Scholars DayWesley College

Dover, DE

April 14th, 2010

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Schedule of Events

1:00 – 1:15Welcome & opening remarks

William Johnston, President of Wesley College

1:20 – 2:00Oral Presentations: Session I

2:05 – 2:45Oral Presentations: Session II

Poster Presentations & Photographic Display

2:50 – 3:30Oral Presentations: Session III

3:35 – 4:15Oral Presentations & Performances: Session IV

4:15Reception & Ceremony

Oral Presentations and Performances in Wells Auditorium & Kresge Auditorium (Cannon 7)

Poster Presentations & Photography Displayin College Center Lobby & DuPont Gallery

Reception & Ceremony in Dulany Dining Hall

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Oral Presentations: Session I1:20 – 2:00

Chris Hall & Tony Codella

Ashley Rentz & Amanda Sanchez

(Note: this panel may extend to 2:15)

Allison Rubacky & Kori Isken

Rebecca Pennington, Sandra Oboh, Robert Meyners, & Tyler Burns

Amandine Buet

Panel 1: Wells AuditoriumModerator: Agashi Nwogbaga

Panel 2: Kresge AuditoriumModerator: Angela D’Antonio

Testing: “If You Remember the 60s, You W eren’t There.”

Ten Years that Changed the W orld: 1959 to 1969

Public Relations Campaign for Newark, Delaware’s Holiday Inn Express & Suites

Analysis of the Mobile W ireless Communication Industry and Research in Motion

Censorship: The Giver

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Oral Presentations: Session II2:05 2:45

Lauren Kamp

Matthew Gallagher

Poster Presentations & Photographic Display

Poster Presentations

Melissa Earley

Whitney Burge & Stefanie Michael

Matthew McAneny

Melissa Baldwin, Rebecca Pennington, & Chelsea Pratt

Kirk Witting

Jessi Lynn Messick

Jessica Walsh

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Wells AuditoriumModerator: Alban Urbanas

College Center Lobby & DuPont Gallery

Comparing Attention Deficits in Pre-Term and Full-Term Born Infants: A Proposed Longitudinal Study

An Analysis of Arbitrariness

Ability of W esley College Students to Apply Learning Objectives From Their Math Course to a Follow-up Course

Coral Reef Threats in Barbados

Correlation of the Rates of Solvolysis of S-isobuty l Chlorothioformate

The Effect of the Economic Downturn on Rum and Tourism in Barbados

Emotional Perceptions of Emerging Adulthood Males

Geocoding Tabular Health-Related Data for Analysis of Patient Care Serv ices

Gender-Specific Perceptions of Personality as a Function of Hair Color: Self and Other Ratings

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Brian Mahon

Merete Wiik Aanes

Niharika Patel & Laura V. Hinkle

Ghada Alabed

Angela Cellucci

Ashley Russell & Bradley Bivins

Peter A. Lorchak & Anthony M. Darrington

Amanda Sturgis & Taylor Hendricks

Melissa Savin

April Abel, Erick Huber, Amanda McCandless,Robert Ramnauth, Justin Rhodes, & Erica Queen

Importance of Linear Free Energy Relationships LFERs in Studying Solvolytic Behav ior in Thio- and Thionocarbonyl Esters

Mapping and Analyzing Green Campuses

Molecular Characterization and Biodegradation of Steroidal Hormones by Environmental Bacteria

Family Science Adventure: Chemistry____it’s elemental!”

Risk Factors Associated w ith Prematurity in an Urban Hospital in Mary land

The Student’s Perception on the Keys to Academic Success

Use of Linear Free Energy Relationships to Gauge Solvent Effects of Acid Chlorides

Using GIS to Assess the Impact of Coal M ining on Environmentally Sensitive Areas in W estern United States

Using GIS to Select W ind Farm Sites

Photojournalism Exhibit

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Oral Presentations: Session III2:50 – 3:30

Doryann Barnhardt

Jim Dorton

Alexander Lopuchin

Alfonso Torres & Robin Spangenberg

Panel 1: Wells AuditoriumModerator: Victor Greto

Panel 2: Kresge AuditoriumModerator: Lynn Lofthouse

Anxiety, Acceptance and Stereotypes: James Bond's Representation of Modern Masculinity

Religion, Borders, and Masculinity as Themes in Graham Greene’s The Honorary Consul

Queen Elizabeth and Protestant England

American Heroes: Thurgood Marshall, Earl W arren, Colin Powell, and Neil Armstrong

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Oral Presentations: Session IV3:35 – 4:15

Presentation by Travis Geiser

Jonathan Emmons, Conductor

Lauren Powell

Victoria Hall & Tiffany Furtak

Panel 1: Wells Auditorium

Panel 2: Kresge AuditoriumModerator: Linda De Roche

Contemporary Music Ensemble

W esley College Choir

I Am W oman, Hear Me Burp: The Influence of Tupperware on W omen in the 1950s

American Culture and Counterculture Defined by Colton Simpson and Carolyn Jessop

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Bwana, ni nani atakayekaa? arr. Graham Hyslop

Oculi omnium Charles Wood

Lay Your Healing Hands Upon Me Rollo Dilworth

Jonathan Emmons, conductor

Bianca BaileyMegan BradleyKorto Cassell

Christina CoatesWesley DessesowMegan Edwards

Amanda FetterolfCraig Foster

Monet GriffinJ. Valorie Hailey

Stephen C. HaileyTiffani Justice

Louise KaiJack Kraft

William Kroen

Jacqueline ManuRyan Morse

Ashley PeardShannon Perry

Marquese ProctorTanyetta SandersPatience Sando

Stephanie SawyerKayla SherwoodAndrew Stone

Eghosa UgiagbeMegan Varga

Antonique VinsonErvin Wallace, Jr.

