Sample Copy. Not For Distribution. · get a mention here and these are Minna no Nihongo, Nihongo Shōkyū, Yansan to Nihon no Hitobito, Genki, Japanese for Everybody and Japanese

Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.

Basic Japanese Language

i


e©fyd tkikuh Hkk’kk

Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.

Shekhar Jayal

ii

Publishing-in-support-of,

EDUCREATION PUBLISHING

RZ 94, Sector - 6, Dwarka, New Delhi - 110075 Shubham Vihar, Mangla, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh - 495001

Website: www.educreation.in ____________________________________________________________________________________

© Copyright, Author

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Printed in India


iii

BASIC JAPANESE

LANGUAGE e©fyd tkikuh Hkk’kk

Shekhar Jayal ‚ks[kj t;ky

EDUCREATION PUBLISHING (Since 2011)

www.educreation.in


iv

Dedicated to my dear mother

esjh fÁ; ekrkth d¨ leÆir


v

Preface

I have been involved in teaching Japanese language in various institutions for the last ten

years. I have learnt and taught Japanese Language using variety of books some of which should

get a mention here and these are Minna no Nihongo, Nihongo Shōkyū, Yansan to Nihon no

Hitobito, Genki, Japanese for Everybody and Japanese for Busy People etc.

I know that there are many books of Japanese language in India but still there is a dearth

of it in our mother tongue. Some of my students those who are the employees of Japanese

companies in India are not well-versed in English and always find it difficult to understand

Japanese Language from the books which are written in English. So the idea of writing this book

bilingually (English and Hindi) came into existence.

While writing this book I have thoroughly studied the above mentioned books and

obliged to them to a great deal. I am also grateful to Mrs Miyuki Sawano for helping me in

simplifying this book. She was my teacher during the Japanese Language Teacher’s Training

Course.

I have tried my best to simplify this book but since I am a human, there may be mistakes

in it. So if there is any, please let me know at my email i.d. and mobile number. I shall be much

obliged to you.

Shekhar Jayal

[email protected]

Mobile No. +91–9871957980


vi

ÁkDdFku

eSa fiNys nl o’k¨Z ls fofHkUu laLFkkuä esa tkikuh Hkk’kk d¨ i<k+us esa lfEefyr jgk gw¡A eSaus

tkikuh Hkk’kk d¨ fofHkUu Ádkj fd iqLrd¨ dk Á;¨x djd¢ lh[kk gS v©j mu iqLrd¨ ls i<k+;k gS] muesa

ls dqN dk mYys[k djuk t#jh gS t¨ fd gS] feUuk u¨ fugÜx¨] fugÜx¨ ‚k¨v¨D;qm] ;kUlku r¨ fugü

u¨ fgr¨fcr¨] xsfUd] tsisful Q¨j ,osfjc¨Mh v©j tsisful Q¨j chth fiiy bR;kfnA

eSa tkurk gw¡ fd Hkkjr eSa cgqr lh tkikuh Hkk’kk fd fdrkcsa gSa ij gekjh ekr` Hkk’kk eSa budh vHkh

deh gSA esjs dqN fo|kFkÊ t¨ fd tkikuh dEifu; a esa dk;Zjr gS v©j vaXkszth Hkk’kk esa vPNh rjg ls

Áoh.k ugha gS] vaXkszth Hkk’kk esa fyf[kr fdrkc a ls tkikuh Hkk’kk d¨ le>us esa lnSo dfBukÃ ikrs gSA

blfy, bl fdrkc d¨ n¨ Hkk’kkvä esa (vaXkszth v©j fgUnh) fy[kus dk fopkj vfLrRo esa vk;kA

bl fdrkc d¨ fy[kus d¢ n©jku eSaus mij¨Dr fdrkc a dk laiw.kZ #i ls v/;;u fd;k v©j eSa

budk cgqr vkHkkjh gw¡A eSa bl iqLrd d¢ ljyhdj.k esa Jhefr fe;qdh lkoku¨ dk Hkh vkHkkj ÁdV djrk

