Upload
others
View
9
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
SAMPLE ASSESSMENT MATERIALS
(SAMs)
USP70 – Anatomy and Physiology for Sport
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Please write clearly in block capitals.
Centre number
Learner number
Surname
Other names
Learner signature
Date
External Sample Assessment Material
USP70 – Anatomy and Physiology for Sport
SAMPLE EXAM QUESTIONS Time allowed: Instructions
Use black ink.
Answer all questions.
You must answer questions in the spaces provided.
Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
Information
There are two sections to this paper.
Both sections should be attempted.
The marks for the questions are shown in brackets. Advice Please read each question carefully before answering.
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
1 (a) Which division of the skeleton includes the lumbar and thoracic vertebrae?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 1 = 1 mark
2 (a) What type of bone is the patella?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 2 = 1 mark
The human skeleton comprises 206 bones, which are divided into two groups or
divisions.
The bones of the skeleton vary in size and shape depending on their function and
location. They can be classified into one of five groups.
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
3 (a) Identify two types of cartilaginous joint.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 3 = 2 marks
4 (a) Complete the table below, Table 1, by identifying one movement available at each of the joints listed. A different movement must be identified at each joint.
(4 marks)
Table 1
Joint Movement
Lumbar spine
Elbow
Ankle
Cervical spine
Total for Question 4 = 4 marks
Cartilaginous joints have certain common features but vary in the movement they allow depending on their location.
All movement in the body is produced by skeletal muscles that lead to various joint
movements.
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
5 (a) Describe the main characteristics of cardiac muscle.
(1 mark)
Total for Question 5 = 1 mark
6 (a) List three actions of the pectoralis major.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 6 = 3 marks
There are 3 main muscle types within the body, each with its own characteristics and function.
Many skeletal muscles are capable of producing movements in several planes of motion.
One such muscle is pectoralis major.
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
7 (a) Explain the role of a synergist muscle.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 7 = 2 marks
8 (a) During the upward phase of a wide grip pull-up, what is the action of the latissimus
dorsi producing at the shoulder joint?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 8 = 1 mark
9 (a) Which muscle group is the antagonist during flexion of the knee? (1 mark)
Total for Question 9 = 1 mark
Movement at a joint typically requires the contribution of a number of muscles.
Complex movements such as jumping and climbing involve a number of joints and
movements working together.
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
10 (a) List two functions of the respiratory system.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 10 = 2 marks
11 (a) Explain the function of arteries.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 11 = 2 marks
The cardiovascular system comprises the heart, blood and blood vessels and works in conjunction with respiratory system.
Blood vessels form a closed system of tubes that transport blood to the tissues and then back to the heart.
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
12 (a) Identify the composition of carbon dioxide in exhaled air.
(1 mark)
Total for Question 12 = 1 mark
13 (a) Describe two differences between type I and type II muscle fibre types.
(4 marks)
Total for Question 13 = 4 marks
Air flows between the atmosphere and the lungs in different quantities of gasses.
Skeletal muscle contains three types of fibre: type I, type IIa and type IIb.
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
14 (a) Describe the sliding filament theory from the point where an impulse arrives at the neuromuscular junction to the point of muscle contraction.
(8 marks)
Total for Question 14 = 8 marks
The physiological process which results in the contraction of a muscle is known as the
sliding filament theory.
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
15 (a) Describe the journey of red blood cells (RBC) through the systemic circulation. Begin
your description at the aorta and end the journey at the right ventricle. You should name all
the relevant structures that the RBCs pass through.
(4 marks)
Total for Question 15 = 4 marks
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 37 MARKS
END OF EXAM
The cardiovascular system is divided into the pulmonary and systemic circulation systems.
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The human skeleton comprises 206 bones, which are divided into two groups or divisions.
Q1 (a) Which division of the skeleton includes the lumbar and thoracic vertebrae?
UNIT CODE USP70
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
Axial Maximum = 1 Mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP70 – Marking Guide
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The bones of the skeleton vary in size and shape depending on their function and location. They can be classified into one of five groups.
Q2 (a) What type of bone is the patella?
UNIT CODE USP70
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
Sesamoid bone
Maximum = 1 Mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Cartilaginous joints have certain common features but vary in the movement they allow depending on their location.
Q3 (a) Identify two types of cartilaginous joint
UNIT CODE USP70
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct response for any two of the following:
IV disc
Pubis symphysis
Between ribs and sternum
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for any other correct example.
Do not award
marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
All movement in the body is produced by skeletal muscles that lead to various joint movements.
Q4 (a) Complete the table below, Table 1, by identifying one movement available at each of the joints listed. A different movement must be identified at each joint.
UNIT CODE USP70
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 Mark for each correct movement, for each joint type:
Joint Movement
Lumbar spine Flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation
Elbow Flexion , extension (accept pronation / supination)
Ankle Dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, inversion, eversion
Cervical spine Flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation
Maximum = 4 Marks
4 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for the correct identification of any correct joint movement. 1 mark for each joint only.
Do not award
marks for
No half marks to be awarded.
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
There are 3 main muscle types within the body, each with its own characteristics and function.
Q5 (a) Describe the main characteristics of cardiac muscle.
UNIT CODE USP70
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct response for any one of the following: The candidate’s response should address the following points:
Striated
Located in the heart
Typically, involuntary
Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Total marks available – 1 mark for an accurate description
Do not award
marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Many skeletal muscles are capable of producing movements in several planes of motion. One such muscle is pectoralis major.
Q6 (a) List three actions of the pectoralis major.
UNIT CODE USP70
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for the following: Movements to the shoulder joint include:
Adduction
Horizontal flexion
Medial or internal rotation
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for each correct answer. Up to 3 marks in total. Accept any other movements at the shoulder joint not listed e.g. extension from a flexed position.
Do not award
marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Movement at a joint typically requires the contribution of a number of muscles.
Q7 (a) Explain the role of a synergist muscle.
UNIT CODE USP70
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Allocate up to 2 marks for the following summary: The role of a synergist is to aid the prime mover in a particular joint action or to stabilise a joint around which a movement occurs Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 2 marks for a correct explanation identifying the points above.
Do not award
marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Complex movements such as jumping and climbing involve a number of joints and movements working together.
Q8 (a) During the upward phase of a wide grip pull-up, what is the action of the latissimus dorsi producing at the shoulder joint?
UNIT CODE USP70
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
Adduction
Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other answers that are correct but not listed.
Do not award
marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q9 (a) Which muscle group is the antagonist during flexion of the knee?
UNIT CODE USP70
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Pass
Award 1 mark for:
Quadriceps group
Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for the correct identification of antagonist muscles
Do not award
marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The cardiovascular system comprises the heart, blood and blood vessels and works in conjunction with respiratory system.
Q10 (a) List two functions of the respiratory system.
UNIT CODE USP70
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct response for any two of the following:
Transport air into the lungs
Facilitate gas exchange at the lungs
Facilitate diffusion of O2 into the blood stream
Facilitate removal of CO2 from the body
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark each for any two of the above. 2 marks in total. Allocate marks for any other correct answers not listed. Please raise other answers not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Blood vessels form a closed system of tubes that transport blood to the tissues and then back to the heart.
Q11 (a) Explain the function of arteries.
UNIT CODE USP70
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Allocate up to 2 marks for the following summary: The primary function of arteries is to deliver / transport oxygenated blood around the body to the tissues
for respiration, except for pulmonary arteries which carry de-oxygenated blood.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for explaining that arteries transport oxygenated blood to the tissues. Allocate 1 mark for explaining that pulmonary arteries carry de-oxygenated blood.
Do not award
marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Air flows between the atmosphere and the lungs in different quantities of gasses.
Q12 (a) Identify the composition of carbon dioxide in exhaled air.
UNIT CODE USP70
LO4 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
4%
Maximum = 1 Mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for correctly identifying the composition
Do not award
marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Skeletal muscle contains three types of fibre: type I, type IIa and type IIb.
Q13 Describe two differences between type I and type II muscle fibre types.
UNIT CODE USP70
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 2 marks for each correct description – any two of the following:
Speed of contraction: type 1 slow; type 2 b very fast
Contraction force: type 1 low; type 2 b very high.
Diameter of muscle fibre: type 1 small; type 2 b large
Mitochondrial density: type 1 high; type 2 b low
Myoglobin content: type 1 high; type 2 b low
Resistance to fatigue: type 1 high; type 2 b low
Capillary density: type 1 high; type 2 b low
Main metabolic pathway for ATP production (aerobic/anaerobic capacity): Type 1 aerobic; Type 2
anaerobic
Maximum = 4 Marks
4 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 2 mark for each correct description between type I and II as outlined above.
Do not award marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The physiological process which results in the contraction of a muscle is known as the sliding filament theory.
Q14 (a) Describe the sliding filament theory from the point where an impulse arrives at the neuromuscular junction to the point of muscle contraction.
UNIT CODE USP70
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Distinction
Allocate up to 8 marks for the following summary:
An impulse arrives at the neuromuscular junction
Acetylcholine is transmitted across the synaptic cleft
The motor end plate becomes depolarised
The impulse travels via the transverse tubules to the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Calcium ions are released
Myosin filaments attach to the actin filaments
ATP is released and the myosin heads pull the actin filaments
The sarcomere shortens Maximum = 8 marks
8 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark up to a maximum of 6 marks for an accurate description of the sliding filament theory / mechanism. Allocate 2 extra marks for describing the interaction between calcium troponin and tropomyosin in that process.
Do not award
marks for
USP70M/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The cardiovascular system is divided into the pulmonary and systemic circulation systems.