Hui Zeng

Wesley College Choir

PROGRAM

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WESLEY COLLEGE CHOIR

O Lord, who shall dwell in your tabernacle?W ho shall make their dw elling in your hill?

The one who w alks uprightly and does justice.The goodness of your dwelling is beyond compare, O Lord of Hosts.

Blessed are they that dwell in your house and tabernacle.One day in your house is better than a thousand days.

The eyes of all wait upon thee, O Lord.And thou givest them their meat in due season.

Glory be to Thee, O Lord. Amen.

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Presentation by Travis Geiser

Blue Bossa, Kenny DornhamA Night in Tunisa, Dizzy GillespieWhipping Post, Allman Bros. Band

Ensemble Members:

CJ Bacote - PercussionRachael Coats – SaxophoneWesley Dessesow - OrganJeff Gibson – Percussion

Travis Geiser - PercussionNick Hancock – GuitarDavid Laganella – BassBrian Mahon - Guitar

Shane Miller - VoxKurt Pokoiski – Saxophone

Mike Sandy – GuitarLawrence Tyler - Percussion

Contemporary Music Ensemble

PROGRAM

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Presented by

Mentors: Joe Mullan & Tery Griffin

Mentor: Susanne Fox

Almost 50 years after the end of the tumultuous decade of the 1960s, we interviewed people who lived through it. We were probing for what they remembered from those times, whether they participated in the counter-culture, what the period was noted for, and what their judgment of that period is today. As might be expected, per the history of the period, relatively few of our respondents were actively involved in creating or sustaining the turmoil that marked this decade. And of the activists, Civil Rights and Anti-Vietnam War protests were the dominant activities with limited cross-over between these two “mainstream” upheavals. But all the respondents recalled aspects of that period, even though most acted as self-professed observers rather than participants. Perhaps because of their relative non-involvement, they were uncertain, especially for pop culture events, on whether they were recalling the 1960s rather than something from the 1950s or the 1970s. Many of these “observers” cited that they were “too busy” doing routine things – working, going to school, raising a family – to get involved. Geography also played a role in their non-involvement; the more rural our respondents were in that time, the more they recalled counter-culture activities taking place elsewhere, that very little or none occurred in their communities. Interestingly, many actually participated, to the extent that they enjoyed some of the new sexual freedoms, the feminist liberations, the increased recreational drug usage, and the pop culture environment the decade engendered. But today, they see much of this as individual youthful experimentation rather than as collectively advancing cultural norms enduringly, even though they did not individually retreat to the old standards. Finally, almost all judge the decade positively despite the turmoil. Perhaps this is attributable to their casual involvement on a personal rather than organized basis. They could dabble in what appealed to them individually but otherwise avoid mainstream involvement or attention. But the consensus on the primary enduring value is interesting: increased activism. People today are more politically and socially aware, have greater belief in the influence each individual can exert, and do increasingly protest or confront government because of the 1960s.

Photojournalism Exhibit

April Abel, Erick Huber, Amanda McCandless,Robert Ramnauth, Justin Rhodes, & Erica Queen

Chris Hall & Tony Codella

Testing: “If You Remember the 60s, You Weren’t There.”

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Mentor: Susanne Fox

1959 and 1969 were two tumultuous years that changed American history, one year

jumpstarted the nineteen sixties, one brought it to a close, and both years are representative of the

changes that took place in the mid twentieth century in America. The work to be presented on

Scholar’s Day is on how America was changed by the sixties, and the lasting impact of those changes.

The presentation will also show the differences in America in both 1959 and 1969. The nineteen

sixties was a time of political upheaval, social change, technological advances, and musical

phenomenon. Great leaders were assassinated, teenagers were breaking free from the confines of

their parent’s expectations, the space race was ignited, and music legends such as Jimmy Hendrix took

center stage. These are just a few of the examples of the events that caused the changes which

occurred in the nineteen sixties. The nineteen sixties would change America and the world forever,

and through historical examples, the impact of the nineteen sixties is apparent. Through research,

based on primary and secondary sources it can be concluded that the nineteen sixties was a time

period in American history that changed the trajectory of the country politically and socially.