gw¡A os tkikuh Hkk’kk v/;kid Áf‛k{k.k ikB;Øe d¢ n©jku esjh v/;kfidk FkhA

eSaus bl fdrkc d¨ ljy cukus dk Hkjld Á;kl fd;k gS fdUrq eSa ,d euq’; gw¡ blfy,

xyfr;k¡ g¨ ldrh gSA ;fn dgha d¨Ã g¨ r¨] Ñi;k eq>d¨ esjh besy vkb- Mh- v©j e¨ckby ij lqfpr

djsaA eSa vkidk cgqr vkHkkjh jgw¡xkA

‚ks[kj t;ky

[email protected]

e¨ckby u-+91–9871957980


vii

Japan

The Japanese name for Japan is “Nihon” or “Nippon” which means “sun origin”. Japan is an

island nation which belongs to the continent of Asia. It is surrounded by the Sea of Japan to the

East and the Pacific Ocean to the West. It is made up of 6852 islands. It has many volcanoes and

experiences many earthquakes. More than 70% of the area of Japan consists of mountains. The

highest point in Japan is Mount Fuji, which stands at 3,776m (12,388ft). There are about

127,220,000 people living in Japan, which is the tenth largest population in the world. Tokyo is

the capital of Japan and also the largest city. Other major cities include Osaka, Nagoya and

Sapporo. Japanese is the official language of Japan. Ancient warriors of Japan were known as

Samurai. They were very skilled fighters and swordsmen. Japan is an industrialized nation,

producing most technologically advanced motor vehicles, electronics, and machine tools. Japan

is a world leader in robotics. Japanese cuisines have become popular around the world. Some

well-known dishes are sushi, sashimi and tempura. It is home to many different forms of martial

arts which are known as Karate, Judo, Sumo, Ninjutsu, Kendo, Jujutsu and Aikido etc. Although

Sumo is recognized as the national sport of Japan, but the most popular sport is baseball. Japan's

literacy rate is almost 100%. Shinto and Buddhism are the major religions of Japan. A very

small minority of Japanese are Christians. Animated Japanese films and television shows

account for 60% of the world’s animation.


viii

tkiku

tkiku dk tkikuh uke ÞfugüÞ ;k ÞfuIiüÞ gS ftldk vFkZ g¨rk gS “lw;Z mRifr”A tkiku ,d }hi

ns‚k gS t¨ fd ,f‛k;k egk}hi ls lacaf/kr gSA ;g iwoZ esa tkiku lkxj v©j if‛pe esa Á‛kkar egklkxj ls

f?kjk gqvk gSA ;g 6852 }hi¨ ls cuk gSA bles dÃ Tokykeq[kh gSa v©j dkQh HkwdEi vkrs gSA tkiku dk

70% {ks= igkM+ gSA tkiku dk lcls m¡pk LFky Qqth igkM+ gS t¨ fd 3]776 ehVj ¼12]388 QhV½ gSA

tkiku ij yxHkx 127]220]000 y¨x jgrs gSa t¨ fd fo‛o dk nloka lcls T;knk tula[;k okyk ns‛k

gSA r¨D;¨ ;gk¡ fd jkt/kkuh gS v©j lcls cM+k uxj HkhA nwljs cM+s uxjä esa v¨lkdk] ukx¨;k v©j

lkIi¨j¨ bR;kfn lfEefyr gSaA tsiful tkiku fd vkf/kdkfjd Hkk’kk gSA tkiku d¢ Ákphu ;¨}k lkeqjkb

dgyk, tkrs FksA os cgqr gh fuiq.k ;¨}k o ryokfj;k FksA tkiku ,d v©|¨fxd ns‛k gS t¨ fd lcls

mPp Js.kh rdfud fd e¨Vj xkfM;k¡] bySDVªkfuDl v©j e‛khu midj.k dk mRiknu djrk gSA tkiku

