V . I L o s rtrroni's ,\' i.1 'yu/o. Arsopictr. 79: motif K2061.9. Bahrius. 17: Phaedruh. IV. 2; Z'sopere. Rein. VIII. Cf. "Hazer de la gata de Juan Hurtado" (Covarruhias. S.V. p r t r ) .

A~soprccr. 187: type 1225: motif K566. KI 121.1: Tuhach. 2605; Kellcr. KII2I . I : Rotunda. Bahrius. 122: Z'sop~rc~. Fah. 111. 2: Mey. xxii: L a Fontaine. V. 8.

.4esopicu. 181: motif W155.1. Bahrius. 7: La Fontaine. VI. 16.

CC type 1689: motif 52571: Rotunda. La Fontaine. IX. 4.

Ae.sopic~t1. 358: type 2148: motif J951.1; ruhach. 386; Keller. Bahriiis. 139: Y.soperv. Av. IV: Mateo Alemdn. Gu:niiin [ I t A//~irucl?r. 11. i , 8 : 1-a Fontaine, V. 21.

A ~ s o p i ~ . t r . 87: motif D876. Babrius. 123; Y.wpc~e. Av. X X I V : La Fontairie. v , 13.

Ae.soprc.tr. 322; type 276: motif 51063.1. UI2I . l : Tuhach. 1311: Rotunca. 51063.1. Bahrius. 109: Ysopere. Av. 111: LJ Fontaine. XII. 10.

A t w p r c t r . 43; type 278A*; motif 5752.1: Rotunda 5742.

Aesoipic~u. .124; type 57: motif K334.1: Tuhnch. 2177: Keller. Bahriiis. 77: Phaedrus. I. 13: Fernso Lope. Crbnico de D. Joao 1. ch. 13: Ysopere. Fah. I . IS: La Fontaine. I . 2. Cf. R. MenCndcz Pidal. Hominuge ir Ernt,.s/ Murrinrnclir (Paris. 1938). pp. 183-1 86.

V. 2 El trsno ,v el loho.

V. 3 El usno .I ' rl c.crhrrllo.

4 E l Ithrutlor -I' lo provitlenciu. V.

V . 5 E l m i o wsrrtlo de I&n.

V . 6 La gullrnu 10s Iiuevos de oro.

V. 7 Lot cungrqjos.

V . 8 Lus runus sc~cljenrcrs.

V . 9 El w i w o I' r l :orro.

V . V .

V .

10 tin c,ojo .I' i r n pictrrbn. I I El ctrrrt'rcro .v Hi.ri.ir1e.s.

Ae.sopr<.u. 291: motif 51034. Bahrius. 20: La Fontaine. VI. 18. I 2 La :orru , I , cl c~ l r ivo .

Arsoprc.u. 9: type 31: motif K652. Phacdru . IV. 9: Y s o p c ~ . Rem. I l l : La Fontainc. I l l , 5 .

.4c.wpic.tr. 474: motif 8270: Keller. Phaedrus. I. 10: Z'ropcrc. Fab. I I . 18: La Fontainc. II. 3.

. . ( u o ~ ~ ~ ~ L J . 281: motif 5972: Tuhach. 1132. Biihrius. 5 : La Fontaine. VI1. 13.

.4rwip icrr . 533: motif 5341 . I : Tuh;ich. 297. Ph.iedrus. App. I : Ysuprc. Fah. 1 1 1 . 17.

.4csoprcu. 50: motif 51908.2: Rotunda. Bahrius. 32: Lope de Vrga . El /)r;iit,i/)l,/i~r!l,i,rf). I .'I pte.. 11. xiv; Lope de Vcga. Ejci i iplo t k c~trsur/irs (Jareiio. p. 147n): La Fontaine. I I . 18. Espinosx. 111. 275-277.

V. 13 El loho. /ti 'rirru I ' (4 imirio jue:.

v , I4 LOS 1 k I S ,~"llO.V.

V . I5 Lo i n o m I' lo :orru.

V . I6 Lrr , i y r ~ r itirclcr.

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

Samaniego’s Fables 417

v.

V ,

17 La Ieonu .v e l 0.70. Aesopicu. 414: motif C136. La Fontaine. X. 12.

Aesopicu, 134; type 122F; motif K553. La Fontaine, IX. 10. Cf. Espinosa. 111. 446.

Aesoprcu. 477: motif 51383. Phaedrus. 1. 16: Ysopek-. Fab. 11. I I .

Aesoprcu. 266. Babrius. 66: Phardrus. IV. 10: Lrl Fontaine. 1. 7. Cf. Covarrubias (s.v. ulforju): “La alforja qur se echa a las espaldas es simholo del olvido.”

Aesopicu. 164: motif 3217.2. Babrius. 141: Phaedrus. 1V. I : Ysopere. Fab. 111. 18.

Aesopicu. 224: motif 5674. I .

A~sopicii. 482: motif K2061.8: Tubach. 1716. Phaedrus. 1. 25.