Mentor: Lynn Lofthouse

A recently opened hotel in the Newark area must find ways to advertise itself and improve

customer service. Anyone from loyal football goers to business related travelers are targeted in the

campaign that was placed together for the hotel. This project was executed to improve services for

customers of the Holiday Inn Express & Suites of Newark, Delaware. Thorough research was

conducted using secondary sources to understand issues. From this, a problem statement was

constructed. A survey instrument was created asking questions that would give information about

customers' perception and satisfaction. As a result of analyzing data from the surveys, a PR campaign

was created. Four PR components of the campaign to increase perceptions of this company were

developed and will be highlighted in this presentation.

Ten Years that Changed the W orld: 1959 to 1969

Public Relations Campaign for Newark, Delaware’s Holiday Inn Express & Suites

Ashley Rentz & Amanda Sanchez

Allison Rubacky & Kori Isken

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Mentor: Kathleen Jacobs

Mobile wireless communication has been a rapidly growing trend. This form of communication involves the transmission of signals via radio frequencies between mobile access devices and wireless networks (White et al, 2010). Wireless technology has a plethora of applications, both in society and business. This mobile form of communication allows users to connect to the Internet and access information, virtually anytime and anywhere. The demand for wireless handheld devices has become worldwide, being fueled by several global trends. Research in Motion was the first to market with two-way messaging, but demands quickly required more. Technological advancements encouraged vendors to shift from “traditional ‘telephony’ and release new ‘converged’devices” (White et al, 2010). A shift in the telecommunications industry demanded more than just the typical cell phone. Smartphones became the latest demand, as they represent the complete communication tool, for they combine all the standard functions of mobile phones with fully integrated e-mail, organizer applications, and browser (White et al, 2010). Research in Motion has implemented a strategic plan to invest heavily in its R&D program, to gain a competitive advantage and lead the mobile industry. RIM has been able to remain one of the leading companies in the industry, with a great deal of thanks to its intense focus on R&D. However, RIM can no longer rest on its laurels. The wireless communication industry is growing at an explosive rate.

Mentor: Susan Cooper

In ED311, Literature for Children, our assignment was to select a book that has been challenged for censorship within schools and support why it qualifies to stay within the school system. For my book, I chose to defend The Giver, by Lois Lowry. For the first part of the paper I defined what censorship means and how it is active in the United States even though it goes against our First Amendment rights. The next section includes a synopsis of the book which I used as a transition to discuss its merit, as specified by the American Library Association (ALA), within the genres of modern realistic fiction and fantasy. I then explain its qualifications for received awards, and refute censorship claims in regard to murder, suicide, abandonment, selective breeding, infanticide, and euthanasia. This paper employs the critical voice and is an example of a defense that could be presented to a school board in order to keep Lois Lowery’s The Giver within school systems.

Analysis of the Mobile W ireless Communication Industry and Research in Motion

Censorship: The Giver

Rebecca Pennington, Sandra Oboh, Robert Meyners, & Tyler Burns

Amandine Buet

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Mentor: Angela D’Antonio

Pre-term infants have been shown to have a large amount of developmental difficulties including deficits in attention and increased distractibility. These deficits have been shown to persist over time and throughout childhood development. The current research proposal is a longitudinal study to compare pre-term and full-term born infants in the state of Delaware. Subjects will be selected from three hospitals in Delaware. Pre-term and full-term born cohorts will be matched on gender, race, and age. Subjects will be assessed at ages 6, 11, and 16 on four measures of attention including the WAIS Digit Span, the Child Behavior Checklist, the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test II, and the Gordon Diagnostic System which are all well known, reliable and valid testing mechanisms of attention and distractibility. Hypotheses of the proposal are as follows: Attention deficits will be shown to increases as age increases, pre-term born participants will show a higher rate of attention deficits as compared to their full-term born cohorts, and there will be greater attention deficits shown in pre-term born boys compared to pre-term born girls. Statistical analysis will be used in order to show the increases in impulsivity and distractibility at each age group, as well as to test those factors using both groups of participants.

Mentors: Alban Urbanas & Jack Barnhardt

My Senior Thesis for the Wesley College Honors program is a formal exploration of the concept of arbitrariness as it relates to epistemology. I maintain the position that arbitrariness is recognized only in contrast to a system of rationalization. Arbitrariness only reveals itself as the absence or rejection of logical support as a justification for actions or classifications. It seems that arbitrariness, although connoting insignificance or irrelevance, is an idea of understated importance. When we declare a judgment or action to be arbitrarily motivated, what are we implying about non-arbitrary choices? At the heart of this question is the nature of the thought process itself: how humans perceive reality, express their comprehension of it through language, and make judgments that inevitably determine their choices. To develop this project, I am researching the evolution of Western reason through several major systems, including Aristotelian and Boolean logic, as well as Set Theory, Gödel's Theorem and the works of metaphysical philosophers of the enlightenment such as Hume and Kant. Also, I am evaluating works in science, philosophy, literary criticism, semiotics, linguistics and historical interpretation in order to determine the degree to which arbitrariness is prevalent throughout established fields of inquiry and society itself.