Q15 (a) Describe the journey of red blood cells (RBC) through the systemic circulation. Begin your description at the aorta and you should
name all the relevant structure the RBCs pass through.
UNIT CODE USP70
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Distinction
Blood travels out of the aorta through the arteries, through arterioles and to
capillaries where gas and nutrient exchange takes place.
Blood then travels via the venuoles to the veins, to the vena cava and into the right
atrium and then left ventricle.
Maximum = 4 marks
4 marks
Additional guidance
Total marks available – 4 marks for correctly identifying the route and naming the structures.
Do not award
marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
SAMPLE ASSESSMENT MATERIALS
(SAMs)
USP71 – Business in Sport
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Please write clearly in block capitals.
Centre number
Learner number
Surname
Other names
Learner signature
Date
External Sample Assessment Material
USP71 – Business in Sport
SAMPLE EXAM QUESTIONS Time allowed: Instructions Use black ink.
Answer all questions.
You must answer questions in the spaces provided.
Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
Information
There are two sections to this paper.
Both sections should be attempted.
The marks for the questions are shown in brackets.
Advice Please read each question carefully before answering.
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
1 (a) List three ways in which a private sector sports business can raise funds.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 1 = 3 marks
2 (a) Describe the main characteristics of a limited liability company.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 2 = 2 marks
James is a sports clothing designer planning to go into business to sell the clothes he
designs. There are many types of business that James could set up.
.
There are many different types of sports business, which vary in their aims, structure and
funding.
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
3 (a) Explain three disadvantages of the franchise business model.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 3 = 3 marks
4 (a) Identify who a company’s Chief Executive typically reports to.
(1 mark)
Total for Question 4 = 1 mark
In order for a company to be successful it needs a well-defined structure, which gives a clear indication of the roles and responsibilities of all of those working within the organisation.
Susan has a significant amount of capital to invest in a sport and active leisure business
and is considering buying a franchise but is unsure.
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
5 (a) Identify the three pillars of sustainability.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 5 = 3 marks
6 (a) Describe two ways in which meeting customer needs can benefit a company.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 6 = 2 marks
When setting up a sports business it is important to understand what factors contribute to a successful business.
The concept of sustainability in business is considered to have three pillars.
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
7 (a) Identify three forms of legislation that will have an effect on a business.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 7 = 3 marks
8 (a) Describe, with examples, the difference between a start-up cost and running costs.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 8 = 3 marks
When setting up a sports business it is important to maintain an awareness of the legal and financial influences on the business.
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
9 (a) List three Marketing activities that are typically used in a sports business.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 9 = 3 marks
10 (a) Explain the difference between primary and secondary research.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 10 = 2 marks
Many aspects of a business depend on successful Marketing and Market research.
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
11 (a) Identify two reasons why you would chose to use a primary research method.
(2 marks)
11 (b) Describe three methods of collecting primary research data for a business.
(3 marks)
11 (c) Describe three areas that market research can be used to benefit a business.
(6 marks)
Market research can provide a business with a considerable amount of useful information which can help to shape its promotional strategy.
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Total for Question 11 = 11 Marks
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
12 (a) Define cash flow.
(2 marks)
12 (b) Describe the difference between positive and negative cash flow.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 12 = 4 Marks
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 40 MARKS
END OF EXAM
One of the most common reasons for businesses to fail is poor cash flow, even for profitable businesses.
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
There are many different types of sports business, which vary in their aims, structure and funding.
Q1 (a) List three ways in which a private sector sports business can raise funds.
UNIT CODE USP 71
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 Mark each for any three of the following:
Private investment
Membership fees
Sales
Sponsorship Maximum = 3 Marks
3 Marks
Additional guidance
Award 1 Mark each for any three ways listed. Allocate Marks for any other correctly identified method not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award Marks for
USP71 – Marking Guide
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
James is a sports clothing designer planning to go into business to sell the clothes he designs. There are many types of business that
James could set up.
Q2 (a) Describe the main characteristics of a limited liability company.
UNIT CODE USP71
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate up to 2 Marks for the following summary:
Limited Liability Company: A limited liability company is a business structure where company members are not held personably reliable for the company’s debts or liabilities. Maximum = 2 Marks
2 Marks
Additional guidance
Award 2 Marks for an appropriate description of a LLC. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Susan has a significant amount of capital to invest in a sport and active leisure business and is considering buying a franchise but is unsure.
Q3 (a) Explain three disadvantages of the franchise business model.
UNIT CODE USP71
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 Mark each for any three of the following:
Franchise agreements dictate the general running of a business
There may be little room for personal creativity
Franchise agreements can place restrictions on business operations
There may be restrictions on the types of suppliers a business can use Maximum = 3 Marks
3 Marks
Additional guidance
Award 1 Mark each for any three of the disadvantages listed.
Allocate Marks for any other correctly described disadvantage.
Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
In order for a company to be successful it needs a well-defined structure, which gives a clear indication of the roles and responsibilities of all of those working within the organisation.
Q4 (a) Identify who a company’s Chief Executive typically reports to.
UNIT CODE USP71
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 Mark for: Board of directors
Maximum = 1 Mark
1 Mark
Additional guidance
Award 1 Mark for correctly stating who a CEO reports to.
Do not award
Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The concept of sustainability in business is considered to have three pillars.
Q5 (a) Identify the three pillars of sustainability.
UNIT CODE USP 71
LO2 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 Mark each for the following:
Economic
Social or ethical
Environmental
Maximum = 3 Marks
3 Marks
Additional guidance
Award 1 Mark for a correct pillar Award Marks for other terms typically used if not listed above.
Do not award
Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
When setting up a sports business it is important to understand what factors contribute to a successful business.
Q6 (a) Describe two ways in which meeting customer needs can benefit a company.
UNIT CODE USP71
LO2 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 Mark each for any two of the following:
Enhances customer satisfaction
Promotes repeat business
Encourages customer loyalty
Facilitates customer retention and improved profits
Maximum = 2 Marks
2 Marks
Additional guidance
Award 1 Mark each for any two correctly described benefit Allocate Marks for any other benefit not listed. Record this for standardisation.
Do not award
Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
When setting up a sports business it is important to maintain an awareness of the legal and financial influences on the business.
Q7 (a) Identify three forms of legislation that will have an effect on a business.
UNIT CODE USP71
LO3 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 Mark each for the following:
Employment law
Consumer protection
Competition law
Maximum = 3 Marks
3 Marks
Additional guidance
Award 1 Mark each for any three forms of legislation. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q8 (a) Describe, with examples, the difference between a start-up cost and running costs.
UNIT CODE USP71
LO3 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate up to 3 Marks for the following:
Start-up costs are those costs incurred to establish the business e.g. Gym equipment
Running costs are those that contribute to the day to day running of the business e.g. electricity costs
Maximum = 3 Marks
3 Marks
Additional guidance
Award 1 Mark for each correct description of start-up and running costs up to 2 Marks.
Award 1 Mark for an example of each up to 1 Mark.
Do not award Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Many aspects of a business depend on successful Marketing and Market research.
Q9 (a) List three Marketing activities that are typically used in a sports business.
UNIT CODE USP71
LO4 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate 1 Mark for each correct response for any three of the following:
Web design
Social media
Promotions
Sponsorship
Events
Media
Maximum = 3 Marks
3 Marks
Additional guidance
Award 1 Mark for each correct activity.
Award a Mark for any activity not listed above that is correct.
Do not award Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q10 (a) Explain the difference between primary and secondary research.
UNIT CODE USP 71
LO4 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 Mark each for the following:
Primary research involves collection of new data in the field
Secondary research involve collecting existing data that has previously been collected or published
Maximum = 2 Marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Award 1 Mark for each correct description.
Do not award
Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Market research can provide a business with a considerable amount of useful information which can help to shape its promotional strategy.
Q11 (a) Identify two reasons why you would chose to use a primary research method.
UNIT CODE USP71
LO4 Answer
Total Marks
Pass
Allocate 1 Mark for each correct response for any two of the following:
The data gathered can be specific to the business’s needs The data is new and therefore not necessarily available to competitors The data collection methods can be controlled The research design can be tailored to the business plan
Maximum = 2 Marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Market research can provide a business with a considerable amount of useful information which can help to shape its promotional strategy.
Q11 (b) Describe three methods of collecting primary research data for a business.
UNIT CODE USP71
LO4 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 mark each for the following:
Questionnaires
Focus groups
Surveys
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Award 1 mark each for a description of the methods of data collection required.
Do not award
Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Market research can provide a business with a considerable amount of useful information which can help to shape its promotional strategy.
Q11 (c) Describe three areas that Market research can be used to benefit a business.
UNIT CODE USP71
LO4 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate up to 6 Marks for the following summary Award 1 Mark each for area identified up to a maximum of 3 marks Award 1 Mark each for area described up to a maximum of 3 marks
Customer knowledge: It is important to understand the characteristics of your customers and the segments they fall into, as this allows businesses to match their products to customers’ needs and types.
Competitors: Having an understanding of what your competitors are doing and their strengths and weaknesses is important, as it can provide an insight into gaps in the Market and help with decisions regarding pricing.
The Market: In order to find out how the goods and/or services provided by your company compare to others that are available, you need to understand the Market. This also provides an understanding of the general business environment.
Trends and demands: An awareness of trends can provide a business with useful information regarding forthcoming business opportunities and an early warning that a product or activity is going out of fashion. Understanding of the demand for goods or services is needed to determine the price, quantity and quality of a product before it is launched.
