Satellite Applications for

Disaster Risk Reduction

15 February 2012

Shinichi Mizumoto

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

Contents

1. An Overview of JAXA

2. Major Earth Observation Programs of

JAXA

3. Satellite Utilization in the Great East

Japan Earthquake in 2011

4. Regional Framework to Support

Disaster Management - Sentinel Asia

2

3

H-IIＢ

Rocket

H-transfer Vehicle

（HTV）

ISS/Japanese

Experiment Module

(JEM) Kibo

1st Quasi-

Zenith Satellite

“MICHIBIKI”

Global Change

Observation Mission-

Water（GCOM-W）

“SHIZUKU”

Contributions toward a Secure and Prosperous Society

Epsilon Rocket

Earth Observation Satellites

International Space Station（ISS） Space Science

Space Exploration

Space Transportation

Research on

Environmentally Friendly

Clean Engine Technology

Aeronautics

SELenological and

Engineering Explorer

(SELENE) “KAGUYA”

Asteroid Explorer

“HAYABUSA”

Communication &Navigation Satellites

Expansion of Human Frontiers

Project Overview: 2nd Mid-Term Plan (Apr.’08 – Mar.’13)

Wideband Internetworking

Engineering Test & Demonstration

Satellite (WINDS) “KIZUNA”

Greenhouse Gases

Observing Satellite

（GOSAT） “IBUKI”

Research on Domestically made

Passenger Aircraft Technology

Advanced Land Observing Satellite

（ALOS） “DAICHI”

Solar Physics Satellite

“ HINODE”

Development of Advanced Technologies

3

JAXA Organizational Structure

Aviation

Program

Group

Institute of

Space &

Astronautical

Science

Aerospace

Research &

Development

Directorate

Space

Transportation

Mission

Directorate

Space

Applications

Mission

Directorate

Policy Coordination Admin. Management Technical Management

Dr. Keiji Tachikawa

Human

Space

System &

Utilization

Mission

Directorate

Lunar &

Planetary

Exploration

Program

Group

President

Vice-President

Tsukuba Chofu Sagamihara

Mr. Kiyoshi Higuchi

4

Budget (FY2011) :

172.6 Billion Yen

Personnel : 1,550

Major Areas of JAXA’s Earth Observation Program

①Disasters

② Health

③ Energy

④Climate

⑤Water

⑥ Weather

⑦ Ecosystems

⑧ Agriculture

⑨ Biodiversity

Disaster prevention and mitigation, monitoring floods, earthquakes, crustal deformation, forests, biomass,

agriculture etc. ALOS series

Greenhouse gases and carbon flux - GOSAT

Climate change and water cycle precipitation, clouds, aerosols, SST, snow, ice, etc. - TRMM, AMSR-E, GCOM-W1, C1

JAXA focuses on 4 areas out of 9 Societal Benefit Areas of GEOSS Implementation Plan.

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ALOS Series

• ALOS-2 (SAR satellite)

• Launch in 2013

ALOS

PALSAR PRISM

AVNIR-2

• ALOS-3 (Optical satellite)

• Launch in 2015（TBD）

Jan. 2006-May 2011

Weight : 4 t

Weight : 2t Weight : 2t

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Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT)

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Current Ground-based Observation Points (320pts)

Provided by WMO WDCGG

Increase of Observation Points using

GOSAT (56,000pts)

GOSAT enables global (with 56,000 points) and frequent (at every 3 days) monitoring CO2 and CH4 column density. (Launched in Jan 2009)

TANSO-CAI

(Cloud and

Aerosol Imager)

TANSO-FTS

(Fourier Transform

Spectrometer)

Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM)

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GCOM-W GCOM-C

Orbit

Type : Sun-synchronous orbit

Altitude : 699.6 km (A-Train)

Inclination : 98.2 degrees

Local sun time : 13:30±15min

Type : Sun-synchronous orbit

Altitude : 798 km

Inclination : 98.6 degrees

Local sun time : 10:30±15min

Satellite

overview

Mission life 5 years

Launch

vehicle H2A launch vehicle

Instrument AMSR 2 (Advanced Microwave

Scanning Radiometer-2) SGLI (Second Generation

Global Imager)

Launch JFY 2011 (GCOM-W1) JFY 2014 (GCOM-C1)

• Establish and demonstrate the global and long-term Earth observing system (contribute to GEOSS)

• Contribute to improvement of climate change prediction in concert with climate model research institutions

Main Mission

GCOM-W1 EMC Test

GCOM-W1 in A-Train

GCOM-W1 participates to “A-Train”, afternoon orbit constellation led by NASA.