Comparing Attention Deficits in Pre-Term and Full-Term Born Infants: A Proposed Longitudinal Study

An Analysis of Arbitrariness

Lauren Kamp

Matthew Gallagher

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Mentor: Derald Wentzien

Wesley College student’s ability to transfer knowledge of math concepts learned in MA 102 Intermediate Algebra and MA 108 Math Concepts and Operations II to their other courses will be analyzed. Two specific learning objectives, the use of proportional reasoning and the use of formulas, will be assessed using scoring rubrics. A paired t-test will be performed to compare the rubric score for the learning objective in the math class taken in the fall of 2009 to the rubric score for the learning objective for the same student in a course taken in the spring of 2010.

Mentors: William Kroen & Kraiwinee Bunyaratevej

The tourism industry is the largest source of revenue for the Island of Barbados. The coastal areas are both economically and socially the most valuable assets to the country. Perhaps the most popular attraction for tourists is the coral reefs. The purpose of our study is to analyze the impact of human and economic development on the marine life and coral reefs of Barbados. We will also discuss what local government, companies, and people are doing to decrease the amount of man-made damage. Environmental factors that impact the reefs include development, over fishing, tourist pressure, sewage disposal, runoff, and increasing ocean water temperatures. With research, we became informed on the effects of these factors as well as proposed solutions to the problem. This prepared us for a week-long trip to Barbados on February 28. While in Barbados, we got a true “tourist experience” and took a snorkeling tour, observing and documenting the marine life and the safety and anchoring methods of the companies operating there. The experience and information gathered while abroad helped us better understand the hazards facing the reefs and what is being done by the companies and government to avoid or lessen negative effects.

Ability of Wesley College Students to Apply Learning Objectives from Their Math Course to a Follow-up Course

Coral Reef Threats in Barbados

Melissa Earley

Whitney Burge & Stefanie Michael

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Mentor: Malcolm J. D’Souza

Thiochloroformate esters are often used as intermediates in the synthesis of novel pro-drugs that are activated by the organism by means of natural biochemical processes. As a result there has been significant interest in their hydrolysis, alcoholysis, and aminolysis processes, as such reactions are useful models for enzymatic mechanisms. The effects of solvent variation of the available specific rates of solvolysis of s-isobutyl chloroformate, are analyzed in terms of the extended Grunwald-Winstein equation using the NT scale of solvent nucleophilicity (S-methyldibenzothiophenium ion) combined with a YCl scale based on 1-adamantyl chloride solvolysis. Previous studies found that alkyl or phenyl chlorothioformates solvolyze in the more nucleophilic solvents by an addition-elimination mechanism with the addition step being rate-determining and in the highly ionizing solvents, the mechanism is unimolecular.

Mentors: Kraiwinee Bunyaratavej & William Kroen

This presentation is centered on the international economic effects that are occurring in Barbados. Two of this country’s major industries, rum and tourism, are suffering a great deal due to the downturn in the world economy. As the global economy incurs economic distress, the Barbadian economy is also shaken. The studies conducted show the parallel trends of the Barbados economy to that of the United States, and the effects of the downturn on their major industries. The tourism sector has a multifaceted effect from the economic downturn. Tourism can be broken down into subcategories which are affected somewhat differently. In addition, the rum industry has taken a hard hit and is struggling to find solutions to increase sales and expand the market. Furthermore, not only does this research convey evidence of an anguished Barbadian economy, it is also a representation of other small islands dependent upon the success of larger nations to create domestic income.

Correlation of the Rates of Solvolysis of S-isobutyl Chlorothioformate

The Effect of the Economic Downturn on Rum and Tourism in Barbados

Matthew McAneny

Melissa Baldwin, Rebecca Pennington, & Chelsea Pratt

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Mentor: Jack Barnhardt

The current study examines the effect of a stereotype activating film clip, depicting hand-to-hand combat among males, on the self-rated emotional reactions and physiological response (heart rate) of males in emerging adulthood when they are subsequently shown a negative & threatening, a negative & non-threatening, a positive, and a neutral stimulus. The hypothesis of the experiment is that the men exposed to the stereotype activating film clip will report less of an emotional reaction to the pictures than the men who see either the neutral film clip or no film clip. It is further hypothesized that the difference in ratings would not correspond with any differences in heart rate. Results showed that subject emotional reaction ratings did not depend on the film clip they viewed, although, the stereotype activated group experienced significant physiological differences (increased heart rate) that the other groups did not. This may be due to evolutionary components as well as societal expectations regarding gender role.