Maximum = 6 Marks
6 Marks
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Additional guidance
Do not award
Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
One of the most common reasons for businesses to fail is poor cash flow, even for profitable businesses.
Q12 (a) Define cash flow
UNIT CODE USP71
LO3 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 Mark each for the following:
Cash flow is the relationship between how much money is coming in and out of a business and represents the operational activities of the organisation
Maximum = 2 Marks
2 Marks
Additional guidance
Allocate Marks for descriptions that are accurate but not listed above
Do not award
Marks for
USP71/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
One of the most common reasons for businesses to fail is poor cash flow, even for profitable businesses.
Q12 (b) Describe the difference between positive and negative cash flow.
UNIT CODE USP71
LO3 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 Mark each for the following:
Positive cash flow represents the periods when cash inflows are higher than cash outflows
Negative cash flow represents periods when cash outflows are greater than cash inflows
Maximum = 2 Marks
2 Marks
Additional guidance
Allocate Marks for descriptions that are accurate but not listed above
Do not award
Marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
SAMPLE ASSESSMENT MATERIALS
(SAMs)
USP78 – Lifestyle Factors
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Please write clearly in block capitals.
Centre number
Learner number
Surname
Other names
Learner signature
Date
External Sample Assessment Material
USP78 – Lifestyle Factors
SAMPLE EXAM QUESTIONS Time allowed: Instructions
Use black ink.
Answer all questions.
You must answer questions in the spaces provided.
Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
Information
There are two sections to this paper.
Both sections should be attempted.
The marks for the questions are shown in brackets. Advice Please read each question carefully before answering.
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q1 (a) Describe the impact of a poor diet on two medical conditions.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 1 = 2 marks
Q2 (a) List three diseases risks that are reduced through the participation of regular
exercise.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 2 = 3 marks
The positive effects of exercise on our physical health, such as reduction in the risk of diseases.
Over the last 30 years we have become increasingly sedentary, as our reliance on
technology has decreased the level of physical activity in our everyday lives and facilitated
the rise in fast food outlets.
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q3 (a) Identify two conditions associated with increased levels of stress.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 3 = 2 marks
Most of us at some time in our life will experience stress which can have a detrimental effect on our health.
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q4 (a) Describe the FITT principle (4 marks)
Total for Question 4 = 4 marks
Q5 (a) What is the department of Health’s recommendation for the frequency of vigorous activity to maintain cardiovascular health?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 5 = 1 mark
The acronym FITT is used to abbreviate the main principles of exercise prescription and physical activity guidance.
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
6 (a) Suggest three ways in which an individual could improve their diet.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 6 = 3 marks
7 (a) State the current recommendation for the maximum amount of sugar an adult should consume per day.
(1 mark)
Total for Question 7 = 1 mark
Many of us in the UK consume too much sugar, which can be detrimental to our health.
Although the benefits of a healthy lifestyle are well documented, we live in an environment that makes it difficult to adhere to these lifestyles.
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
8 (a) Identify three barriers to regular participation in exercise
(3 marks)
Total for Question 8 = 3 marks
9 (a) Explain why the Eatwell Guide suggests we should base our meals around starchy foods.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 9 = 2 marks
The Eatwell Guide is one mechanism through which we can chose to base healthy eating habits upon.
It is well acknowledged that people’s attitudes and beliefs to lifestyle can be affected through behaviour change.
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
10 (a) Identify three benefits associated with engaging in regular muscular fitness exercises?
(3 marks)
Total for Question 10 = 3 marks
11 (a) According to the recommendations of the Department of Health, what is the recommended amount of time someone should engage in moderate intensity activity to maintain cardiovascular health?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 11 = 1 mark
In order to obtain the many benefits regular participation in exercise can provide, it is
important that we perform the right type and amount of activity.
In addition to its role in cardiovascular exercise other forms of exercise are also important for improved health.
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q12 (a) Identify the stage of behaviour change Abigail is currently at.
(1 mark)
Q12 (b) Describe the key features of this stage.
(1 mark)
Q12 (c) Explain how advice and education could help Abigail facilitate moving from one stage to the next to increase her activity levels.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 12 = 4 marks
Abigail has been physically inactive for most of her adult life but a recent health scare has
made her evaluate her sedentary lifestyle. She is not currently physically active but is
thinking of becoming active.
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
13 (a) Identify the Eatwell Guide’s recommendation for eating fruit and vegetables and
provide three examples of how more fruit and vegetables can be consumed in his diet
(4 marks)
Total for Question 13 = 4 marks
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 33 MARKS
END OF EXAM
Vikesh likes food and enjoys eating. Unfortunately he likes to eat the wrong foods. A recent analysis of his diet showed that he consumes very little fruit and vegetables.
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Over the last 30 years we have become increasingly sedentary, as our reliance on technology has decreased the level of physical activity in our
everyday lives and facilitated the rise in fast food outlets.
Q1 (a) Describe the impact of a poor diet on two medical conditions.
UNIT CODE USP78
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 mark each for any two of the following:
Learners should provide a brief description of poor diet can lead to any of the following conditions:
Increased risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, constipation, diabetes, stroke, gout.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for other accurate medical conditions described that are not identified above. Record these for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP78 – Marking Guide
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The positive effects of exercise on our physical health, such as reduction in the risk of diseases.
Q2 (a) List three diseases risks that are reduced through the participation of regular exercise.
UNIT CODE USP78
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 mark each for any three of the following:
Heart disease, stroke, Type 2 diabetes, some cancers, high blood pressure, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark each for any three of the above. Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed Please highlight answers that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Most of us at some time in our life will experience stress which can have a detrimental effect on our health.
Q3 (a) Identify two conditions associated with increased levels of stress.
UNIT CODE USP78
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for any two of the following:
heart attack, ulcers, hypertension, angina, stroke Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The acronym FITT is used to abbreviate the main principles of exercise prescription and physical activity guidance.
Q4 (a) Describe the FITT principle
UNIT CODE USP78
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for the following: Learners must describe each of the following:
Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type
Maximum = 4 marksa
4 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
Do not award marks for a list.
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q5 (a) What is the department of Health’s recommendation for the frequency of vigorous activity to maintain cardiovascular health?
UNIT CODE USP78
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for: The recommended minimum FIT levels of activity for adults (18 to 65) to maintain health are:
150 minutes of moderate intensity activities every week, e.g. 5 days a week, 30 minutes. Or 75 minutes of
vigorous intensity activities, e.g. 3 days a week for at least 20 minutes. Or a combination of both moderate
and vigorous activities.
Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for the correct identification of 3 days per week.
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Although the benefits of a healthy lifestyle are well documented, we live in an environment that makes it difficult to adhere to these lifestyles.
Q6 (a) Suggest three ways in which an individual could improve their diet.
UNIT CODE USP78
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for any three of the following:
Eating more or less of certain foods, monitor food intake, food preparation, avoid takeaways and processed food. Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark each for three correct responses. Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Many of us in the UK consume too much sugar, which can be detrimental to our health.
Q7 (a) State the current recommendation for the maximum amount of sugar an adult should consume per day.
UNIT CODE USP78
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
The GDA for sugar is 90g
Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for correctly stating the current recommendation for the maximum amount of sugar an adult should consume per day.
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
It is well acknowledged that people’s attitudes and beliefs to lifestyle can be affected through behaviour change.
Q8 (a) Identify three barriers to regular participation in exercise.
UNIT CODE USP78
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for any three of the following:
Financial,
Time
Family
Work
Motivation
Children
Psychological factors
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark each for any three correct responses. Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The Eatwell Guide is one mechanism through which we can chose to base healthy eating habits upon.
Q9 (a) Explain why the Eatwell Guide suggests we should base our meals around starchy foods.
UNIT CODE USP78
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Allocate up to 2 marks for the following:
Starchy foods are a good source of energy and the main source of a range of nutrients in our diet including fibre, calcium, iron and B vitamins. Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 2 marks for an accurate explanation
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
In addition to its role in cardiovascular exercise other forms of exercise are also important for improved health.
Q10 (a) Identify three benefits associated with engaging in regular muscular fitness exercises?
UNIT CODE USP78
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for any three of the following:
Improved muscular endurance
Improved overall strength
Improved posture
Improved ADL
Greater independence
Reduced fatigue
Greater functional capacity
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for each correct response Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
In order to obtain the many benefits regular participation in exercise can provide, it is important that we perform the right type and amount of
activity.
Q11 (a) According to the recommendations of the Department of Health, what is the recommended amount of time someone should engage in moderate intensity activity to maintain cardiovascular health
UNIT CODE USP78
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for: 150 minutes of moderate intensity activities every week Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Accept answers that give reference to muscular resistance or muscular fitness. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Abigail has been physically inactive for most of her adult life but a recent health scare has made her evaluate her sedentary lifestyle. She is not
currently physically active but is thinking of becoming active.
Q12 (a) Identify the stage of behaviour change Abigail is currently at
UNIT CODE USP78
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
Contemplation Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for each stage of change correctly identified
Allocate Marks for any other correct explanations that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Abigail has been physically inactive for most of her adult life but a recent health scare has made her evaluate her sedentary lifestyle. She is not currently physically active but is thinking of becoming active.
Q12 (b) Describe the key features of this stage
UNIT CODE USP78
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for: When in contemplation an individual is not currently active but they are thinking about it. Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark each for an explanation of the key feature of this stage Allocate marks for any other correct explanations that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Abigail has been physically inactive for most of her adult life but a recent health scare has made her evaluate her sedentary lifestyle. She is not
currently physically active but is thinking of becoming active.
