Science Journey Session #3

Simple MachinesHow can you move that?

Lynne M. BaileyCSD 9 Title IIB STEM Grant

lbaile04@nyit.edu

Agenda

• Paperwork• Introduction

• Protocols• Online learning style test• Objectives• Pre-test

• Work & Machines

• Activities• Analyzing devices• Build a Catapult• Exploring online activities

and resources• Post-test• Reflection and classroom

application• Share-out

Introductions

• Paperwork done?• How do you learn?

http://www.educationplanner.com/• Hurricane preparedness week is the last week in May.• EQ preparedness quiz online at

http://www.tvfr.com/ click on “April is Earthquake Awareness Month” and click on quiz

• Protocols – leave no tracks!

What Do Machines Have To Do With Work?

What Is Work?

• Amount of energy transferred by a force• You are doing work when you use a force to cause

motion• Simply, when you cause something to move, that is

work • To measure the amount of work you do, multiply

the force times the distance the object moved.• Work= Force x Distance of object moved

What Are Machines?

• A machine is a device that does work

• Don’t increase the amount of work done, but make work easier

• How? By changing the force, the distance or the direction of the force

Simple Machines

• Inclined Plane (Ramp)• Lever• Wedge

• Wheel & Axle• Screw• Pulley

What Makes Them Simple?

• Requires the application of a SINGLE force to work

Let’s To the Video

• http://www.open-video.org/details.php?videoid=6216

Machine Stations

• Each group completes activity at one station• Share results later

• Use materials to construct the simple machine• Use group worksheet to record results

• Discuss ideas, predict results (hypothesis0, test (experiment), record findings, analyze results, and write conclusion

• How did this machine work?• How did it make work easier?

More Hints

• Lever: Move fulcrum and load

• Plane – Vary slope; compare to lifting without machine

• Wheel & axle – How far does it go?

• Screw – What is a screw made of? How can you make one with these materials?

• Wedge – How are cuts different, similar?

• Pulley – compare effort with and without

Edheads

• Simple machines on line• Go to www.edheads.org – click on Simple Machines

and complete activity• Use group worksheet to identify objects

Lever

• A bar that is free to move about a fixed point called a fulcrum• Group report• Three types

• First class lever – like a see-saw. One end will lift an object up just as far as the other end is pushed down

• Second class lever – like a wheel barrow. The long handles of a wheel barrow are really the long arms of a lever.

• Third class lever - like a fishing pole. When the pole is given a tug, one end stays still but the other end flips in the air catching the fish.

Let’s Investigate

• Website: Nova http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/egypt/raising/lever.html

• Hands-on • Materials: rulers, 5 pennies, worksheet

• Java required for this website: http://sunshine.chpc.utah.edu/javalabs/java12/machine/act1/lab2.htm

Little Video

• http://www.teachertube.com/view_video.php?viewkey=56ac902e14526e63081d

Inclined Plane

• http://weirdrichard.com/inclined.htm • What simple machines are inclined planes?• Group report

Inclined Plane Work Example• W (Fd)= F x D

Work = Your Effort Force = Object to be movedDistance = How far the object is moved

http://home.earthlink.net/~dmocarski/chapters/chapter5/ch5page.htm

100 x 12’ = 400 lb X 3 feet

• Energy is conserved: Work Input = Work Output

Wedge

• What wedges do we use all the time?• Group report

Screw

• What simpler machines make a screw?• What everyday machines use screws?• Group report• Online demo at

http://www.fi.edu/qa97/spotlight3/screwdemo.html • Archimedes screw at

http://www.cs.drexel.edu/~crorres/Archimedes/Screw/ScrewAnimation.html

Wheel & Axle

• Rolling along – how would we transport without them?

• Reduce resisting force by distributing it throughout the wheel or axle, and therefore make it easier to haul loads

• Group Report

Pulleys

• How Stuff Works: Block & Tackle (pulley)• http://science.howstuffworks.com/pulley.htm

• Are there pulleys in the room?• Group Report

Let’s Fling Some Marshmallows• Using the materials provided, construct a

catapult• Can you design and build one that hit a target?

Complex Machines

• Back to www.edhead.org; Go to complex machines and complete the activity

Let’s Try This

• Go to Inventors Toolbox at http://www.mos.org/sln/Leonardo/InventorsToolbox.html

• Review the different kinds of machines• Continue to the Gadget Anatomy web page and

complete the activity there• Group activity: Sketch your gadget!

What is it?

• http://www.mos.org/sln/Leonardo/LeosMysteriousMachinery.html

Rube Goldberg

Exploring Resources

• Web page at wikipsaces.com• Technoed.wikispaces.com (may be moved)• Check the blog, http://bronxdip.edublogs.org for

updates• What can you use in your classroom?• How can you apply this science thread in your

subject area?

Reflection and Share -out

• Written reflection of today’s workshopor

• Add a comment to the bloghttp://bronxdip.edublogs.org

Commercial Video

• Movie preview

Closing

• Questions• Post-test• Evaluations• Check the blog for these and more resources

Thanks for Coming!

Lynne M. BaileySTEM Trainer917.309.4361

lbaile04@nyit.edu