Mentor: Bruce E. Allison

The most common form of geocoding uses programs to match tabular street address data with street address attributes in a line map layer of streets. A patient database can be developed within a hospital, allowing an analysis of what areas are adequately served can be completed. Once a patient database is geocoded, as a follow-up, mammography clinics for women between 40 and 64 can be mapped. The objectives were to use geographic information system (GIS) geocoding techniques to determine: 1-The need for and location of a satellite hospital based on hospital locations, the patients within a Zip Code, hospital capacities, and the availability of hospitals. 2- The need for and location of mammography clinics based on females between 40 and 64 and current clinics. Geocoding of the health-care organization’s database of patients by Zip Code was performed to create a Zip Code map of the United States. A choropleth map was produced, displaying patients in each Zip Code providing location patterns for regional patients. Tabular address data were then geocoded and TIGER/Line Maps created. The mammography clinics in Pennsylvania were geocoded to Zip Codes. A map was created to compare mammography clinics to the females between 40 and 64. Based on the number of patients and the location of current hospitals, the need for a satellite hospital was determined to be in Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania. Data revealed that central Pennsylvania had a higher patient to clinic ratio in comparison to areas in Pennsylvania with similar patient populations.

Emotional Perceptions of Emerging Adulthood Males

Geocoding Tabular Health-Related Data for Analysis of Patient Care Services

Kirk Witting

Jessi Lynn Messick

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Mentor: Elizabeth Siemanowski

A number of individuals (e.g., Atkins, 1984 & Feinman & Gill, 1978) have investigated hair color stereotypes for males and females and associated personality and physical attractiveness variables. This project compared participants’ self-perceptions of their personality characteristics with their appraisal of another same-age, same-gender individual’s personality. Participants included 48 Caucasian female students currently enrolled in psychology classes at Wesley College. The participants ages ranged from 18-32 (M = 21). Participants were asked to supply basic demographic information (i.e., age, gender, hair color, and skin color) and to rate themselves and, subsequently, a photograph depicting a same-aged, same-gender individual across several personality dimensions. The self and other ratings were obtained by utilizing a modified version of the personality inventory utilized by Atkins (1984). The hair color of the target individual depicted in the photographs was altered by computer to blonde, black, red, or medium brown. Our hypothesis was that participants would rate themselves more favorably than others. Furthermore, we hypothesized that in particular, the photographs showing females with red hair would be rated least favorably consistent with previous research findings and exacerbated by the relative scarcity of individuals with red hair on the Wesley College campus and in the U.S. Our analysis revealed a significant difference in participants’ willingness to befriend a red haired individual in comparison to all other hair colors. A final hypothesis we wished to test was that participants would rate the person pictured in the photograph more favorably if the target individual’s hair color matched the participant’s hair color. We tested this with a sample of 16 brunettes, the most popular recorded hair color among participants. Half of the brunettes viewed a picture depicting brown hair, while the other half viewed a picture of a blonde. A trend toward more favorable ratings for individuals similar to the rater was obtained.

Mentor: Malcolm J. D’Souza

Many thio- and thiocarbonyl esters are used as precursors to prepare low molecular weight protease inhibitors that can be effective anti-HIV agents or useful AIDS treatments. These compounds have also proven to be effective as pro-drugs against the microbial infection, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and have other potential for their anti-Hepatitis B virus activity. The specific rates of solvolysis of methyl and isopropyl chlorothioformate, and 4-fluorophenyl chlorothionoformate have been analyzed and compared using the extended Grunwald-Winstein equation. Previous research from our laboratories has shown that solvolysis occurs at the C=O or C=S group via a stepwise addition-elimination pathway in the more nucleophillic solvents. We acknowledge the NIH NCRR INBRE grant 2 p20 RR016472-09 for research support.

Gender-Specific Perceptions of Personality as a Function of Hair Color: Self and Other Ratings

Importance of Linear Free Energy Relationships LFERs in studying solvolytic behavior

in thio- and thionocarbonyl esters

Jessica Walsh

Brian Mahon

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Mentors: Bruce E. Allison and Jeffrey Mask

An increasing number of college applicants factor in a university’s environmentally friendly and sustainable practices when deciding where to apply. In 2009, the Sierra Club completed its third annual ranking of the most eco-enlightened U.S. universities. In the survey, 135 schools were ranked according to 8 sustainablilty categories: efficiency, energy, food, academics, purchasing, transportation, waste, and administration. The objectives of this research were 1) to use a geographic information system (GIS) to spatially query a geodatabase that contained sustainability information about colleges and universities in the United States and 2) to conduct a student survey at Wesley College to see what students think of the Sierra Club ranking criteria and how they judge the “greenness” of Wesley College. The geodatabase was queried for the following information:

. While city population did not influence the rankings significantly, there were distinct differences in scores among the different subregions. Demographic characteristics and average household income also made a difference in the scores. An interview with Wesley College’s president, William Johnston, and Eric Nelson, Vice President for Finance and Director of Human Resources, was also part of my research on the “greenness” of Wesley College and future plans to improve green and sustainable practices. A summary of that interview will be presented.

Mentors: Keka Biswas & Malcolm J. D’Souza

This undergraduate research project involves characterization and identification of bacteria that are capable of degrading manure-derived antibiotics and steroidal estrogenic hormones like 17-ß estradiol and estrone. Characterization of these bacteria and their extra cellular enzymes was through DNA extraction, colony PCR and sequencing to understand molecular mechanisms. These have a wide range of applications especially in studies involving environmental degradation of veterinary antibiotics and steroidal hormones. The second goal is to evaluate the bacteria’s ability to degrade estrogenic hormone and steroid containing pharmaceutical drugs. Such a study will help understand the microbiological degradation process for the fission of the steroid skeleton in the drugs and will document any relationship between the degradation process and the presence of susceptible points (viz. functional groups, double bonds, side chains, etc).