Aesopicii, 51 1; motif J951.4. Phaedrus. IV. 2; Ysopere. Fah. IV. 2.

Aesopicu. 346: type 201; motif L451.3: Tubach. 5337: Keller. Rotunda; Babrius. 100: Phaedrus, 111. 7: Ysope/e. Fab. Il l . 15: La Fontaine, I, 5.

18 El lobo y el perro fluco.

V.

V. 20 Lo u1fbr-u.

19 Lo owju .v el ciervo.

V , 21 El usno infi.liz.

V.

V.

V. 24 La comudreju 10s rutoncs.

V. 25 El loho .v el perro.

22 El jirhcrli .v lu :orru.

23 El perro .v el cocodrilo.

VI. 1 El pustor J , el /iIbso/io.

VI.

VI.

VI.

V1.

VI .

VI.

VI .

VI.

V I .

Gay. 1. Intro.

Gay. 1. 3 I .

Gay, I. 5.

Aesopicu. 562: type 6: motif K561.1. Ysoperr. Extrav. 111. Hansen. 6.

Gay. 1. 36.

Cf. Aesopicu. 306: motif U21.1. Cf. Babrius. 117: Gay. 1. 28.

Gay. I. 27.

Aesopicu. 137: motif J953.10. Bahrius. 84: Ysopere. Fab. IV. 16.

Aesopiccr. 85: motif 51733. La Fontaine, VIII. 12.

Gay. 1. I V1. I I Lu miier/e.

Gay, 1. 47. V1.

La Fontaine. X11. 14

2 El hombre .v b junrusmu.

3 E l juhuli y el curnero.

4 E l ruposo. Iu niujer .s el gdlo.

5 El filosofo ,v el rusrico.

6 LU puvu J Iu hortniccu.

7 El en/i.mio J lu vision.

8 El cumello .v Iu p u l p

9 El crrclo. el curnero J lu i.iihrii.

10 E l Iebn, el ri<qre ,v el c~imini~nre .

12 El umor .y lii locirra.

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

418 Kentucky Romance Quarterly

VII . I El rtrposu e?/ermo.

VI1. Gap. 1. 29.

2 Las esequius de lu leonu. La Fontaine. VII1. 14.

3 El poeru -v la roso.

4 El huho ,v el hombre.

V I I .

VII.

VII. 5 Lti mona.

VI1.

VII. 7 Denzerrio .r Menundro.

VII. 8 Lus hormips .

V I I . 9 Los p r o s escriipiilosos. V11.

Motif 8232. Gay. I. 4 .

Aesopicu. 201: motif 51792.1.

Gay. 1. 45.

Gay. I. 41.

Motif 5369.2: Tubach. 3510. Ysopere. Alf. XXI.

A r ~ p i c a . 505; motif J553.1. Phaedrus. I l l . 14.

Aesopicu. 523. Phaedrus. V. 1.

Aesopicu, 166; motif A201 1.2.

6 Esopo J un cireniense.

10 El upi i la J lu asamhleu de 10s c~nimuler.

v11, I I LU prrlomo.

VII. 12 El chivo ufeirodo.

V I I I , Aesopicu. 519; motif 5222. Phaedrus. IV. 23.

V I I I . Gay. 1. 49.

V I I I . La Fontaine. x. 14.

V I I I . 4 El /iloso/bJ el.faisun. Gay. I . 15.

V I I I . 5 El xporero medico. ,4esopieo. 475; Motif K1955.7. Phaedrus. 1. 14.

VIII . Aesopicu. 172: type 222A; motif B26l.l. Cf. Ysoperr. Fab. Il l . 4: La Fontainr. 11. 5

Cf. Aesopicu, 556; cf. motif 5312.1. Gay. I. 24.

Gay. I. 42.

Gay, I. 22. I El nuufrugio de Simonides.

2 El /ilit.rofo J la pulga.

3 El ctiztrdor .s los conejos.

6 El tniircielugo .y lo comadreiu.

V I I I . 7 Lo n7uriposii J' el curacol.

V I I I , 8 Los clos riririreros.

V I I I . 9 El ruposo ,)' el perro.

I El p r o J' /as UYCS.

Gay. I I . I . IX,

Cf. motifs K810. K815.15.

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

Samaniego’s Fables 419

IX. 2 Lo dunru pusroril. IX. 3 Los dos perros. IX. 4 Lu modu.

IX.

IX.

IX. IX,

Cf. Aesopicu. 332; motif 5953.1. Cf. Babrius. 104. IX.

Cf. Aesopicu. 507. IX. 10 El omo y el p r o .

Cf. motif 52103.1. IX. I I Los dos cuzudores.

Cf. motif 5572.1. IX. 12 El ~ U I O .v el cuzudor. I X . 13 El ptrsror.

IX. 14 El rordo /luulisrtr. I X . 15 El roposo y el lobo. 1X. 16 E l ciududuno pusror. I X . 17 El ludron.

IX. I X .

Gay. 1. 14.

Gay. 1. 17.

Cf. Phaedrus. 111. 8: La Fontaine. I . I I .