Global Rainfall Map (GSMaP)

9 9

Typhoon MORAKOT (09W): Aug. 5 – 10, 2009 (Big impact in Chinese Taipei)

• Global rainfall map merging TRMM, AMSR-E and

other satellite information

• Available 4-hour after observation, hourly update

• 0.1-degree latitude/longitude grid

http://sharaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/GSMaP/

ALOS Imagery on 14 March 2011

10 Observed by AVNIR-2 on March 14

Collapse of Rokko-Ohashi bridge

Water-covered area by Tsunami from Soma to Tagajo

March 14 Feb 27

Minami –Sanriku Town

THEOS Imagery (Right) and

ALOS Pre-disaster Imagery (Left)

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Detecting Crustal Deformation Huge crustal deformations were detected by differential InSAR.

In the result we could found not only the deformation caused by

main quake on 11th Mar. but also the deformation caused by

aftershocks.

Epicenter

on 11th Mar.

Epicenter

on 11th Apr.

About 4 m ground surface shift

around Oshika Peninsula.

About 2 - 3 m

ground surface

shift caused by

aftershock on

11th April.

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Satellite Communication via WINDS

WINDS (‘Kizuna’)

TV conference among Morioka, Kamaishi & Ofunato City

Information gathering through Internet by evacuees

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Framework of Sentinel Asia

Sentinel Asia

APRSAF*

Space Community

Promotion of Utilization

Capacity Building

Disaster Management Community

Utilization (User)

ADRC** 29 Member Countries

UN / ESCAP UN / OOSA ASEAN AIT etc.

International Community

** Asian Disaster Reduction Center

Joint Project Team (JPT) Join Project Team consists of total 78 organizations including 67 organizations of 24 countries/region and 11 international organizations as of December 2011

JAXA is the secretariat of JPT.

* Asian-Pacific Regional Space Agency Forum

Data Provision

International Cooperation

JPT meeting in Putrajaya, Malaysia in July 2011 14

Major Activities of Sentinel Asia

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・Emergency Observation

accept emergency observation request

from JPT and ADRC members

・Working Groups Activities

Wildfire, Flood, Glacial Lake Outburst Flood

(GLOF) and Tsunami WGs

・Capacity Building and Human Networking

for the promotion of utilization

THEOS

PAN: 2m Multi: 15m

LISS-4: 5.8m Pan LISS-3: 23.5m Multi AWiFS: 56m Multi

IRS

PRISM: 2.5m Pan AVNIR-1: 10m Multi PALSAR: 10-100m L-Band

ALOS

EOC: 6.6m OSMI: 1km

KOMPSAT-1

JAXA

ISRO

KARI

GISTDA

NARL

FORMOSAT-2

Sentinel Asia Constellation

PAN: 2m MS: 8m

Sentinel Asia Constellation Contributing to Emergency Observations

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Flow of Emergency Observation

Sentinel Asia Step 2 System

ADRC Members JPT Members ADRC

JAXA ISRO GISTDA KARI NARL

Emergency Observation Request

Disaster Information

Disaster Management Agencies in Asia

Feedback

JAXA Asia Branch (Bangkok)

Disaster Occurrence

Support

Support

Emergency Observation Request

AIT, ADRC CRISP, CAIAG LAPAN, SD/Sri Lanka MONRE, ICIMOD Sri Lanka MoDM, CEA NCRST, BPPT, MO, etc.

Data Provider Node (DPN)

Data Analysis Node (DAN)

Own Data

Requesting Organization (RO) IDC

Analyzed Products

Emergency Observation Request

http://sentinel.tksc.jaxa.jp/

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Observed by IRS on 23 October

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Uttaradit Province North Province Northeast Province

Flood in Thailand in 2011

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Flood in Pakistan in 2010

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Inundation Map of the Flood in Pakistan Created by ICIMOD

• Wildfire WG -To contribute to the Asia-Pacific region with wildfire management -To contribution to REDD-plus

-JST-JICA(*) project for wildfire

and carbon management in a peatland

in Kalimantan, Indonesia

• Flood WG

-To contribute to the mitigation

of flood disasters in Asia

-Flood analysis using IFAS

• GLOF WG (Glacial Lake Outburst Flood)

-Monitor and establish early warning

system in the risk areas

-Local awareness and knowledge transfer

through capacity building

• Tsunami WG

-Tsunami early warning system

(*)JST: Japan Science and Technology Agency JICA: Japan International Cooperation Agency

Activities of Working Groups

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Capacity Building and Human Networking

• The 7th Sentinel Asia System Operation Training by JAXA,

• hosted by ICIMOD in February-

• March 2011

The 6th Sentinel Asia System Operation Training by JAXA, hosted by GISTDA in July 2010

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LAHAR - Mt. Mayon (PHIVOLCS)

Flood - Iloilo City (PAGASA)

Flood - Antique Province (MGB)

Creating Hazard Maps using ALOS Data

PCASTRD

DOST

OCD

NDCC PHIVOLCS NAMRIA MGB PAGASA

Sentinel Asia Success Stories

in the Philippines

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