Mapping and Analyzing Green Campuses

Molecular Characterization and Biodegradation of Steroidal Hormones by Environmental Bacteria

Merete Wiik Aanes

Niharika Patel & Laura V. Hinkle

Top 20 vs. bottom 20; A+ and A vs. D- and F; Differences in scores among subregions; City incom e; City population (rural vs. urban location); Dem ographic characteristics of university location

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Mentor: Malcolm J. D’Souza

In the late 1900’s, Chemistry was the first passion of one of the world’s brightest men, Thomas Alva Edison. His teachers considered young Edison a failure; but his favorite hobby was performing chemistry experiments in his basement lab; a start to a most brilliant career. Born in Tobolsk, Siberia ten years prior to Edison, Dmitri Mendeleyev, also had chemistry as his passion and now is known as the father of the periodic table of the elements. He unlocked the hidden pattern of elements and showed its periodic nature; "periodic" means that there is a repeating pattern. The periodic table of the elements is an important tool used by students and chemists around the world to help them understand and simplify the often complex world of chemical reactions. Chemistry with its elemental nature to science has always been a source of great imagination and inspiration. This year marks the 140th birthday of the periodic table and we intend to celebrate it by firing the same passion of Edison and Mendeleyev in our students. By doing simple but inspiring experiments using various elements we will help the young scientists discover their own passion. Most of these experiments can be done safely at home or classroom setting. We will explain the scientific basis behind it, at the same time we will do stimulating illustrations that will keep all of our students interested. We will try to demonstrate that Chemistry is “elemental” to all other scientific fields.

Mentor: Mary Ann Lush

Prematurity occurs in approximately 12 percent of all pregnancies in the United States. It is one of the major causes of infant death. Prematurity requires costly care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and can cause long term medical, developmental, or behavioral problems that continue into childhood or permanently. A retrospective study of 50 infant NICU charts of infants born at less than 40 weeks gestation was conducted at an urban hospital in Baltimore, Maryland. Mercy Medical Center delivers approximately 2,600 babies annually with just about 400 babies needing NICU care. Roughly 60% of the mothers giving birth are on the Medicaid program. The purpose of the study was to identify the leading factors for admission to the NICU. Possible factors include: sex of infant, gestational age of infant, age of mother, race of mother, maternal substance use during pregnancy, diagnosis at birth, birth weight, maternal disease history, pain medication given before delivery, and birth type. The data was collected by querying the physician’s discharge summary form. It was found that the most frequent risk factor for admission includes female infants between 30 and 35 weeks gestation, and with a birth weight of 1000g to 2000g. Furthermore it includes infants born to African American mothers between the ages of 30 and 35 or 35 to 40 with negative substance use and disease history. Lastly, high risk factors included an infant diagnosis of respiratory distress after a cesarean birth in which the mother received pain medication before delivery. One of the important steps to preventing prematurity is to receive prenatal care as early as possible in the pregnancy.

Family Science Adventure: Chemistry____it’s elemental!”

Risk Factors Associated with Prematurity in an Urban Hospital in Maryland

Ghada Alabed

Angela Cellucci

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Mentors: Charlene Stephens & Derald Wentzien

Students are told constantly by parents and professors what to do to earn passing marks.These students however rarely listen. “It just does not make sense to trust these people who raise me or who grade my work,” the students must think. If students are not going to listen to professors, who are right in what they suggest, they should listen to their peers. This research shows what students perceive to be the reasons why they earned the grades they did. Two groups of students were chosen for this research, and within those groups the students were then selected at random.The students were split into passing students, 3.0 or higher, and struggling students, those students placed on academic probation. Hypothesis testing was then run to determine whether or not the results we found were significantly different from each other. This study will help Wesley College in the future to explain to incoming students what is needed to be a successful wolverine.

Mentor: Malcolm J. D’Souza

For almost 150 years scientists have been tryng to comprehend the correlation between solvent effects, chemical structure, and chemical reactivity. This knowledge has been applied to the development of compounds that are designed to either stimulate or block other chemicals from interacting with targeted receptors that have been shown to play major roles in human health.

The Student’s Perception on the Keys to Academic Success

Use of Linear Free Energy Relationships to Gauge Solvent Effects of Acid Chlorides

Ashley Russell & Bradley Bivins

Peter A. Lorchak & Anthony M. Darrington

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Mentor: Bruce E. Allison

During the coal mining process, especially strip and cavern mining, minerals that contain sulfur are uncovered and exposed to water and air. Then sulfuric acid forms, which can leach and dissolve heavy metals, like mercury, into the surrounding environment. The leachate and runoff from this solution are more toxic than normal runoff. The objective of this research was to determine the potential impact of coal mining and mercury hazards on environmentally sensitive areas in Western United States. A variety of spatial functionality within a geographic information system (GIS) was used to determine the potential impact of coal mining on environmentally sensitive areas.Spatial data was accessed from the US National Atlas. Data was extracted and clipped for Wyoming, Montana and Colorado. The Toxic Inventory Database from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was used to download reported mercury pollution sites to make an informed assessment of the problem. The environmental assessment showed that while no wilderness areas intersected coal fields, there was one site with mercury contamination within a wilderness area. There were also 25 sites of mercury contamination within a 20 km buffer of existing coal fields. Additionally, these sites were susceptible to mercury contamination because they intersected with coal plants. Future analyses could use human birth defects, learning disabilities, and infertility rates as indicators of mercury contamination.

