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Phishing and Identity theftITEC810
Saravana Venkatesh Chellam42323088
Supervisor : Josef Pieprzyk
Roadmap :Aim
Significance
Introduction to phishing & its attacks
Overview of phishing techniques
Countermeasures of phishing techniques.
Conclusion and future scope.
Aim:
To understand phishing and its impacts in different industries.
To Identify the phishing techniques.
To provide the counter measures of anti-phishing techniques.
To provide recommendation and identify future scope of phishing.
Project significance:
Few important aspects: loss of privacy by clients, identity of clients is compromised, stolen client credentials can be abused (sold on black market, used to commit computer crimes, etc.)
Due to the scale of the attacks, there is the potential for huge financial loses(average theft of $4000 USD per attack)
Customers of financial institutions, retail companies, social networking sites and internet service providers were frequent targets.
Project significance: In 2010, RSA witnessed a total of 203,985 phishing
attacks launched(RSA online Fraud, 2010)
As compared to the total in 2009, this marks a 27 percent increase in the phishing attack volume over the previous year (RSA online Fraud, 2010)
Project significance:
APWG(Anti-phishing group) - 2010
Project significance: Results of an phishing attack: (Simon
Whitehouse, 2007) 5% Get To The End User – 100,000 (APWG) 5% Click On The Phishing Link – 5,000 (APWG)
60% of banks suffered from Phishing attacks against their brands – (Gartner)
2% Enter Data Into The Phishing Site –100 (Gartner)
Introduction:Phishing is a form of identity theft that aims to steal
sensitive information from user such as password and credit card information.
Mediums include:Emails,Websites,IM.
The Goal is to extract information from a target.
Introduction:The Major driver of phishing is –Money Money Money
!!!
With organisations becoming more aware phishers had to come up with advanced methods.
Phishing attacks nowadays use pre packaged toolkits and advanced spam techniques to ensure maximum exposure.
Phishing attack representation:
Stan Hegt - May 2008 - Analysis of phishing attacks
Overview of Phishing techniquesPhishing delivery modes:
E-mail and Spam
Web-based Delivery
IRC and Instant Messaging
Trojaned Hosts.
Phishing methods:
Gunter 2007 - The Phishing Guide
Phishing techniques:Email techniques :-• Attachments to e-mails –• Use of font differences –• Hyperlinks to similar domain names-• Filling forms .
Web –based techniques:-• Fake banner advertising.• IM .• Fake websites(having similar domain names).• Browser vulnerabilities,Spyware,malware.
Phishing techniques:Spoofed mails:A formal email request is sent to the user to send back
sensitive information.Some scams are like winning notifications which ask for
credit card number and other information.
Spoofed websites:Here fake websites of financial organisation etc are
crafted by attackers similar to the legitimate site.
Mostly these websites are http enabled not https .
Some tricks:To reduce suspicion and increase authenticity:-
The URLs might be obfuscated to look like the legitimate site.
Example :http://privatebanking.mybank.com as http://privatebanking.mybank.com.chhttp://mybank.privatebanking.comhttp://privatebanking.mybonk.com
It uses real logos and corporate identity elements in the spoofed website.
Typical attack:Attacker sends a large number of people of spoofed
emails(that act like to be coming from a legitimate organisation) to users.
The emails have hyperlink to spoofed websites wherein the users are directed to.
The victims are then asked to enter their sensitive information.
Phishing techniques: Instant messenger: As IM clients allow for embedded dynamic content (such
as graphics, URLs, multimedia includes, etc.) to be sent by channel participants.
Usage of bots (automated programs that listen and participate in group discussions) in many of the popular channels, means that it is very easy for a phisher to anonymously send semi-relevant links and fake information to would-be victims.
Phishing techniquesWeb based- Phishing attacks :
Client-side Vulnerability ExploitationBrowser vulnerabilities – Add-ons , plugins etc
Observing Customer Datakey-loggers and screen-grabbers
Phishing Techniques:Observing customer data: Keylogger,screengrabbers
The purpose of key loggers is to observe and record all key presses by the customers.
Some sophisticated phishing attacks make use of code designed to take a screen shot of data that has been entered into a web-based application
Countermeasure against phishing The defensive mechanisms to counter the phishing
technique threats.
The Client-side – this includes the user’s PC and desktop.
The Server-side – this includes the business’ Internet visible systems and custom applications.
Enterprise Level – distributed technologies and third-party management services.
Client side :At the client-side, protection against phishing can be afforded
by:
Desktop protection technologies
User application-level monitoring solutions
Locking-down browser capabilities
Digital signing and validation of email
General security awareness
Server side:
Improving customer awareness
Providing validation information for official communications
Ensuring that the Internet web application is securely developed and doesn’t include easily exploitable attack vectors.
Using strong token-based authentication systems
Keeping naming(domain name) systems simple and understandable
Enterprise level: Automatic validation of sending e-mail server
addresses
Digital signing of e-mail services
Monitoring of corporate domains and notification of “similar” registrations
Perimeter or gateway protection agents
Third-party managed services
Checklist for prevention:Recommendation Consumer BusinessEmail attachments from emails(open only
trusted people emails)Yes Yes
Awareness when receiving emails that ask for account details.
Yes Yes
Avoid clicking on hyperlink in emails. Yes Yes
Report suspicious emails to the authorities. Yes Yes
To be upto date on all information related to phishing.
Yes Yes
Usage of latest browsers versions and installation of security patches.
Yes Yes
Install update and maintain firewalls(including malware, spyware security )
Yes Yes
Consistently monitor logs of firewalls,DNS servers and intrusion detection systems(to check for infected systems etc)
Yes Yes
Ensuring only approved third party devices can connect to the network.
Yes
Future scope of phishing:We expect that the future of scope of phishing is expected
to rise especially in the mobile environment.
The mobile operating systems and browsers lack the security indicators,as a result the users cannot always check if they are in the correct site .
Android phones could be more vulnerable to phishing .(Free market phishy apps online)
Conclusion:
The driver of phishing is money and phishing is expected to rise in future !!!
Awareness and education among users and businesses Usage of technology to fight phishing.
The combat the phishing techniques we need sound anti- phishing policies, measures(defense) and law enforcement.