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Satire
Examples of satirical techniques
Satire
• A literary manner that blends a critical attitude with humor and wit in an attempt to improve human institutions or humanity
Satire
• Typical themes of satirical works: the importance of maintaining standards, the reaffirmation of values, the necessity of reform
Two Types of Satire
• Horatian: gentle, light criticism
• Juvenalian: dark, bitter, cynical criticism
Devices used to create satire
• Irony Other literary devices are • Hyperbole used as well, such as simile,• Litotes metaphor, symbolism, and • Sarcasm personification• Pun• Parody• Caricature• Lampoon• Oxymoron• Ridicule
ParodyAn exaggerated imitation of a serious work for humorous purposes.
Examples: Scary Movie series, Shrek, the Simpsons, Austin Powers, Monty Python
Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. Original painting from circa 1503 – 1507. Oil on poplar.
Visual
Parody
Duchamp's parody of the Mona Lisa adds a goatee and moustache.
Visual Parody
Irony• Three types: verbal, situational, and
dramatic
• Verbal irony: You say something and mean the opposite
-“Mom will be happy to hear what you’ve done now”
• “Nice weather!” when it’s raining
Irony
• Situational irony: there is a vast difference between what is expected and what actually occurs– Going to war to prevent a war– Spending large amounts of money to
relieve poverty and increasing the level of poverty
Dramatic Irony
• The audience knows more than the characters
In horror movies we know the bad guy is in the basement and we want to tell the character, “Don’t go in the basement!”
Sarcasm• A form of verbal irony; sneering
criticism in which disapproval is expressed as ironic praise.
“Well, that was really intelligent”
Sardonicism: disdainfully or ironically mocking; even harsher than sarcasm.
Ridicule
• Words intended to belittle a person or idea and to arouse contemptuous laughter. The goal is to condemn or criticize by making the thing, idea, or person seem laughable and ridiculous.
Hyperbole
• Intentional exaggeration for effect
– I’m so hungry I could eat a horse!
– I nearly died when he told me that.
– I’ve heard that a million and one times.
Litotes• Deliberate understatement
– I could probably manage to survive on a salary of two million dollars a year.
– Saying “Not bad” when you really mean “That’s good!”
– Saying “It’s a bit breezy” to describe hurricane force winds
Pun• A play on words that are identical
or similar in sound but that have sharply diverse meanings
–Meet me at the clothes line. That’s where I hang out.
More Puns
–Police were called to a daycare where a three-year-old was resisting a rest.
–I wondered why the baseball was getting bigger. Then it hit me.
-He ate so much over the holidays that he decided to quit cold turkey.
Malapropism
• Absurd or humorous misuse of a word, especially by confusion with one of similar sound
• “ we’ll keep ‘em til they’re ransomed to death…”
Caricature
• A drawing, description, or performance that exaggerates somebody’s characteristics or features for humorous purposes– The characters in the tv shows The Office and
My Name is Earl– Jeff Foxworthy’s redneck persona and jokes– SNL skits
Lampoon
• A crude, coarse, often bitter satire ridiculing the personal appearance or character of a person.
Oxymoron• A figure of speech that is self-contradictory
– Jumbo shrimp
– Silent scream
– Tight slacks
– Peace force
– Pretty ugly
Political humor
See if you can identify examples of satirical vices
Political Humor Website