Mentor: Bruce E. Allison

As the United States moves toward using renewable energy resources, there is a need to quantitatively analyze regional data to optimize the location of suitable wind turbine sites. The siting of large-scale wind generators is dependent on numerous factors. A geographic information system was used to analyze geospatial data to determine the best locations to site a wind energy farm in Colorado. Data for this project was accessed and downloaded for Colorado. Data layers used in this geospatial analysis included location and size of cities; location of the Continental Divide, state highways, interstates, federal lands, rivers, and counties; spatially distributed wind energy and speed; DEMs and demographic data from Census.gov. The data was stored, accessed, and analyzed using ArcGIS 9.3.1. The specific location criteria were: Wind Power Class of at least 4; Less than 5 miles from a highway, for easy access and maintenance; Less than 50 miles from a city containing at least 25,000 people, to ensure a nearby target market; Not on Federal Land; On land that is at least 1 square kilometer in size, large enough for a wind farm. Spatial patterns that were found appeared to suggest that a suitable location existed on the eastern side of the Continental Divide. Due to the proximity to large cities, highway access, lack of federal land use and reservations, and strong prevailing winds; the Front Range provided an ideal wind farm site location.

Using GIS to Assess the Impact of Coal Mining on Environmentally Sensitive Areas in W estern United States

Using GIS to Select W ind Farm Sites

Amanda Sturgis & Taylor Hendricks

Melissa Savin

22

Mentor: Jeffrey K. Gibson

James Bond has been an enduring popular culture icon since his creation in 1952 by World War II veteran Ian Fleming. Arising from course work completed as a part of Dr. Gibson’s Twentieth Century British Novels course, this presentation explores some ways in which Fleming’s literary James Bond character reflects the concept of masculinity over the last fifty years, and why James Bond is a powerful archetype for men who are trapped by social conventions of husband, father and wage earner. In Bond, Ian Fleming has constructed a literary examination of how masculinity is defined and challenged by society. The presentation explicates the post World War II domestic anxieties that led Ian Fleming to create the character James Bond, examining the rise of misogyny in masculine imagery at the time, and the ways in which the character of James Bond reflects those misogynistic anxieties. The presentation also examines the ways in which cultural rites of passage into manhood are manifest in the character of James Bond. Finally, the presentation investigates the ways in which Fleming exploits male stereotypes, both positive and negative, to clearly demarcate the desirable masculine traits from undesirable masculine traits. The literary Bond will be the main focusof this presentation; however, the James Bond films will also be briefly considered.

Mentor: Jeffrey K. Gibson

Many of Greene’s novels have been seen as peppered with religious and masculine themes, and many of his characters have been described as living on the edge. It should be no surprise, then, to find the themes of religion, masculinity, and borderland living pervasive in Greene’s The Honorary Consul. While this novel is most often counted among Greene’s political novels and rightly so, it is the purpose of this paper to make evident three other themes that are distinctly recognizable, if not as popularly recognized as such. One need not delve too deeply before seeing the themes of religion, masculinity, and the borderlands beginning to evolve. The book opens with a Thomas Hardy quote “'All things merge in one another...” Shortly thereafter, one is confronted with masculinity – and the lack of it: “Machismo – the sense of masculine pride – was the Spanish equivalent of virtus. It had little to do with English courage or a stiff upper lip” * Greene goes on to posit that this machismo was but a pretense held, and not well, by the father of the first character introduced, Dr. Plarr. Plarr’s mother was Spanish; his father was British. Of the latter, the narrator says, “Perhaps his father in his foreign way was trying to imitate machismo when he chose to face alone the daily increasing dangers on the other side of the Paraguayan border, but it was only the stiff upper lip which showed upon the quay . Thusly are we introduced to The Honorary consul.

Anxiety, Acceptance and Stereotypes: James Bond's Representation of Modern Masculinity

Religion, Borders, and Masculinity as Themes in Graham Greene’s The Honorary Consul

Doryann Barnhardt

Jim Dorton

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Mentor: Frank Gregory

Under Elizabeth I, England truely became a Protestant nation. While her half-brother Edward was the first Protestant King of England, he was too young to rule and died at 15. Henry VIII had set the stage, but Elizabeth was the one who made it offficial. There are many books about Elizabeth's life. All of them refer to the Elizabethan Religious Settlement. This was the act that changed England from a Catholic nation to a Protestant nation. Under it, prayer books and sermons would be in English instead of Latin, religious men in England were no longer beholden to the Pope,and Elizabeth was givien a new title: Supreme Governor of the Church of England. All future British monarchs held this title. The Settlement faced serious opposition from England's Catholics; this would eventually lead to Mary, Queen of Scots' exectuion and the Spanish Armada.