Q12 (c) Explain how advice and education could help Abigail facilitate moving from one stage to the next to increase her activity levels
UNIT CODE USP78
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for any two of the following:
Behaviour change may be facilitated through:
Advice and guidance on the health benefits of exercise
The potential benefits associated with Abigail’s health scare
The importance of physical activity to reduce disease risk
The importance of physical activity to reduce stress levels and improve psychological health
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 2 marks for an accurate explanation.
Allocate explanations that include other relevant information not identified above.
Allocate marks for any other correct explanations that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation
Do not award
marks for
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Vikesh likes food and enjoys eating. Unfortunately he likes to eat the wrong foods. A recent analysis of his diet showed that he consumes very
little fruit and vegetables.
Q13 (a) Identify the Eatwell Guide’s recommendation for eating fruit and vegetables and provide two examples of how more fruit and vegetables
can be consumed in his diet.
UNIT CODE USP78 LO1/3
Answer Total marks
Allocate 1 mark for: At least five portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day. Allocate 1 mark each for any 3 of the following
Examples
A glass of unsweetened 100% fruit juice (150ml) can count as one portion, and vegetables cooked into dishes also count.
Chop a banana over your breakfast cereal, or swapping your usual mid-morning snack for a piece of fresh fruit.
Try replacing a snack with a piece of fruit. A banana or an apple often costs about half the price of most
chocolate bars or packets of crisps.
Most types of fruit and vegetables can count towards our daily intake and they don’t have to be fresh to
count.
Fruit and vegetables cooked in dishes such as soups, stews or pasta all count as do frozen and tinned fruit
and vegetables.
Dried fruit such as currants, dates and figs also count but these should be eaten at mealtimes, not as a
between-meal snack, as they can cause tooth decay.
4 marks
USP78/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Maximum = 4 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
SAMPLE ASSESSMENT MATERIALS
(SAMs)
USP80 – Nutrition for Sport
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Please write clearly in block capitals.
Centre number
Learner number
Surname
Other names
Learner signature
Date
External Sample Assessment Material
USP80 – Nutrition for Sport
SAMPLE EXAM QUESTIONS Time allowed: Instructions Use black ink.
Answer all questions.
You must answer questions in the spaces provided.
Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
Information
There are two sections to this paper.
Both sections should be attempted.
The marks for the questions are shown in brackets.
Advice Please read each question carefully before answering.
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Section A
Q1 (a) Define the term ‘Recommended Daily Allowance’.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 1 = 2 marks
Q2 (a) Name two vitamins which make up the fat soluble group.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 2 = 2 marks
Pat’s training involves a considerable amount of running and his new nutritional plan requires an understanding of required nutrient consumption.
Vitamins and can be classified as either water soluble or fat soluble.
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q3 (a) How are carbohydrates primarily stored in humans?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 3 = 1 mark
Q4 (a) Describe the term ‘monosaccharide’
(2 marks)
Total for Question 4 = 2 marks
Carbohydrates, proteins and fats make up the major macronutrients.
Carbohydrate is the body’s most readily available source of energy and is the major
energy source for many sporting activities.
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q5 (a) What are fatty acids composed of?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 5 = 1 mark
Q6 (a) What is the primary role of salivary amylase when secreted in the mouth?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 6 = 1 mark
Fats or lipids can provide energy and be used for a variety of other function within the
body.
The process of digestion begins in the mouth with the mechanical breakdown in food.
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q7 (a) Define basal metabolic rate.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 7 = 2 marks
Q8 (a) Identify the level of dehydration that performance begins to be adversely affected.
(1 mark)
Total for Question 8 = 1 mark
Metabolism generally refers to all the chemical reactions of the body.
Mike is training for his first triathlon. Analysis of his current diet has revealed he does not
consume enough carbohydrates or fluids.
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q9 (a) Explain why it is important to consume enough carbohydrates for a triathlon.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 9 = 3 marks
Q10 (a) Identify three negative effects of dehydration on mental performance.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 10 = 3 marks
Being appropriately hydrated contributes to optimal health and exercise performance.
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q11 (a) Identify the three main types of sports drinks on the Market.
(3 marks)
Q11 (b) Which type of sports drink contains over 10g/100ml of carbohydrates? Describe
what sport this would be suitable for.
(2 marks)
Q11 © Identify which two electrolytes are most commonly used in sports drinks.
(2 marks)
In recent times, considerable research has gone into developing a range of specialised
sports drinks which provide specific benefits for athletes.
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Total for Question 11 = 7 Marks
Q12 (a) Describe what is meant by positive energy balance.
(2 marks)
Q12 (b) Explain how physical activity can contribute to manipulating energy balance.
(3 marks)
Total for questions 12 = 5 Marks
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 30 marks
In order to maintain energy balance, the energy taken in from the food we consume
must equal the energy we expend.
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
END OF EXAM
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Pat’s training involves a considerable amount of running and his new nutritional plan requires an understanding of required nutrient
consumption.
Q1 (a) Define the term ‘Recommended Daily Allowance’ RDA
UNIT CODE USP80
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Allocate up to 2 marks for the following summary: RDA is a term associated with recommended dietary allowance and recommends the amount of nutrient and calorie intake necessary for the maintenance of good health. Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for including – amount of nutrient and calorie intake necessary for the maintenance of good health Allocate an additional 1 mark for stating – term associated with recommended dietary allowance.
Do not award marks for
USP80 – Marking Guide
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Vitamins and can be classified as either water soluble or fat soluble.
Q2 (a) Name two vitamins which make up the fat soluble group.
UNIT CODE USP80
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for any two of the following:
Vitamin A,D,E,K
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for each correct up to 2 marks
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Carbohydrates, proteins and fats make up the major macronutrients.
Q3 (a) How are carbohydrates primarily stored in humans?
UNIT CODE USP80
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
CHO’s are stored as glycogen in humans Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Carbohydrate is the body’s most readily available source of energy and is the major energy source for many sporting activities.
Q4 (a) Describe the term ‘monosaccharide’
UNIT CODE USP80
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Allocate up to 2 marks for the following: Monosaccharides are any class of sugars that cannot be hydrolysed into a simpler sugar. The term is associated with a simple single sugar. Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Marks should reflect reference to building blocks and single sugar molecule
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Fats or lipids can provide energy and be used for a variety of other function within the body
Q5 (a) What are fatty acids composed of?
UNIT CODE USP80
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for all three of the following:
Carbon, Hydrogen and oxygen Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Total marks available – 1 mark
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The process of digestion begins in the mouth with the mechanical breakdown in food.
Q6 (a) What is the primary role of salivary amylase when secreted in the mouth?
UNIT CODE USP80
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
Initiates the breakdown of dietary carbohydrates Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for above – accept break down CHO
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Metabolism generally refers to all the chemical reactions of the body.
Q7 (a) Define basal metabolic rate.
UNIT CODE USP80
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Allocate up to 2 marks for the following summary BMR can be defined as the rate at which a person uses energy to maintain ‘basal’ basic functions in the body Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 2 marks each the description / definition above. Allocate marks for equally accurate statements
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Mike is training for his first triathlon. Analysis of his current diet has revealed he does not consume enough carbohydrates or fluids
Q8 (a) Identify the level of dehydration that performance begins to be adversely affected.
UNIT CODE USP80
LO3 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 mark for:
2%
Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for correct answer.
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q9 (a) Explain why it is important for make to consume enough carbohydrates for a triathlon
UNIT CODE USP80
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct description – any three of the following:
Carbohydrates provide a key fuel for muscular work.
CHO (glucose) oxidation increases where fat stores cannot meet the demands of exercise.
Performance of prolonged activities is enhanced through strategies that maintain high CHO
availability.
Offset CHO depletion and associated fatigue.
CHO is versatile and can support exercise over a range of intensities (e.g. through its oxidative and
anaerobic pathways).
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 3 mark for each explanation that identified any 3 points above.
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Being appropriately hydrated contributes to optimal health and exercise performance.
Q10 (a) Identify three negative effects of dehydration on mental performance.
UNIT CODE USP 80
LO3 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct description – any three of the following:
Reduced concentration levels
Adversely affects decision making
Reduced reaction times
Increased perception of effort
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for any three of the above.
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
In recent times, considerable research has gone into developing a range of specialised sports drinks which provide specific benefits for
athletes.
Q11 (a) Identify the three basic types of sports drinks on the Market.
UNIT CODE USP80
LO3 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct response from the three following:
Isotonic drinks
Hypertonic drinks
Hypotonic drinks
Sodium and Potassium are typically used in sports drinks
Maximum = 3 Marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for correctly stating hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic
Do not award marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
In recent times, considerable research has gone into developing a range of specialised sports drinks which provide specific benefits for
athletes.
Q11 (b) What type of sports drink contains over 10g/100ml of carbohydrates? Describe what sport this would be suitable for.
UNIT CODE USP80
LO3 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate 1 mark for correctly identifying Hypertonic drinks and describing:
Typically contain ≥ 10 g/100 ml carbohydrate (over 8%). They very rarely contain electrolytes.
May be consumed during ultra-distance events when high levels of energy are required.
Maximum= 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
In recent times, considerable research has gone into developing a range of specialised sports drinks which provide specific benefits for athletes.
Q11 (c) Identify which two electrolytes are most commonly used in sports drinks
UNIT CODE USP80
LO3 Answer
Total Marks
Award 1 mark each for the following:
Sodium
Potassium
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for each of the above correctly identified
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
In order to maintain energy balance, the energy taken in from the food we consume must equal the energy we expend.
Q12 (a) Describe what is meant by positive energy balance
UNIT CODE USP80
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Allocate up to 2 marks for the following summary: When energy intakes exceeds expenditure, a state of positive energy balance is achieved and body mass
will increase.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 2 marks for the description:
Allocate marks for any other correct answer.