fo‛o esa j¨c¨fVDl esa vxqvk gSA tkiku fd ikd&‛kSyh Hkh fo‛oHkj esa Áfl} gSA lqf‛k] lkf‛kfe v©j

rsEiqjk dqN lqifjfpr Hk¨tu gSaA ;g dqN ;q} dykvä dh tUeHkwfe gS t¨ fd djkrs] tqn¨] lqe¨]

fuUtqRlq] d¢Un¨] tqtqRlq v©j vkbfdn¨ bR;kfn ls tkus tkrs gSaA ;}fi lqe¨ tkiku dk jk’Vªh; [ksy

ekuk tkrk gS ysfdu cslcky lcls Ápfyr [ksy gSA tkiku fd lk{kjrk nj yxHkx 100% gSA f‛kUr¨

v©j cq}hLe tkiku d¢ eq[; /keZ gSA tkiku esa Fk¨M+h ek=k esa Ãlkb vYila[;d gSA fo‛o esa ,fues‛ku esa

60% tsiful ,fuesVsM fQYEl v©j Vsfyfotu Á¨xke gSaA



1

Japanese Script

Japanese is written in three ways Hiragana, Katakana and Kanji. Hiragana and Katakana are

phonetic representation of sounds and Kanji is the pictorial representation which gives meaning

as well as sound. There are about 1945 kanjis fixed as essential for daily use. Katakana is used

to write foreign names and loan words. Apart from above-mentioned ways of writing, Romaji

(Roman letters) are sometimes used for the convenience of foreigners.There is no plual in

Japanese Languge. Plural of the things is made by using counters.

tkikuh fyfi

tkikuh Hkk’kk rhu Ádkj ls fy[kh tkrh gS] fgjkxkuk] dkrkdkuk v©j dkfUtA fgjkxkuk v©j dkrkdkuk

/ofu ls lEcfU/kr Loj d¨ ÁnÆ‛kr djrs gSa v©j dkfUt fp= laca/kh gS t¨ fd vFkZ d¢ vfrfjDr Loj Hkh

nsrh gSA Áfrfnu Á;¨x esa vkus okyh vfuok;Z 1945 dkfUt gSaA dkrkdkuk dk Á;¨x fons‛kh ukeä v©j

nwljh Hkk’kkvä ls fy, x, ‚kCn¨ d¨ fy[kus d¢ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA mij¨Dr fy[kus dh jhfr d¢

vfrfjDr jëkth ¼jëu v{kj½ dk Hkh Á;¨x fd;k tkrk gSA tkikuh Hkk’kk esa cgqopu ugha g¨rkA oLrqv¨

dk cgqopu dkmaVlZ dk Á;¨x djd¢ cuk;k tkrk gSA

A vk I b U m E , O v¨

Ka dk Ki fd Ku dq Ke d¢ Ko d¨

Sa lk Shi f‛k Su lq Se ls So l¨

Ta rk Chi fp Tsu Rlq Te rs To r¨

Na uk Ni fu Nu uq Ne us No u¨

Ha gk Hi fg Fu Qq He gs Ho g¨

Ma ek Mi fe Mu eq Me es Mo e¨

Ya ;k Yu ;q Yo ;¨

Ra jk Ri fj Ru # Re js Ro j¨

Wa ok O v¨

N u


Shekhar Jayal

2

Ga xk Gi fx Gu xq Ge xs Go x¨

Za tk Zi ft Zu tq Ze ts Zo t¨

Da nk Zi ft Zu tq De ns Do n¨

Ba ck Bi fc Bu cq Becs Bo c¨

Pa ik Pi fi Pu iq Pe is Po i¨

Kya D;k Kyu D;q Kyo D;¨

Sha ‚kk Shu ‚kq Sho ‚k¨

Cha pk Chu pq Cho p¨

Nya U;k Nyu U;q Nyo U;¨

Hya g;k Hyu g;q Hyo g;¨

Mya E;k Myu E;q Myo E;¨

Rya j;k Ryu j;q Ryo j;¨

Gya X;k Gyu X;q Gyo X;¨

Jya T;k Jyu T;q Jyo T;¨

Bya C;k Byu C;q Byo C;¨

Pya I;k Pyu I;q Pyo I;¨



3

Pronunciation of longer vowel sounds ¼yEch Loj /ofu;ä dk mPpkj.k½:-

1. ā is pronounced longer.

