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Dr. Gregory E. ThorntonCEO, Baltimore City Public Schools
School Police Overview
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Presentation to the Baltimore City Board of School Commissioners
Operations Committee
February 16, 2016
Karl E. Perry, Chief School Supports Officer
Marshall T. Goodwin, Chief of School Police
Mission of Baltimore City School Police
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The Baltimore City School Police Force ensures that students and staff have a safe environment in which to learn and teach, in order to provide the level of safety necessary so that students can achieve at their maximum potential. The district's police force partners and develops relationships with stakeholders around the city.
Role of School Police Officers
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• The primary responsibility of school police officers is to enforce all criminal laws, as well as school policies and procedures regarding the appropriate conduct of people on school property (Conoly, J. & Goldstein, N., 2004)
• Additional leadership opportunities include:• Mentor students
• Coach middle and high school teams
• Tutor students
• Provide resources to community members
• Facilitate conflict resolution sessions
Historical Nationwide Challenges
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• There were 45 school associated violent deaths in the U.S. from July 1, 2011-June 30, 2012
• In 2013, among students aged 12-18, there were 1,420,900 non-fatal victimizations in U.S. schools
• Ten percent of elementary school teachers and 9 percent of secondary teachers reported being threatened in U.S. classrooms from 2011-2012.
Data source: Robers, S., Zhang, A., Morgan, R.E., and Musu-Gillette, L. (2015). Indicators of School Crime and
Safety: 2014 (NCES 2015-072/NCJ 248036). National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education,
and Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Washington, DC.
Local Context
• 22 juvenile homicides in Baltimore City in 2015
• In 2016, Baltimore was ranked 19th most violent city in the world
• Data indicate that 60% of Baltimore City Public School campuses had at least one homicide (all weapons) or non-fatal shooting within 1/8 of a mile of the school
• 87 schools experienced at least one shooting within their immediate vicinity
• Three elementary schools had 7 victims each within 1/8 of a mile of the school
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Data sources: Bidgood, Jess. (2016) The Numbers Behind Baltimore's Record Year in Homicides, Baltimore Sun;
Rosen, A., Bender, J., & Macias, A. (2016) The 50 most violent cities in the world, Business Insider Inc.; Open
Baltimore (2014), School campuses from Baltimore City Planning Department
Data TrendsSchool-Based Yearly Arrests
478 489
267
59
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
SY 12-13 SY 13-14 SY 14-15 SY 15-16 YTD
Data as of 1-11-16
SY 12-13
SY 13-14
SY 14-15
SY 15-16 YTD
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Disaggregation of Arrests SY 15-16 YTD
17- assault and robbery
10- aggravated assault
8- assault on police
8- common assault
5- disorderly conduct
3- unarmed robbery
1- arson
1- attempted murder
1- breaking and entering
1- CDS^ with intent
1- deadly weapon
1- extortion
1- handgun violation
1- hindering
1- possession with intent
1- strong armed robbery
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^CDS – Controlled Dangerous Substance
Data TrendsYearly Diversion/Referral
288
188
278
236
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
SY 12-13 SY 13-14 SY 14-15 SY 15-16 YTD
Data as of 1-11-16
SY 12-13
SY 13-14
SY 14-15
SY 15-16 YTD
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Community Conversations
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• Baltimore City Schools convened seven (7) community conversations throughout the month of July 2015. Topics included:
• Community Policing
• Community Relations
• Officer Training
• Policy
Feedback from Community Conversations
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Feedback was split on:
• Support of new deployment plan
• Having officers being lawfully able to carry their service weapon on school property without restrictions
Additional Feedback:
• Establish School Safety Advisory Teams – completed
• Ensure completion of Maryland Police Training Commission (MPTC) mandatory annual in-service training – completed
• Review of departmental general orders with a emphasis on student voice – in progress
School Police Partnerships
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• Inner Harbor Project
• Casa de Maryland
• State’s Attorneys Office
• Baltimore City Police Department
• Maryland Transportation Authority Police
• Department of Juvenile Services
• Mediation in Mission Peace Education
• Community Mediation
• Teen Court
• Mayor’s Office of Criminal Justice and Emergency Management
• Behavioral Health Systems Baltimore
Maryland Center for School SafetyAssessment Process
The Maryland Center for School Safety (MCSS) interviewed law enforcement executives and educational practitioners. Additionally, interviews were conducted internally with School Police Supervisory Teams and Officers.