Do not award
marks for
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
In order to maintain energy balance, the energy taken in from the food we consume must equal the energy we expend.
Q12 (b) Explain how physical activity can contribute to manipulating energy balance
UNIT CODE USP80
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 3 marks for an explanation that represents factors outlined below. Marks should be given for the quality of the explanation not a list of factors.
Positive energy balance = When energy intakes exceeds expenditure, a state of positive energy balance is achieved and body mass will increase
Physical activity can manipulate energy balance:
Physical activity typically accounts for approximately 15-30% of a person’s daily energy expenditure (DEE).
However, it can be the most variable component of daily energy expenditure and has by far the most
profound effect. For example, a sedentary person may expend as little as 100kcal in day, whereas world
class athletes nearly double their daily energy output, expending 2000 kcals, as a result of 3-4 hours of
hard training. Factors that influence energy expenditure during physical exercise include: intensity and
duration of activity, body mass, external resistance, terrain, environmental conditions.
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate Marks for any other correct answer.
USP80/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Do not award marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
SAMPLE ASSESSMENT MATERIALS
(SAMs)
USP84 – Physiology of fitness
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Please write clearly in block capitals.
Centre number
Learner number
Surname
Other names
Learner signature
Date
External Sample Assessment Material
USP84 – Physiology of fitness
SAMPLE EXAM QUESTIONS Time allowed: Instructions Use black ink.
Answer all questions.
You must answer questions in the spaces provided.
Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
Information
There are two sections to this paper.
Both sections should be attempted.
The marks for the questions are shown in brackets.
Advice Please read each question carefully before answering.
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
1) (a) Identify three long term adaptations to the muscular system in response to aerobic
training.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 1 = 3 marks
2 (a) Identify two acute effects of aerobic exercise on the respiratory system.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 2 = 2 marks
Exercise leads to an increase in muscular work and a resultant adaptation to the cardio-
respiratory systems
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
3 (a) Describe what is meant by the term ‘heart rate anticipatory rise’ (2 marks)
Total for Question 3 = 2 marks
4 (a) Explain the term ‘tidal volume’. (1 mark)
Total for Question 4 = 1 mark
5 (a) What is the by-product of anaerobic glycolysis?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 5 = 1 mark
Numerous factors can influence an individual’s breathing rate, such as age, temperature,
level of physical exertion and body position.
The energy contained in the food we consume, cannot not directly be used to provide
energy for activity, therefore it must first be converted to a form which the cells can use.
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
6 (a) Identify the factors that contribute to ‘cardiac output’.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 6 = 2 marks
7 (a) List two features of the aerobic energy system
(2 marks)
Total for Question 7 = 2 marks
The body has 3 systems to provide the energy required for exercise.
The capacity of the cardiovascular system is a crucial factor in determining an individual’s
level of aerobic fitness. Various aspects of the cardiovascular system can be measured to
provide an indication of its health and function.
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
8 (a) Describe two neural adaptations to skeletal muscle following regular participation in
resistance training
(2 marks)
Total for Question 8 = 2 marks
9 (a) Where are myoglobin stores located?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 9 = 1 mark
The energy systems of the body can function both aerobically and anaerobically depending on the demands of the activity being undertaken. The processes involved in the various energy systems occur in different parts of a cell.
Benefits to the muscular system can be achieved from both aerobic and muscular
strength training
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
10 (a) What energy system is primarily used in the shot put?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 10 = 1 mark
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
11 (a) List two methods of assessing cardiovascular fitness in the field
(2 marks)
11 (b) Provide three uses for the physiological data provided by cardiovascular fitness tests
(3 marks)
11 (c) Describe RPE and explain how this may be a useful method to assess the intensity of cardiovascular exercise
(5 marks)
Cardiovascular fitness is not only important for the performance of certain sporting activities, it is also important for good health.
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Total for Question 11 = 10 marks
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
12 (a) Describe what is meant by reliability in fitness testing
(2 marks)
12 (b) Describe how reliability may be compromised during fitness testing
(3 marks)
Total for Question 12 = 5 marks
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 31 MARKS
END OF EXAM
When conducting fitness testing, consideration should be given to the validity and reliability of test results.
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
Exercise leads to an increase in muscular work and a resultant adaptation to the cardio-respiratory systems
Q1 (a) Identify three long term adaptations to the muscular system in response to aerobic training
UNIT CODE USP84
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Pass
Increase capillary network
Increase in muscle myoglobin
Increase in mitochondria
Improved gaseous exchange at the muscle
Improved tolerance to lactic acid
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Total marks available – 3 marks Allocate 1 mark for each correct response listed. Allocate marks for any other correct response. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP84 – Marking Guide
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
Q2 (a) Identify two acute effects of aerobic exercise on the respiratory system.
UNIT CODE USP 84
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for:
Increased tidal volume
Increased breathing rate
Increased minute ventilation Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate mark for correct answers not listed.
Do not award
marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
3 (a) Describe what is meant by the term ‘heart rate anticipatory rise’
UNIT CODE USP 84
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 2 marks for:
This is the rise in HR above resting levels that typically occurs just before an activity is to be undertaken.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for a correct account of the rise in HR. Allocate 1 mark for the correct account of the response occurring just before exercise
Do not award
marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
Numerous factors can influence an individual’s breathing rate, such as age, temperature, level of physical exertion and body position.
4 (a) Explain the term ‘tidal volume’.
UNIT CODE USP84
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
Tidal volume is the normal volume of air taken in per breath.
Accept volume of air displaced between inhalation and exhalation Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for the explanation listed.
Do not award
marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
The energy contained in the food we consume, cannot not directly be used to provide energy for activity, therefore it must first be converted to a form which the cells can use
Q5 (a) What is the by-product of anaerobic glycolysis?
UNIT CODE USP 84
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
Lactic acid / lactate
Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark each for any of the responses listed. Allocate mark for pyruvic acid. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
The capacity of the cardiovascular system is a crucial factor in determining an individual’s level of aerobic fitness. Various aspects of the
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
cardiovascular system can be measured to provide an indication of its health and function.
Q6 (a) Identify the factors that contribute to cardiac output
UNIT CODE USP 84
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for:
HR
SV
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for stating each of the above
Do not award
marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
The body has 3 systems to provide the energy required for exercise.
Q7 (a) List two features of the aerobic energy system
UNIT CODE USP 84
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for:
Slower energy source than anaerobic
Primarily uses carbohydrates as a fuel source
Utilises oxygen to produce ATP
Used primarily for activities greater than 3-5 mins in duration
Produces 38 ATP’s per molecule
Generally limited by CHO stores
By products of Co2 and H2O
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for any of the above listed. Allocate marks for correct answers not listed.
Do not award
marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
Benefits to the muscular system can be achieved from both aerobic and muscular strength training.
Q8 (a) Describe two neural adaptations to skeletal muscle following regular participation in resistance training
UNIT CODE USP 84
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Award 2 marks for:
Neuromuscular adaptations such as improved motor unit synchronisation, efficiency in motor unit
recruitment.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 2 mark for the answer listed.
Do not award
marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
The energy systems of the body can function both aerobically and anaerobically depending on the demands of the activity being undertaken. The processes involved in the various energy systems occur in different parts of a cell.
Q9 (a) Where are myoglobin stores located?
UNIT CODE USP84
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
The muscle tissue Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for the answer listed.
Do not award
marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
Q10 (a) What energy system is primarily used in the shot put?
UNIT CODE USP 84
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for:
The ATP-PC Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for the answer listed. Allocate marks for PCr system
Do not award
marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
Cardiovascular fitness is not only important for the performance of certain sporting activities, it is also important for good health.
Q11 (a) List two methods of assessing cardiovascular fitness in the field
UNIT CODE USP84
LO3 Answer
Total marks
CV fitness tests
Rockport walking test
Cooper 12 minute run test
Queens College step test
Shuttle run
Astrand-Ryhming cycle ergometer test
Graded treadmill tests ( e.g. Bruce protocol)
Brigham Young jog test
Maximum = 2 marks Allocate 1 mark each for any 2 tests
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for valid tests not listed
Do not award
marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
Cardiovascular fitness is not only important for the performance of certain sporting activities, it is also important for good health.
Q11 (b) Provide three uses for the physiological data provided by fitness tests
UNIT CODE USP84
LO3 Answer
Total marks
The physiological data provided by aerobic fitness assessments can be used:
as means to monitor an individual’s adaptations to an aerobic training
to define an individual’s current level of fitness
as a motivational baseline from which an individual can improve
to determine an individual’s health status;
Maximum = 3 marks Allocate 1 mark each for correctly providing 3 uses.
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for correct answers not listed
Do not award
marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
Cardiovascular fitness is not only important for the performance of certain sporting activities, it is also important for good health.
Q11 (c) Describe RPE and explain how this may be a useful method to assess the intensity of cardiovascular exercise
UNIT CODE USP84
LO3 Answer
Total marks
RPE = rate of perceived exertion
Rating of perceived exertion can provide an accurate method of monitoring and prescribing exercise intensity because it is highly related to exercise heart rates and VO2.
RPE is also a valuable aid in prescribing exercise intensity for individuals whose HR response to exercise may have been altered due to medication.
Rating of perceived exertion is assessed using a scale which provides a way of quantifying subjective feelings of exercise intensity,
An individual is asked to state how hard they feel they are working. A given numerical rating then corresponds to the perceived relative intensity of the exercise.
Allocate 1 mark for identifying RPE
Allocate up to 4 marks for an accurate description.
