New Generation Satellite Technologies

By M.K.HAK

SATCOM Technologies Development Overview

P r o d u c t s • S e r v i c e • S o l u t i o n s

Development Over View

• Space Segment– Design Life : 15 to 18 Years– On Board Processing Optimizing Transponder Packing to

Conserve Power and Transponder Utilization.– Back Up Power source to minimize service outages during

Solar Eclipse/ Lunar Shadow.– Automatic Transponder Gain Control for Rain Fade at Higher

Frequency Bands : To Allow Lower Antenna Sizes at Hub.– Number Of Trans Ponders : Close to Hundreds– Available Satellite Band Width : Up to 10 GHz Beam

Shaping and Switching for Dynamic Coverage and maximizing Revenue.

– Inter Satellite Laser Communication for avoiding double hop

Satcom Technologies – Development Overview. - Ground Segment

• Major Thrust Areas of Developments in Sat com Technology Ground Segment are

• Antenna – Reducing Size/Weight without any compromise on capability.

• Frequency of Operation - Up & Up ( Increasing Frequency means higher gain with lower antenna Dia.)

• High Power Amplifier – Higher Reliability and ease of Maintenance, Higher Power at increasing Freq.

• Other Electronics Like LNA, Up Down Converters, Antenna Control and Tracking Sub Systems

• Mobility – At all Times, Irrespective of Terrain and Equipment Complexity.

Frequency of Operation•Currently Used Frequency Spectrum For Satellite Communication –• L, S, C, X and Ku Band New Deployments• Ka Band

– 27.5 – 30 GHz Uplink– 17.2 – 21.2 GHz Dn Link

Under development•V Band

– 75 GHz Uplink– 40 GHz Dn Link

•Main Advantage of going to higher Frequency Bands is availability of Larger Bandwidth, thereby Making the Sat Com more cost effective.

High Power Amplifiers•Solid State Quad Mod Power Amplifier Now Available Up to

– C band - 2 KW– Ku Band - 400 W– Ka Band - 50 W

•Modular In Design •High Reliability MTBF more than 50000 Hrs• No Downtime with Partial Module Failure.• Restoration to Full Power with out any Service Outage • Can be integrated with a Block Up Converter for outdoor installation.

Associated Electronics•In Line with the Higher Frequency Band Deployments in the Sat com arena, the all receive chain components like LNA, UDC’s, Tracking and Antenna Control Systems are also keeping pace in. •Tomorrow’s Satellite Network to achieve Rx. G/T of 33.3 Deg K with a mere 3.8 M Ka band Antenna, with 100 K LNA and anyone of them could act as Hub.•Total RF System mounted just below the Antenna Hub to minimize the

Low Noise Block Converters - LNB

•As a lower cost solution without compromising on the quality, this product combines the Low Noise Amplifier and down converter functions. •The LNA & Dn Converter redundancy can be controlled by a single switch thus saving cost and making the unit more compact and power friendly.•Takes Ka/Ku band Rf input and delivers L Band (900 – 1400 MHz out put)

Mobility•Geo Stationary Satellite Communication was using Fixed Satellite Earth Stations (FSS).• Second Generation Satellite Earth Station witnessed Transported Satellite Earth Stations Redployable or Vehicle Mounted.

– Pointing to Satellite may take a few hours

•Third Generation Satellite Earth Stations - Satcom on the Move –

– Continuous Satellite Communication even while the vehicle is moving at a fast speed or unstable in a very tough terrain

– Auto Pointing Satellite Earth Stations.

•Currently, Mainly For Defence Applications but very soon to enter the Civilian Applications as well like Disaster Recovery / VIP Hotline etc.

Satcom On The Move

• Maintains Continuous Communication in all weather terrain land air or Sea even while Moving

• Maintains Link even when the vehicle is sharply turning.

Warrior Man Pack Auto Pointing Earth Station

• Can be Carried by two Persons as back Pack

• Total Weight : Less than 40 Ponds (20 Kg)

• Takes a few minutes of setting up

• Supports Encrypted Voice Data in TDMA and IP Format.

• Useful For Front Formations for Maintaining Continuous Communication with the Command Post

Special Antenna For Monitoring Purposes. - Tarus

• Can Support up to 36 Geo Stationary Satellite with2 Deg Separation in the Geo Stationary Arc.•Suppotrs all Frequency Bands For Receive Only Applications.•Can be deployed as per requirement. Only the feed to be added with out Disturbing Other Usage.• No Moving Parts. Hence Maximum Life & Reliability.

Characteristics of New Generation Satellite Network

• The size of the hub or remote station as per aesthetics and user convenience and not only on technical compulsion

• Flat Non Hierarchical Network : No designated Hub.• To be Open Ended and Protocol Free.• Search, Seek and Push Pull Operations to be Supported• Bursty, Variable BW & Sporadic Traffic! Welcome• Bandwidth-on-demand multi service satellite network

architecture • Common air interface over a point-to-point or Point to Multi Point

Satellite link• Position Location Services Integrated with GPS • Competition with Wide Band MW

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