SCENARIO(write your answer on back on Unit 6 cover page)

You and your best friends go to Harrison Center after school. A group of students from Washington-Lee show up, and begin to mock one of the friends in your group, and then pushes him or her.

1. Explain how you and your group of friends would react.

2. Explain why you would react this way.

World War One: The Beginning

World War I (1914-1918) was caused

by competition among industrial

nations in Europe and a failure of

diplomacy. The war transformed

European and American life, wrecked

the economies of Europe, and planted

the seeds for a second world war.

Essential Questions

• What were the factors that produced

World War I?

• What were the major events of the war?

• Who were the major leaders?

• What were the outcomes and global

effects of World War I?

• What were the terms of the Treaty of

Versailles?

Europe 1914

Europe 1918

Causes of World War I: (1914-1918)The MAIN causes of World War I were…

Militarism:– glorification of military– strong militaries seen as power– desire to fight for country

Alliances: – countries agreed to support each other

Imperialism:– compete for land & resources

Nationalism:– France: defeated in F-P war, desire to regain power– Germany: newly formed nation, strong military– Russia: Pan-Slavism (support Serbia, Slavic state)

The Alliance System

• Triple Alliance [Central Powers]– Germany, Austria-Hungary, and

Italy– Italy refuses to honor alliance in

WWI – Ottoman Empire joins the Central

Powers

• Triple Entente [Allied Powers]– France, Russia, and Great Britain– Later joined by Italy in 1915– USA becomes an associated

power during WWI

Allied vs. Central• Austria-Hungary• Germany• Italy (Triple Alliance) • Ottoman Empire• Bulgaria (shut down Russia’s use of transportation in the Black sea & Mediterranean)

*In addition to these nations, all of the colonies that belonged to the above nations also participated in WWI.

• Serbia• Russia• France

(Schlieffen Plan)

• Belgium• Great Britain• United States• Japan (make box on bottom of chart)

• Greece (make box on bottom of chart)

Why did each country enter World War I?

Directions: Read handout and pages 454-459, 470 and fill in alliance chart (country & reason for joining the war)

Central PowersName of Country

Why they joined

Bulgaria Economic reasons (OE/AH greatest trade partner) , Serbia strongest threat in Balkans

Ottoman Empire

Military alliance with Germany (allies could not protect OE from G)

Germany Military alliance with Austria-Hungary, followed suit

Austria-Hungary

Because the black hand (Serbia terrorist group) assassinated their Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand

Allied PowersName of Country

Why they joined

France Long-standing tensions with Germany (took land in late 1800s), military agreement with Russia

Belgium Wanted to be neutral, Germany marched through on way to France (Schlieffen Plan)- called GB for help

Russia Large Serbian minority, did not want AH expansion, agreed to join in Serbia was attacked by AH (leave 1917 Civil War)

Great Britain Alliance with Belgium, who was getting marched on by Germans on way to France

Italy Signed agreement with GB, get land in return for changing sides

Serbia AH declared war on them

U.S. Initially neutralLusitaniaZimmerman Telegram

Greece and Japan:Why did they join?

• Greece– Series of internal debates– Change in leadership—support Allied Powers

• Japan– Expand sphere of influence in China

Schlieffen Plan

• German plan• Goal: avoid a 2 front

war• Through neutral

Belgium into France• Concentrate troops

in the west-quickly defeat French

• Belgium enters war• Ultimately failed

The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, June 1914

• Assassinated by Gavrilo Princep, a Serbian Nationalist.

• Sparked a chain reaction of events that had disastrous consequences.

“July Crisis”

• Austrian officials saw nationalist minority groups as threat to monarch

• Assassination opportunity to crush Serbian-sponsored movement in Bosnia… (justification to take action)

• A-H dispatched an “ultimatum” that Serbia couldn’t accept in 48 Hours.

July Crisis cont.

• Serb military mobilizes and so does Austria

• Austria declares war (given the support from Germany)

• Germany then issues ultimatum to Russia demanding cessation of military measures against A-H; Russia doesn’t respect it and thus Germany declares war!!!

World War I• Label paper “World

War 1 Video Notes”• Notes: key events,

people, technology

Trench WarfareWrite a paragraph description of what life was like in the trenches during

WWI (think about and use details from last night’s reading!)

Kaiser Wilhelm II

GERMANY

Georges Clemenceau

FRANCE

Woodrow Wilson

U.S

Victor Emmanuel

ITALY

David Lloyd George

UNITED KINGDOM

Emperor Franz Joseph

AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN EMPIRE

Czar Nicholas II

Russia