Maximum = 5 marks
5 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
When conducting fitness testing, consideration should be given to the validity and reliability of test results.
Q12 (a) Describe what is meant by reliability in fitness testing
UNIT CODE USP84
LO4 Answer
Total marks
Reliability is the process of measuring fitness tests consistently or repeatedly over time and or between testers.
Total marks available – 3 marks Allocate 2 mark for a correct description Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award marks for
USP84/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2016
When conducting fitness testing, consideration should be given to the validity and reliability of test results.
Q15 (b) Describe how reliability may be compromised during fitness testing
UNIT CODE USP84
LO4 Answer
Total marks
Different examiners may apply different methods
Procedures are not adhered to accurately and therefore affect results
External factors such as the weather may affect the test protocol
Non-standardisation of test timings may contribute to different test responses
Using different equipment may contribute to unreliability Maximum = 3 marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct descriptions (up to a maximum of 3 marks).
3 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
SAMPLE ASSESSMENT
MATERIALS (SAMs)
USP86 – Risk assessment in sport
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Please write clearly in block capitals.
Centre number
Learner number
Surname
Other names
Learner signature
Date
External Sample Assessment Material
USP86 – Risk assessment in sport
SAMPLE EXAM QUESTIONS Time allowed: Instructions
Use black ink.
Answer all questions.
You must answer questions in the spaces provided.
Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
Information
There are two sections to this paper.
Both sections should be attempted.
The marks for the questions are shown in brackets. Advice Please read each question carefully before answering.
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Section A
1 (a) Identify the role of COSHH legislation.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 1 = 2 marks
2 (a) What is the primary piece of legislation that covers occupational health and
safety in the United Kingdom?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 2 = 1 mark
Participation in physical activity and sports, and many of the roles that support it, often require individuals to be aware of a number of legislative factors.
There are many legislative factors that require specific attention when working in a
sports environment.
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
3 (a) List the five stages of the risk assessment process.
(5 marks)
Total for Question 3 = 5 marks
Participation in many forms of exercise and sporting activity carries with it some
degree of risk. The level of risk can be reduced by effective planning, which
involves performing a risk assessment.
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
4 (a) Describe the role of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE).
(2 marks)
Total for Question 4 = 2 marks
5 (a) Describe three ways in which a sports leader may contribute to health and safety when planning an event outdoors.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 5 = 3 marks
A variety of people contribute to the safety of sports sessions, depending on the type of activity undertaken and the purpose of the session.
Describe four roles and or responsibilities of a sports coach
There are many regulatory bodies that contribute to health and safety in the United
Kingdom.
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
6 (a) What is a normal operating procedure (NOP)?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 6 = 1 mark
7 (a) Explain the importance of manual handling training for staff.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 7 = 2 marks
You are working at your local leisure centre and your manager has asked you to
move a number of pieces of heavy gym equipment from the fitness room in
preparation for its refurbishment.
Many leisure facilities operate to a high standard of health and safety.
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
8 (a) Define duty of care.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 8 = 2 marks
9 (a) Define a risk.
(1 mark)
Total for Question 9 = 1 mark
The terms ‘risk’ and ‘hazard’ are closely associated but their meanings are often confused.
Employers of all types have a duty of care to their employees.
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
10 (a) Identify two features of a generic risk assessment.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 10 = 2 marks
TOTAL FOR SECTION A = 21 MARKS
In order to minimise the risks associated with participation in sports, some form of
risk assessment should be performed.
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Section B
11 (a) Identify three measures that could reduce the risk associated with any sports activity.
(3 marks)
11 (b) Describe three factors, relating to health and safety, that you would consider when reviewing measures to reduce risk in sports activities.
(3 marks)
Sarah is a newly qualified teacher and is working in a large secondary school. Her
line manager has asked you to provide some staff training on how to control risks
within the sports facility.
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
11 (c) Summarise the duty of care required of a teacher when leading an event outside of school.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 11 = 8 marks
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
12 (a) Describe the legislation associated with reporting such incidences.
(2 marks)
12 (b) Identify three situations in which reporting is required under this legislation.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 12 = 5 marks
TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 13 MARKS
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 34 MARKS
Michael is preparing to host a sports event at his local school. As part of the health and safety checks he has been asked to ensure that any accidents or incidents are recorded and reported.
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
END OF EXAM
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Section A
Participation in physical activity and sports, and many of the roles that support it, often require individuals to be aware of a number of legislative factors.
Q1 (a) Identify the role of COSHH legislation.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for:
The law that requires employers to control substances
The law that prevents or reduces exposure to these substances Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86 – Marking Guide
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
There are many legislative factors that require specific attention when working in a sports environment.
Q2 (a) What is the primary piece of legislation that covers occupational health and safety in the United Kingdom.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for: Health and Safety at Work act 1974 Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Participation in many forms of exercise and sporting activity carries with it some degree of risk. The level of risk can be reduced by effective planning, which involves performing a risk assessment.
Q3 (a) List the five stages of the risk assessment process.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for each correct stage:
Identify the hazard
Decide who might be harmed
Evaluate the risk
Record findings
Review the assessment Maximum = 5 marks
5 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
There are many regulatory bodies that contribute to health and safety in the United Kingdom.
Q4 (a) Describe the role of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE).
UNIT CODE USP86
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for a description that includes:
The HSE is the national independent watchdog for work related health
Its role is to help reduce work related injury and death
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
A variety of people contribute to the safety of sports sessions, depending on the type of activity undertaken and the purpose of the session.
Q5 (a) Describe three ways in which a sports leader may contribute to health and safety when planning an event outdoors
UNIT CODE USP86
LO4 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for any three of the following:
Advising athletes on the training to be conducted and suitable kit and equipment
Ensuring equipment and facilities are suitable
Ensuring that environmental conditions are appropriate for the planned activity
Screening athletes before training begins
Ensuring activities are suitable for participants
Preparing appropriate training plans for each athlete Carrying out a risk assessment
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Many leisure facilities operate to a high standard of health and safety.
Q6 (a) What is a normal operating procedure (NOP)?
UNIT CODE USP86
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark for: A normal operating procedure (NOP) is guidelines that identify the day to day operating of a leisure facility. Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
You are working at your local leisure centre and your manager has asked you to move a number of pieces of heavy gym equipment from the fitness room in preparation for its refurbishment.
Q7 (a) Explain the importance of manual handling training for staff.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for the following:
Manual handling is one of the most common causes of injury at work
Manual handling training is about teaching your employees how to move, carry, lower, push, pull and lift heavy items
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Employers of all types have a duty of care to their employees
Q8 (a) Define duty of care.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 2 marks for an accurate description that includes reference to ‘legal obligation’ and ‘exercising
caution to prevent injury and loss’
Duty of care is a legal obligation. The term used to describe the obligations implicit in any role imposed on an individual to exercise caution and to refrain from injury or loss. Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
The exact wording above does not have to be used but reference to the main points must be addressed.
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The terms ‘risk’ and ‘hazard’ are closely associated but their meanings are often confused.
Q9 (a) Define a risk.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Award 1 mark each for the following:
A risk is the likelihood and severity of the harm that could occur as a result of the hazard. Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
In order to minimise the risks associated with participation in sports, some form of risk assessment should be performed.
Q10 (a) Identify two features of a generic risk assessment.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 1 mark each for identifying any two points below:
Generic risk assessments are written down (they are formal),
They provide the framework to describe how all risk assessments are carried out in practice.
They typically cover a defined range of activities.
Generic risk assessments are common place for activities that are repetitive and consistent within
an organisation
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Section B
Sarah is a newly qualified teacher and is working in a large secondary school. Her line manager has asked you to provide some staff training on how to control risks within the sports facility.
11 (a) Identify three measures that could reduce the risk associated with any sports activity.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct response for any three of the following:
Provide appropriate supervision
Provide appropriate equipment
Modify the activity if required
Do not allow the activity to take place if too hazardous
Provide appropriate training where required
Ensure the facility meets appropriate standards Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Sarah is a newly qualified teacher and is working in a large secondary school. Her line manager has asked you to provide some staff training on how to control risks within the sports facility.
Q11 (b) Describe three factors, relating to health and safety, that you would consider when reviewing measures to reduce risk in sports activities.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct description – any three of the following:
Effectiveness of risk management
Effectiveness of procedures
Suitability of activity for the group and effectiveness of briefings
Suitability of equipment
Suitability and effectiveness of facility
Effectiveness of guidelines
Injuries, near misses and dangerous occurrences Strengths and areas for improvement
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Sarah is a newly qualified teacher and is working in a large secondary school. Her line manager has asked you to provide some staff training on how to control risks within the sports facility.
Q11 (c) Summarise the duty of care required of a teacher when leading an event outside of school.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate up to 2 marks for the following summary:
Teachers are required to provide supervision of the pupils throughout the activity. The supervision
should meet professional standards. This includes ensuring that reasonable steps are taken to avoid
exposing pupils to dangers which are foreseeable and beyond those that the pupils are expected to
cope.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Michael is preparing to host a sports event at his local school. As part of the health and safety checks he has been asked to ensure that any accidents or incidents are recorded and reported.
12 (a) Describe the legislation associated with reporting such incidences.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate 1 mark for each of the points, identified below, in the description:
RIDDOR is the reporting of injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences 2013
The regulations require employees and employers to report specific workplace instances.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP86/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Michael is preparing to host a sports event at his local school. As part of the health and safety checks he has been asked to ensure that any accidents or incidents are recorded and reported.
Q12 (b) Identify three situations in which reporting is required under this legislation.