MCSS conducted several interviews out-of-state with School Police Force Leaders.
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Operational Assessment Report:Select Findings by MCSS
• Benchmarking with other school police departments to include site meetings
• MCSS benchmarked several school police departments throughout the country to review their school operations in order to glean any best practices
• Miami-Dade School Police Force, Clark County School Police Force, Palm Beach School Police
• Review highlighted suggestions for professional growth and development aspects to increase the effectiveness of the School Police department
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City Population SchoolPopulation
School PoliceBudget
School Police Deployment
Total Staffing
Baltimore
MD
622,104 84,000 8,659,908
FY17 TBD
Assigned to
multiple zones
140
Cleveland
OH
390,113 41,000 12,766,034 Assigned to
areas
120
Atlanta
GA
447,847 54,956 6,785,032 Assigned to
multiple campuses95
Philadelphia
PA
1,550,000 131,362 16,530,362 School Based
Multiple/High
357
Detroit
MI
688,701 66,000 9,352,067 Assigned to
multiple campuses398
Austin
TX
855,400 112,500 9,804,053 School Based
Middle/High
285
Pittsburgh
PA
306,041 26,041 4,459,432 Assigned to
multiple campuses158
COMPARISONS
Operational Assessment Report:Select Findings by MCSS (con’t)
• The collective viewpoint of Baltimore City School Police Force officers and school administrators is that they were challenged with the new deployment plan as it was not very effective in building relationships
• There was a general consensus that the organizational structure of the school police force appears to be working
• It should be noted that under the current state law the Baltimore City School Police Force is the only law enforcement agency in the country that is precluded from having a firearm on their person as part of their official departmental issued equipment while assigned as a school-based police officer
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Operations Assessment Report:Select Recommendations by MCSS
• Develop new evaluation tool for performance and outcome measures – in progress
• Schedule meeting time for officers and Principals to discuss current and proactive issues – ongoing
• Deployment plan must incorporate relationship building strategies and positive engagement for all grade levels –in progress
• Develop a hybrid model of staffing combining school police officers with properly trained school system civilian security staff – under review
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District Recommendations
• Work with MCSS to review possible deployments, including multi-campus, single site, and alternative options
• Deployment will be based on data on prevailing challenges, daily needs and opportunities effective practices, input from stakeholders, and community resources
• Review policy and general order recommendations
• Continue to focus on diversions over arrests
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Next Steps
• Continue to focus on culture and climate
• Secure national certification for all School Police Officers and administrators sponsored by the National Association of School Resource Officers
• Maintain the ongoing open collaboration with both the Student and Community School Safety Advisories
• Continue to seek input from community partners and stakeholders
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Comments or Questions?
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Karl E. Perry
Chief School Supports Officer
Marshall T. Goodwin
Chief of School Police
Board Of School CommissionersMarnell Cooper, Chair
Tina Hike-Hubbard, Vice-Chair
Lisa Akchin
Muriel Berkeley
Cheryl Casciani
Linda Chinnia
Andrew “Andy” Frank
Martha James-Hassan
Peter Kannam
Jonathan Townes, Student Commissioner
A.J. Bellido de Luna, Board Executive Officer
Senior Management TeamGregory Thornton, Chief Executive Officer
Naomi Gubernick, Chief of Staff
Linda Chen, Chief Academic Officer
Theresa Jones, Chief Achievement and Accountability Officer
Donald Kennedy, Sr., Chief Financial Officer
Karl Perry, Sr., Chief School Supports Officer
Keith Scroggins, Chief Operations Officer
Deborah Sullivan, Interim Chief Human Capital Officer
Kenneth Thompson, Chief Technology Officer
Tammy Turner, Chief Legal Officer
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