vkvk d¨ yEck vk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

2. kā is pronounced longer.

dkvk d¨ yEck dk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

3. gā is pronounced longer.

xkvk d¨ yEck xk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

4. sā is pronounced longer.

lkvk d¨ yEck lk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

5. zā is pronounced longer.

tkvk d¨ yEck tk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

6. tā is pronounced longer.

rkvk d¨ yEck rk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

7. dā is pronounced longer.

nkvk d¨ yEck nk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

8. nā is pronounced longer.

ukvk d¨ yEck uk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

9. hā is pronounced longer.

gkvk d¨ yEck gk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

10. bā is pronounced longer.

ckvk d¨ yEck ck mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

11. pā is pronounced longer.

ikvk d¨ yEck ik mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

12. mā is pronounced longer.

ekvk d¨ yEck ek mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

13. yā is pronounced longer.

;kvk d¨ yEck ;k mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

14. rā is pronounced longer.

jkvk d¨ yEck jk mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

15. ī is pronounced longer.

Ã d¨ yEck Ã mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

16. kī is pronounced longer.

dhb d¨ yEck dh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

17. gī is pronounced longer.

xhb d¨ yEck xh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA


Shekhar Jayal

4

18. shī is pronounced longer.

‚khb d¨ yEck ‚kh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

19. zī is pronounced longer.

thb d¨ yEck th mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

20. chī is pronounced longer.

phb d¨ yEck ph mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

21. nī is pronounced longer.

uhb d¨ yEck uh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

22. hī is pronounced longer.

ghb d¨ yEck gh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

23. bī is pronounced longer.

chb d¨ yEck ch mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

24. pī is pronounced longer.

ihb d¨ yEck ih mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

25. mī is pronounced longer.

ehb d¨ yEck eh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

26. rī is pronounced longer.

jhb d¨ yEck jh mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

27. kū is pronounced longer.

dwm d¨ yEck dw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

28. gū is pronounced longer.

xwm d¨ yEck xw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

29. sū is pronounced longer.

lwm d¨ yEck lw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

30. zū is pronounced longer.

twm d¨ yEck tw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

31. tsū is pronounced longer.

Rlwm d¨ yEck Rlw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

32. nū is pronounced longer.

uwm d¨ yEck uw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

33. fū is pronounced longer.

Qwm d¨ yEck Qw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

34. bū is pronounced longer.

cwm d¨ yEck cw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

35. pū is pronounced longer.

iwm d¨ yEck iw mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA



5

36. mū is pronounced longer.

ewm d¨ yEck ew mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

37. yū is pronounced longer.

;wm d¨ yEck ;w mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

38. rū is pronounced longer.

#m d¨ yEck # mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

39. ē is pronounced longer.

,s d¨ yEck ,s mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

40. kē is pronounced longer.

d¢, d¨ yEck d¢ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

41. gē is pronounced longer.

xs, d¨ yEck xs mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

42. sē is pronounced longer.

ls, d¨ yEck ls mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

43. zē is pronounced longer.

tss, d¨ yEck ts mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

44. tē is pronounced longer.

rs, d¨ yEck rs mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

45. dē is pronounced longer.

ns, d¨ yEck nss mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

46. nē is pronounced longer.

us, d¨ yEck us mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

47. hē is pronounced longer.

gs, d¨ yEck gs mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

48. bē is pronounced longer.

cs, d¨ yEck cs mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

49. pē is pronounced longer.

is, d¨ yEck is mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

50. mē is pronounced longer.

es, d¨ yEck es mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

51. rē is pronounced longer.

js, d¨ yEck js mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

52. ō is pronounced longer.

v¨v¨ d¨ yEck v¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

53. kō is pronounced longer.

d¨v¨ d¨ yEck d¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA


Shekhar Jayal

6

54. gō is pronounced longer.

x¨v¨ d¨ yEck x¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

55. sō is pronounced longer.

l¨v¨ d¨ yEck l¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

56. shō is pronounced longer.