5 El lobo .v el musrin.

6 Lo hermosu .v el espejo.

7 El V ~ J O y el chulan. 8 La guru con cuscuheles.

9 El ruiseRor .v el mochuelo.

Cf. Garcilaso. Eglogu 1. 1-6.

Aesopictr. 400: motif Q597.3. I8 E1,joven / i loso/o .v sus cotnpuheros. 19 El elefanre. el roro. el osno y 10s demas unimoles.

Motifs B232. U I I . I . 1 ; cf. Tubach. 397: cf. Rotunda, U11.1.1.1’.

Were any conclusions to be drawn from this list. they would indicate that of the 157 fables in Samaniego’s collection. fewer than fifteen show any signs of being completely original with him. Sixty-four fables have identical themes to those of La Fontaine, and in a few cases Samaniego’s poems are little more than free translations from the French. Twenty fables are based on the English fables of John Gay, and here again Samaniego’s versions are little more than translations. though somewhat shortened in most cases. As for the original fables. at least two (IX. 13, and IX, 16) are not really fables. and the others are occasionally suggestive of recurrent themes in fable and folk literature, so sources for these may yet be found.

SHIPPENSBURG STATE COLLEGE

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014

420 Kentucky Romance Quarterly

Notes

’ For a general introduction to fable literature. see Ben Edwin Perry. ”Fablt,” ’ See Auguste Lkopold Hervieux. IYS jirhulisre.7 Itirin.7 t l e p i s /c sil.c/e d’Aic,~ii.~tt’

jitsyir’ii /ti /it7 du mqrvn ir,ce. 5 vols. (Paris. 1893-99) ‘ Heinrich Steinhiiwel‘s German trtinslation (Ulm. 1474?) suhscquently influenced

the French (Lyon. 1480). English (Caxton. 1483). and Spanish (Zaragoza. 1489). at least in matters of organization. Even the woodcuts adorning these early editions trace back t o the German source: see R. T. Lenaghan. ed.. Caxton S Aesop (Cambridge. Mass.. 1967). “Introduction.”

‘ See Alberto Navarro Gonzalez, “Prologo.” Tomas de Iriarte. Poesias (Madrid. 1953). pp. XI-xli: Manfred Lentzen. “Tomis d e Iriartes Faheln und der Neoklassizirnus in Spanien.” RF. 79 (1967). 603-620. esp. 61 1-615.

‘ Cf. Gabriel Germain. “La Fontaine et les Vabulistes espagnols.” RLC. 12 (1932). 312-329: R. J. Niess. “A Study of the InHuence of Jean de la Fontaine on the Works o f Felix M.’ de Samaniep.” Diss. Univ. of Minnesota 1943: Ernesto Jareiio. ed.. S;imaniego, Ftrhultrs (Madrid. 1969). 19-41. Gay’s influence. though frequently men- tioned. has not been fully studied.

’ LA vitltr de Y7opc’r con sirs jilhulm 1i~storicrtftr.r (Zarapoza: Johitn Huruh. 1480); f. ‘iwmile . : long-lived and widespread reputation: cC Barrick. “Three Sixteenth-century Printc,r’c Fillers.” Roni,V. 6 (1964). 62-64. Other translations available t o Samaniego included those by Pedro Simon Abril (Zarngoz;i. 1575). Antonio de .4rfe (Sevilla. 1586). and Joaquin Romero de Cepeda (Sevilla. 1590): see Theodore S . Beardsley. Hi.Yptino-(’/u.r- s i c d Trtrrislurions Prrttred B e r ~ w n 1482 crnd 16Y9 (Pittsburgh. 1970). pp. 8-9.

. As ;in example of the interrelationship between folktale and literature. cf. ..he fahle of ”Medio-pollo.” once a pan-European fairy tale. now remembered almost exclusivelv in the version told by Ferndn Caballero in Ln Gtrviorrr: see Ralph Steel Boggs. 71ic Hcr//?/iick Ttrk irt .Spar/? t irid Frtrticc (Helsinki. 1933). p. I I .

ed. by the Real Academia Espaiiola. Madrid. 1929. The Y s o p r c ha( a

” See Perry. Rohriirs and Phoedrirs. p. xii: Lenaghan. pp. 11-13. ’’ Perry. Rohrius wid Plitretlrirs. p. xx: Perry. “Fable.” p. 19: Archer Taylor. 7%tj

Proverb (C;imbridge. Mass.. 1931). pp. 27-32. Samaniego apparently did not recognize this relationship: cf. Juliin Apriiz. Ohrtrs cririctrs de Do/i F+/i.v Mtrritr tfe Strmtrui~,,yo (Bilbao. 1898). p. 54.

“’ Indexed by John E. Keller and James H. Johnson. “Motif-Index Clashilication o f Fables and Tales of Ysopc,rcJ Y.rrorrtido.“ SFQ. 18 (1954). 85-1 17.

Dow

nloa

ded

by [

Uni

vers

ity o

f N

orth

Car

olin

a] a

t 10:

23 1

0 N

ovem

ber

2014