UNIT CODE USP86
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
Distinction
Allocate 1 mark for each correct response for any three of the following:
The types of situation that require reporting are:
Deaths to any person, specified injuries to workers such as fractures and amputations
Injuries to workers that result in incapacitation for more than 7 days
Injuries to non-workers that result in hospitalisation
Sports injuries only need reporting if they were caused by defective equipment or organisational failings
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
SAMPLE ASSESSMENT MATERIALS
(SAMs)
USP87 – Sport in Society
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Please write clearly in block capitals.
Centre number
Learner number
Surname
Other names
Learner signature
Date
External Sample Assessment Material
USP87 – Sport in Society
SAMPLE EXAM QUESTIONS Time allowed: Instructions Use black ink.
Answer all questions.
You must answer questions in the spaces provided.
Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
Information
There are two sections to this paper.
Both sections should be attempted.
The marks for the questions are shown in brackets.
Advice Please read each question carefully before answering.
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
1 (a) Identify who typically took part in popular recreation in pre industrial Britain.
(1 mark)
Total for Question 1 = 1 mark
2 (a) Identify three characteristics associated with pre industrial sporting activities pre
industrial Britain.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 2 = 3 marks
Pre-industrial popular recreation often reflected society, life and times that existed.
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
3 (a) Summarise two key differences between sports for the upper and lower classes.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 3 = 2 marks
4 (a) Explain how the work ethic affected recreation and sport in the UK.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 4 = 2 marks
Sporting activities of the upper and lower classes often differed in pre industrial Britain.
Popular recreation was often subject to change from the influence of the church.
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
5 (a) Explain what is meant by the ‘codification’ of rational recreation.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 5 = 3 marks
6 (a) Identify three organisations involved in the development of sport in the UK.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 6 = 3 marks
The development of modern sport from pre to post-industrial Britain was influenced by a
number of factors.
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
7 (a) Identify three ways in which technology has had a positive effect on sport.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 7 = 3 marks
The influence of technology in sport has seen an exponential rise in the last 10 years.
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
8 (a) Identify what makes up the ‘golden triangle’.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 8 = 3 marks
9 (a) Explain the impact of the sporting press on sports’ participation in the 19th century.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 9 = 3 marks
Recent developments in technology now allow us to access the media in many ways.
The influence of many media types helped to facilitate the increase in participation and
development of sport.
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
10 (a) Explain how gender imbalance in the media coverage of sport impacts on the
popularity of women’s football.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 10 = 3 marks
The participation of women in sport increased dramatically in the twentieth century, particularly in the last quarter. This was largely due to changes in modern society that emphasised gender parity.
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
11 (a) Identify three barriers to participation in sport and physical activity experienced by ethnic minorities.
(3 marks)
11 (b) Describe how a lack of social support can be a barrier to participation.
(2 marks)
11 (c) Explain how you would help someone overcome a perceived lack of fitness as a barrier to participation in sport.
(3 marks)
Your local council provides a considerable variety of facilities. Your line manager has asked you to conduct some research to highlight the causes of the low participation rates and to provide some potential solutions.
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Total for Question 11 = 8 marks
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
12 (a) Identify three aspects of the media that have influenced modern sport.
(3 marks)
12 (b) Explain, using examples, three ways media may have had a negative influence on sport.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 12 = 6 marks
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 40 MARKS
Media coverage of sport across the world has increased significantly over the last decade
and new technologies are facilitating this process.
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
END OF EXAM
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Pre-industrial popular recreation often reflected society, life and times that existed.
Q1 (a) Identify who typically took part in popular recreation in pre industrial Britain.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct response – any of the following:
Peasant
Lower classes
Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP87 – Marking Guide
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q2 (a) Identify three characteristics associated with pre industrial sporting activities pre industrial Britain.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct response – any of the following:
Rural
Simple / unwritten rules
Cruel / violent
Local
Simple Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Sporting activities of the upper and lower classes often differed in pre industrial Britain.
Q3 (a) Summarise two key differences between sports for the upper and lower classes.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Upper class sports
Sophisticated and expensive
Rules based with a dress code
Linked to patronage Lower class sports
Simple, accessible and inexpensive e.g. mob football
Simpler or unwritten rules
Often local due to lack of travel opportunity Allocate two marks for an accurate comparison of two key points Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Popular recreation was often subject to change from the influence of the church.
Q4 (a) Explain how the work ethic affected recreation and sport in the UK.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Distinction
The puritain ethic gave way to the work ethic and the spread of Protentism.
Leisure pursuits were seen as acceptable in that they restored or prepared people for work
Allocate 2 marks – explanations should address the relationship between work, sport and the church Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The development of modern sport from pre to post-industrial Britain was influenced by a number of factors.
Q5 (a) Explain what is meant by the ‘codification’ of rational recreation.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Explanations should discuss codification in light of:
The acceptance of written rules for sports
These rules should be accepted by all that take part
These rules were used to reduce the variation associated with sport in pre industrial Britain Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for each point the candidate addresses in their explanation.
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q6 (a) Identify three organisations involved in the development of sport in the UK.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 1 mark for each correct response – any of the following:
Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS); British Olympic Association (BOA); Central Council for Physical Recreation (CCPR); UK Sport; Sport England; Sport Scotland; Sports Council for Wales; the Sports Council for Northern Ireland; Sports Coach UK; British Sports Trust; English Institute of Sport (EIS); Youth Sports Trust; Central Council for Physical Recreation; The National Coaching Foundation (NCF); English Federation of Disability Sport; National Disability Sports Organisations (British Blind Sport, Cerebral Palsy Sport, Dwarf Sports Association, Mencap Sport, Special Olympics GB, UK Deaf Sport and Wheelpower); national governing bodies of sport. Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The influence of technology in sport has seen an exponential rise in the last 10 years.
Q7 (a) Identify three ways in which technology has had a positive effect on sport.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Award one mark for any of the following points identified:
viewing experience; optimise performance, Improved clothing, personal equipment, cameras, computer/video performance analysis; officiating; reliance on technology; computer game applications. Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
Do not allocate marks for “no rules”
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Recent developments in technology now allow us to access the media in many ways.
Q8 (a) Identify what makes up the ‘golden triangle’.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 1 mark for each of the following
Media
Sport
Sponsors Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The influence of may media types helped to facilitate the increase in participation and development of sport.
Q9 (a) Explain the impact of the sporting press on sports’ participation in the 19th century.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Distinction
Technical inovations in printing lead to a rapid expansion of the newspapers
Sports journalism increased hugely in the 19th century
Lower classes had greater access to sports journalism through papers
Participation and spectatorship increased as a result of greater media coverage
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 3 marks for correct explanation of the role of the sporting press.
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The participation of women in sport increased dramatically in the twentieth century, particularly in the last quarter. This was largely due
to changes in modern society that emphasised gender parity.
Q10 (a) Explain how gender imbalance in the media coverage of sport impacts on the popularity of women’s football.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO4 Answer
Total marks
Potential impacts include
Less publicity for women’s football, which impacts on its ability to increase its popularity
Women’s football is taken less seriously
Less sponsorship due to lack of media coverage, which reduces income Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 3 mark for an explanation that identifies the points above.
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Your local council provides a considerable variety of facilities. Your line manager has asked you to conduct some research to highlight the causes of the low participation rates and to provide some potential solutions.
11 (a) Identify three barriers to participation in sport and physical activity experienced by ethnic minorities.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO4 Answer
Total marks
11 (a) Identify three barriers to participation in sport and physical activity experienced by ethnic minorities
Allocate 1 mark for each correct response – any three of the following:
Cultural stigmas surrounding certain sports
Some religions / customs prohibit certain sports wear to be worn
Some sports are practiced more by certain cultures
Lack of role models in ethnic minorotes inhibits participation
Lack of facilities for gender specific changing
Family responsibilities for some ethnic minorities Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Your local council provides a considerable variety of facilities. Your line manager has asked you to conduct some research to highlight the causes of the low participation rates and to provide some potential solutions.
11 (b) Describe how a lack of social support can be a barrier to participation.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO4 Answer
Total Marks
Allocate 2 marks for the correct response:
Many people require a considerable amount of social support to initiate and maintain an active lifestyle. Therefore a lack of social support can be perceived as a barrier to participation in sporting activities. Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed.
Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Your local council provides a considerable variety of facilities. Your line manager has asked you to conduct some research to highlight the causes of the low participation rates and to provide some potential solutions.
11 (c) Explain how you would help someone overcome a perceived lack of fitness as a barrier to participation in sport.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO4 Answer
Total marks
Distinction
Allocate 3 marks for an explanation that includes the following points
Potential strategies include:
Select appropriate activities
Modifying activities
Participate in a progressive exercise programme to increase fitness to the desired level
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Media coverage of sport across the world has increased significantly over the last decade and new technologies are facilitating this process.
12 (a) Identify three aspects of the media that have influenced modern sport.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
6 marks (see breakdown below)
Pass
Allocate 1 mark for each of the following
Television
Newspapers and magazines
Sponsorship
The internet
Social media
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Media coverage of sport across the world has increased significantly over the last decade and new technologies are facilitating this process.
12 (b) Explain, using examples, three ways media may have had a negative influence on sport
UNIT CODE USP87
LO1 Answer
Total Marks
6 marks (see breakdown below)
Merit
Allocate 1 mark for each point the candidate addresses in his or her explanation, any
three of the following:
Increased television viewing results in a more sedentary lifestyle which is associated with health problems such as obesity and diabetes.
Media demands can impact on the way a game is played and its rules. For example the video referee in sports such tennis and cricket can override the umpires decision.