‛k¨v¨ d¨ yEck ‛k¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

57. zō is pronounced longer.

t¨v¨ d¨ yEck t¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

58. tō is pronounced longer.

r¨v¨ d¨ yEck r¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

59. dō is pronounced longer.

n¨v¨ d¨ yEck n¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

60. nō is pronounced longer.

u¨v¨ d¨ yEck u¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

61. hō is pronounced longer.

g¨v¨ d¨ yEck g¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

62. bō is pronounced longer.

c¨v¨ d¨ yEck c¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

63. pō is pronounced longer.

i¨v¨ d¨ yEck i¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

64. mō is pronounced longer.

e¨v¨ d¨ yEck e¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

65. yō is pronounced longer.

;¨v¨ d¨ yEck ;¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

66. rō is pronounced longer.

j¨v¨ d¨ yEck j¨ mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA

Devoicing of vowel: Loj dk v?k¨’k.k ¼vkokt jfgr Loj½

Desu is pronounced as des. Desu d¨ nsl dh rjg mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA

Masu is pronounced as mas. Masu d¨ ekl dh rjg mPpkfjr fd;k tkrk gSSA



7

Index fo’k; lwph

S.No.

Øe l-

Page Nos.

i`’B l-

1. Lesson- 1 Hajimemashite? 10 – 16

v/;k; - gkftesekf‛krs?

2. Lesson- 2 Kore wa nan desu ka? 17 - 24

v/;k; - d¨js ok uku nsl dk?