Mentor: Susanne Fox

Thurgood Marshall and Earl Warren not only represented the better qualities of the common man, but they stood out among great men. While pursuing lives in public service, they promised to put the rights of the people the represented before all else. Some of the decisions that they made were unpopular and yet they stood behind them in the full belief that they were upholding the law and the Constitution. Their lives were great on their own, yet one cannot properly discuss one without the other. The activist Marshall argued case after case in front of the stately Warren and then he sat next to him on the Court until Warren’s retirement from the Court in 1969. The individual contributions of Marshall and Warren, along with their combined efforts did more for the rights of the American citizens than 200 years of politicians had. They were synonymous with justice and equality and they sought to extend the rights guaranteed by the Constitution. This presentation will outline the lives of two of the most influential legal authorities in our nation’s history and explain why the lives of men like Thurgood Marshall and Earl Warren should be taught to young Americans. Powell’s accomplishments also transcend generations. From his humble background in Harlem, he rose to heights never before reached by an African-American. Powell participated in the ROTC program, received a commission, and entered the Army as a Second Lieutenant. He excelled throughout his military career and earned praise from commanding officers. As an African-American man in the 1960’s, Powell worked hard to dispel minority stereotypes and took advantage of every opportunity to succeed. Neil Armstrong and Colin Powell came from humble beginnings to accomplish impressive firsts in history. Neil Armstrong was a naval aviator in the Korean Conflict, test pilot for the NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics), the predecessor to NASA. .His tenacity in the space program propelled him to his assignment as commander of Apollo 11, the first mission to land on the moon. As commander, he walked on the moon before any other man.This great feat captured the attention of every generation.

Queen Elizabeth and Protestant England

American Heroes: Thurgood Marshall, Earl Warren, Colin Powell, and Neil Armstrong

Alexander Lopuchin

Alfonso Torres & Robin Spangenberg

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Mentors: Susanne Fox & Jessica James

The purpose of this presentation is to tell the story of Tupperware’s impact on the role of women, particularly in the 1950s. Though it was first sold in department stores, Tupperware reached American housewives through the home party system. This system of selling allowed women to obtain financial freedom separate from their husband’s income, feel a sense of accomplishment while interacting with their peers, and did not hinder their domesticity. Without Tupperware, the 1950’s housewife would have been subject to spoilage. Tupperware enabled women to venture out of their suburban jail cell into the world of business and opportunity all without neglecting their domestic responsibilities. The popularity of Tupperware is evidenced by the fact that at least ninety percent of all American homes own at least one piece of Tupperware. The product has become a pop icon as well as a household name and continues to be a lucrative business opportunity for women, and men, alike.

Mentors: Susanne Fox & Frank Gregory

The presentation will be a comparison on American culture expressed through the biographies of Carolyn Jessop, a former Polygamist, and Colton Simpson, a previous gang member of the Crips. The presentation will consist of ten dominant characteristics that define American culture. While it is apparent that both Jessop and Simpson come from very different backgrounds, lifestyles, and beliefs, which stray not only from each other but sometimes from mainstream American culture, they still manage to not only embody similar characteristics of each other, but of the rest of American culture as well. America is predominantly characterized by tradition, family, diversity/identity, prejudice, corruption, violence, ambition, materialistic pride, ethnocentrism, and ultimately, freedom. It is freedom in which America was founded and through the lives of these two Americans, it is proven that freedom can still be achieved.

I Am W oman, Hear Me Burp: The Influence of Tupperware on Women in the 1950s

American Culture and Counterculture Defined by Colton Simpson and Carolyn Jessop

Lauren Powell

Victoria Hall & Tiffany Furtak

25

MentorsBruce Allison

Jack Barnhardt Keka Biswas

Kraiwinee (Nok) Bunyaratavej Susan Cooper

Angela D'Antonio Malcolm D'Souza Jonathan Emmons

Sue Fox Jeff Gibson

Frank Gregory Tery Griffin

Kathleen Jacobs Jessica James

Bill Kroen David Laganella Lynn Lofthouse Mary Ann Lush

Jeff MaskJoe Mullan

Beth Siemanowski Charlene Stephens

Alban Urbanas Derald Wentzien

Scholars Day CommitteeJack Barnhardt

Keka BiswasKraiwinee (Nok) Bunyaratavej

Linda De RocheFrank FiedlerTery Griffin

AssessorsBarb Abbott Randy Clack

Jill Cole Lynn Everett Julie Fisher

Jessica JamesMarilyn Johnson Mary Ann Lush

Jeff Mask Joe Nadel

Saharat (Oak) Pongsree

Special ThanksWayne McDermott

Deborah StuckPatricia Dwyer

Amberlyn Oldham and the SGA