Business are keen to sponsor teams to promote their brand but teams must continue to win to maintain their sponsorship deal.
Magazines use of often unrealistically lean and fit images of men and women can lead to the development of poor body image and put pressure on people to try to achieve unsafe and unrealistic level of body fat, which can results in physical, mental and emotional problems
The rise in internet shopping has led to the demise of many small sports clothing retailers.
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
USP87/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Additional guidance
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
SAMPLE ASSESSMENT MATERIALS
(SAMs)
USP89 – Sport Psychology
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Please write clearly in block capitals.
Centre number
Learner number
Surname
Other names
Learner signature
Date
External Sample Assessment Material
USP89 – Sport Psychology
SAMPLE EXAM QUESTIONS Time allowed: Instructions
Use black ink.
Answer all questions.
You must answer questions in the spaces provided.
Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
Information
There are two sections to this paper.
Both sections should be attempted.
The marks for the questions are shown in brackets. Advice Please read each question carefully before answering.
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
1 (a) Which theory is concerned with measuring habitual patterns of behaviour to predict
personality?
(1 mark)
Total for Question 1 = 1 mark
2 (a) Explain the term ‘intrinsic motivation’.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 2 = 2 marks
Motivation can be defined as having the drive to take part in or continue with an activity.
There are two main types of motivation referred to as intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
Personality and motivation can have an important impact on sports performance.
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
3 (a) Identify two example of a tangible extrinsic reward.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 3 = 2 marks
4 (a) Identify two types of anxiety.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 4 = 2 marks
A number of athletes may be in the same potentially stressful and anxious inducing situation yet exhibit very different responses.
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
5 (a) Define the term stress.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 5 = 2 marks
6 (a) Describe the inverted ‘U’ theory of arousal.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 6 = 2 marks
Andrew is a promising young tennis player, however his coach believes that he suffers
from underperforming in some matches.
Suggest two techniques that Andrea could apply to increase her state of
arousal for competition
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
7 (a) Identify two different causes of stress.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 7 = 2 marks
8 (a) Describe what is meant by team climate.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 8 = 2 marks
A local rugby club has asked your advice on developing an effective team climate.
Andrew’s coach believes that his stress levels may play a part in his performances.
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
9 (a) Identify Tuckman’s four phases of team development.
(4 marks)
Total for Question 9 = 4 marks
10 (a) Explain the term ‘autocratic’ leadership
(2 marks)
Total for Question 10 = 2 marks
Within many sporting situations it is important to have effective leadership.
Tuckman (1965) describes the phases of a team’s development in terms of maturity and ability.
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
11 (a) Identify five stages of performance profiling. (5 marks)
11 (b) Describe the importance of performance profiling.
(2 marks)
Coaches, athletes and sports scientists are continually seeking ways of improving
performance by enhancing the effectiveness of an athlete’s training. In recent years, the
value of performance profiling in this quest has gained recognition.
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
11 (c) Explain why it is important to carry out stage 5 of performance profiling.
(3 marks)
Total for Question 11 = 10 marks
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
12 (a) Identify three methods of controlling excessive arousal.
(3 marks)
12 (b) Explain, using a sporting example, how one method can be used to promote relaxation during competition.
(2 marks)
Total for Question 12 = 5 marks
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 36 MARKS
END OF EXAM
The integration of psychological skills are an increasingly popular method to support
athletes in their performance development.
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Personality and motivation can have an important impact on sports performance
Q1 (a) Which theory is concerned with measuring habitual patterns of behaviour to predict personality
UNIT CODE USP89
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Theories:
Trait theory
Maximum = 1 mark
1 mark
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for the above.
Do not award
marks for
USP89 – Marking Guide
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Motivation can be defined as having the drive to take part in or continue with an activity. There are two main types of motivation referred to as intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
Q2 (a) Explain the term ‘intrinsic motivation’.
UNIT CODE USP89
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Intrinsic motivation comes from factors inside of the individual and are motivated by internal rather than
external rewards.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for stating that intrinsic motivation comes from factors inside the individual Allocate 1 mark for identifying internal rewards
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q3 (a) Identify two example of a tangible extrinsic reward
UNIT CODE USP87
LO1 Answer
Total marks
Tangible rewards may include:
Money
Prizes
Bonuses
Commission
Sponsorship
Profit share Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for identifying any two of the above Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
A number of athletes may be in the same potentially stressful and anxious inducing situation yet exhibit very different responses.
Q4 (a) Identify two types of anxiety.
UNIT CODE USP89
LO2 Answer
Total marks
State
Trait
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark each for any 2 of the above. Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Q5 (a) Define the term stress.
UNIT CODE USP87
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Stress is defined as a substantial imbalance between demand (physical or psychological) and response, where failure to meet the demand has important consequences. Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for identifying an imbalance between demand and response Allocate 1 mark for identifying that consequences are attached to the failure to meet the demand Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Andrew is a promising young tennis player, however his coach believes that he suffers from underperforming in some matches.
Q6 (a) Describe the inverted ‘U’ theory of arousal.
UNIT CODE USP89
LO2 Answer
Total marks
The theory considers the relationship between arousal and performance in that performance is improved with arousal to a point where optimal performance is achieved and following which performance declines.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 2 marks for an appropriate description.
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Andrew’s coach believes that his stress levels may play a part in his performances.
Q7 (a) Identify two different causes of stress.
UNIT CODE USP89
LO2 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 1 mark each for any 2 of the following:
Internal
External
Situation
Personal
Occupational
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
A local rugby club has asked your advice on developing an effective team climate.
Q8 (a) Describe what is meant by team climate
UNIT CODE USP89
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Team climate is the term used to describe how well the players in a team get on.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 2 marks for a correct description Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation.
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Tuckman (1965) describes the phases of a team’s development in terms of maturity and ability.
Q9 (a) Identify Tuckman’s four phases of team development
UNIT CODE USP89
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing Maximum = 4 marks
4 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 1 mark for each.
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Within many sporting situations it is important to have effective leadership.
Q10 (a) Explain the term ‘autocratic’ leadership.
UNIT CODE USP89
LO3 Answer
Total marks
Autocratic leadership is a style of leadership that is defined by the leader having complete authority and control.
Typically leading with dictatorial qualities.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Allocate 2 marks for an accurate explanation
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Coaches, athletes and sports scientists are continually seeking ways of improving performance by enhancing the effectiveness of an athlete’s training. In recent years, the value of performance profiling in this quest has gained recognition.
Q11 (a) Identify five stages of performance profiling.
UNIT CODE USP89
LO4 Answer
Total marks
Stage 1: Identify & define key qualities for performance:
Stage 2: Profile the practitioner’s perceptions of the client’s levels and profile the client’s perceptions of their
levels.
Stage 3: Discuss the practitioners and clients profiles:
Stage 4: Agree on goals and how to achieve them:
Stage 5: Repeat the profiling to monitor progress Allocate 1 mark for each above Allocate marks for any other correct responses that are not listed. Please highlight areas that are correct but not listed for standardisation. Maximum = 5 marks
5 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Coaches, athletes and sports scientists are continually seeking ways of improving performance by enhancing the effectiveness of an athlete’s training. In recent years, the value of performance profiling in this quest has gained recognition.
Q11 (b) Describe the importance of performance profiling.
UNIT CODE USP89
LO4 Answer
Total marks
The importance of the psychological aspect of sports performance is now widely accepted and many elite performers work with sports psychologists to develop their psychological skills. Before a psychological skills training programme can be developed, the demands of the particular sport the athlete participates in must be identified. Performance profiling is typically used to achieve this. Allocate two marks for an accurate description as above Allocate marks for any other description that’s accurate but not identified Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
Coaches, athletes and sports scientists are continually seeking ways of improving performance by enhancing the effectiveness of an athlete’s training. In recent years, the value of performance profiling in this quest has gained recognition.
Q11 (c) Explain why it is important to carry out stage 5 of performance profiling.
UNIT CODE USP89
LO4 Answer
Total marks
Stage 5: Repeat the profiling to monitor progress:
Performance profiling should be repeated at various intervals to determine the client’s progress. If the client is
not progressing as planned, the practitioner and the client should discuss the reasons for this and develop a plan
to address the perceived problem. Allocate three marks for an accurate explanation as identified above.
Allocate marks for any other description accurate but not identified Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The integration of psychological skills are an increasingly popular method to support athletes in their performance development.
12 (a) Identify three methods of controlling excessive arousal.
UNIT CODE USP89
LO4 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 1 mark each for correctly identification of any three methods
progressive muscular relaxation, autogenic training, breathing control, imagery
Allocate marks for any other description accurate but not identified
Maximum = 3 marks
3 marks
Additional guidance
Do not award
marks for
USP89/SAM
© Copyright Vocational Training Charitable Trust 2017
The integration of psychological skills are an increasingly popular method to support athletes in their performance development.
12 (b) Explain, using a sporting example, how one method can be used to promote relaxation during competition
UNIT CODE USP89
LO4 Answer
Total marks
Allocate 2 marks for an accurate explanation of how any one method can be used to promote relaxation during
competition.
Answers could include:
Progressive relaxation, through contracting and relaxing muscles can be used to promote muscular relaxation and
therefore mental relaxation prior to a golf put.
Breath control can be used to promote calmness and control during or prior to high anxiety situations such as
archery.
Autogenic training using verbal cues can be used as part of a training program to promote relaxation and
calmness prior to taking a penalty throw in basketball.
Imagery can be used to promote focus and control prior to taking a penalty kick in soccer.
Maximum = 2 marks
2 marks
Additional guidance
Include marks for accurate explanations not described above.
Do not award marks for