3. Lesson- 3 Takushīnoriba ga arimasu ka? 25 - 32

v/;k; - rkdq‛khbu¨fjck xk vkfjekl dk\

4. Bowing (Ojigi) ueu ¼v¨ftfx½ 33

5. Lesson- 4 Taoru o nimai kudasai. 34 - 41

v/;k; - rkv¨# v¨ fuekb dqnklkbA

6. Lesson- 5 Namae o kaite kudasai. 42 - 50

v/;k; - ukek, v¨ dkbrs dqnklkbA

7. Japanese Greetings

tkikuh vfHkuUnu@lRdkj

51 - 52

8. Lesson- 6 Nanji ni okimasu ka? 53 - 66

v/;k; - ukfUt fu v¨fdekl dk\

9. Lesson- 7 Kyōto e ikimashita. 67 - 74

v/;k; D;¨v¨r¨ , bfdekf‛krkA

10. Japanese Festival

tkikuh R;©gkj

75 - 76

11. Lesson- 8 Kasa o sagashite imasu. 77 - 83

v/;k; - dklk v¨ lkxkf‛krs beklA

12. Lesson- 9 Chotto samui desu. 84 - 90

v/;k; - p¨Rr¨ lkeqb nslA

13. Japanese Art & Craft

tkikuh dyk v©j f‚kYi

91–92


Shekhar Jayal

8

14. Lesson- 10 Totemo tanoshikatta desu. 93 - 100

v/;k; - r¨rse¨ rku¨ sf‛kdkRrk nslA

15. Lesson- 11 Indo no ryōri ga suki desu ka? 101 - 107

v/;k; - bUn¨ u¨ j;¨v¨fj xk lqfd dk\

16. Japanese Sports

tkikuh [ksy 108 - 109

17. Lesson- 12 Yasumi ga hoshī desu. 110 - 117

v/;k; - ;klqfe xk g¨‛khb nslA

18. Lesson- 13 Pen o agemasu. 118 - 124

v/;k; - isu v¨ vkxseklA

19. Japanese Cuisine tkikuh O;atu

125 - 126

20. Lesson- 14 Tomeru koto ga dekimasu ka? 127 - 135

v/;k; - rës# d¨r¨ xk nsfdekl dk\

21. Lesson- 15 Totemo rippa de hirokatta desu. 136 - 141

v/;k; - r¨rse¨ fjIik ns fgj¨dkRrk nslA

22. Japanese Costumes

tkikuh os‚kHkw‘kk 142

23. Lesson-16 Doko de katta n desu ka? 143 - 151

v/;k; - n¨d¨ ns dkRrk u nsl dk\

24. Lesson-17 Ame ga furu deshō ka? 152 - 157

v/;k; - vkes xk Qq# ns‛k¨v¨ dk\

25. Appendix - Counting 158 - 159

ifjf‛k’V ¼fxurh½

26. Appendix - Days of the Week & Months 160

ifjf‛k’V ¼lIrkg d¢ fnu@eghus½

27. Appendix -Dates 161

ifjf‛k’V ¼frfFk½

28. Appendix - Week 162

ifjf‛k’V ¼lIrkg½



9

29. Appendix - Telling of time 163

ifjf‛k’V ¼le; dk crkuk½

30. Appendix - Hours & Days 164

ifjf‛k’V ¼?kUVs v©j fnu½

31. Appendix - Months & Year 165

ifjf‛k’V ¼eghus v©j lky½

32. Appendix -Counters 166- 168

ifjf‛k’V ¼dkmaVlZ½

33. Appendix - Verb 169- 173

ifjf‛k’V ¼fØ;k½

34. Appendix - Adjective 174 - 175

ifjf‛k’V ¼fo‛ks’k.k½

35. Answer sheet

¼mRrj iqfLrdk½

177 - 218


Shekhar Jayal

10

Lesson (v/;k;)-1 Vocabulary¼‛kCnkoyh½

1. Watashi okrkf‛k I ¼eSa½

2. Anata vkukrk You ¼rqe@vki½

3. Watashitachi okrkf‛krkfp We ¼ge½

4. Gakusē xkdqls, Student ¼fo|kFkÊ½

5. Sensē lsUls, Teacher (Not to be used for one’s own job)

¼v/;kid ¼bldk Á;¨x vius Lo;aa d¢ dk;Z d¢

fy, ugha g¨rk gS½

6. Kyōshi D;¨v¨f‛k Teacher ¼v/;kid½

7. Kaisha dkb‛kk Company ¼dEiuh½

8. Kaishain dkb‛kkbu Company employee ¼dEiuh deZpkjh½

9. Ginkō fxUd¨v¨ Bank ¼cSad½

10. Ginkōin fxUd¨v¨bu Bank employee ¼cSad deZpkjh½

11. Isha b‛kk Doctor ¼MkDVj½

12.

Enjinia ,fUtfuvk Engineer ¼bathfu;j½

13. Compūtā dËI;wmrkvk Computer ¼dEI;wVj½

14. Kuruma dq#ek Car ¼dkj½

15. Honda gÜnk A famous car company

¼,d Áfl) dkj dEiuh½

16. Jin ftu Jin is used as a suffix with a country’s

name and means the national of that

country.

¼ÞftuÞ dk ,d ÁR;; dh rjg fdlh ns‛k d¢

uke d¢ lkFk Á;¨x fd;k tkrk gS v©j bldk

vFkZ g¨rk gS ml ns‛k dk ukxfjd½

17. Nihon fugü Japan ¼tkiku½

18. Nihonjin fugüftu Japanese national ¼tkiku dk ukxfjd½

19. Indo bUn¨ India ¼Hkkjr½

20. Indojin bUn¨ftu Indian national ¼Hkkjr dk ukxfjd½



11

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Sample Copy. Not For Distribution. · get a mention here and these are Minna no Nihongo, Nihongo Shōkyū, Yansan to Nihon no Hitobito, Genki, Japanese for Everybody and Japanese