Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXIVassets.cambridge.org/97811074/06698/frontmatter/9781107406698… · * Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program, Used Fuel Disposition

Scientific Basis forNuclear Waste Management

XXXIV

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Cambridge University Press978-1-107-40669-8 - Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXIV: MaterialsResearch Society Symposium Proceedings: Volume 1265Editors: Katherine L. Smith, Karl R. Whittle, Scott Kroeker and Blas UberuagaFrontmatterMore information

http://www.cambridge.org/9781107406698

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MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETYSYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS VOLUME 1265

Scientific Basis forNuclear Waste Management

XXXIVSpring 2010, April 5-9, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.

EDITORS:

Katherine L. SmithEmbassy of Australia

Washington, D.C., U.S.A.

Karl R. WhittleAustralian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation

Menai, Australia

Scott KroekerUniversity of Manitoba

Winnipeg, Canada

Bias UberuagaLos Alamos National Laboratory

Los Alamos, New Mexico, U.S.A.

IMIRIS1Materials Research Society

Warrendale, Pennsylvania






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CONTENTS

Preface xi

Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings xii

REPOSITORIES AND NA TIONAL PROGRAMS

* Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program, Used FuelDisposition Campaign Objective, Mission, Plans, and ActivityStatus 3

Mark Nutt, Mark Peters, Peter Swift,Kevin McMahon, Ken Sorenson,and Patrick Schwab

Establishment of Uncertainty Ranges and ProbabilityDistributions of Actinide Solubilities for PerformanceAssessment in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant 15

Yongliang Xiong, Jim Nowak, Laurence H. Brush,Ahmed E. Ismail, and Jennifer Long

Uranium (VI) Solubility in Carbonate-Free ERDA-6 Brine 21Jean-Francois Lucchini, Hnin Khaing,and Donald T. Reed

* The Role of Actinides in a Performance Assessment of aNuclear Waste Repository. SKB's Supporting ActinideResearch 27

Lars Werme, Sergei Butorin, and Peter M. Oppeneer

Seismic Tomography Investigation in 140m Gallery in theHoronobe URL Project 39

Yutaka Sugita, Takahiro Nakamura,Hiroyuki Sanada, Takao Aizawa, and Shunichiro Ito

Geo-Descriptive Modeling of Water Conducting FeaturesCharacterized in Sedimentary Formations in Horonobe Areaof Japan 45

Koichiro Hatanaka, Doo-Hyun Lim, and Eiichi Ishii

*Invited Paper






SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL

Selective Radionuclide (Cs+, Sr2t, and Ni2+) Ion-Exchange byK2xMgxSn3.xS6 (x=0.5-0.95) (KMS-2) 53

Joshua L. Mertz, Emmanouil J. Manos,and Mercouri G. Kanatzidis

Cold Crucible Vitrification of U-Bearing SRS SB4 HLWSurrogate 59

S.V. Stefanovsky, A.G. Ptashkin, O.A. Knyazev,O.I. Stefanovsky, and J.C. Marra

Capture and Sequestration of Radioactive Iodine 65B.R. Westphal, D.G. Cummings, J.J. Giglio,D.L. Wahlquist, KJ. Bateman, W.M. McCartin,J.J. Park, J.M. Shin, and B.D. Begg

GLASS WASTEFORMS

* Structural Evolution of Nuclear Glasses under ForcingConditions (Irradiation, Alteration) 77

Georges Calas, Laurence Galoisy, Laurent Cormier,Jean-Marc Delaye, Patrick Jollivet,and Sylvain Peuget

Structural and Crystallization Study of a SimplifiedAluminoborosilicate Nuclear Glass Containing Rare-Earths:Effect of ZrO2 Concentration 89

Daniel Caurant, Arnaud Quintas, Odile Majerus,Pascal Loiseau, Thibault Charpentier, P. Vermaut,and Jean-Luc Dussossoy

Precipitation of Mixed-Alkali Molybdates During HLWVitrification 95

Scott Kroeker, Carolyn S. Higman,Vladimir K. Michaelis, Nicholas B. Svenda,and Sophie Schuller

Thermodynamic Modelling of the Pd-Te-Ru System forNuclear Waste Glasses Application 103

S. Gosse, S. Schuller, and C. Gueneau

*Invited Paper






The Effect of Increased Waste Loading on the Durability ofHigh Level Waste Glass 109

Chris Brookes, Mike Harrison, Andrew Riley,and Carl Steele

Effect of Molybdenum and Ruthenium on theCrystallization Tendency of a New Nuclear GlassContaining High Rare-Earth Concentration 115

N. Chouard, D. Caurant, O. Majerus,J-L. Dussossoy, A. Ledieu, S. Klimin,and D. Pytalev

Phase Composition and Elemental Distribution in the VitrifiedU-Bearing HLW Surrogate 121

S.V. Stefanovsky, B.S. Nikonov, B.I. Omelyanenko,and J.C. Marra

CEMENTITIOUS WASTEFORMS

Assessment of Concrete Cracking at Nuclear Waste DisposalFacilities via Fiber Optic Sensors. 129

Sanaan C. Lair, John C. Walton, Arturo Woocay,and Antonio Motta

New Lanthanide Oxalato-Nitrates Crystallized from AcidicSolutions 135

C. Tamain, M. Rivenet, B. Arab-Chapelet,S. Grandjean, and F. Abraham

JOINT SESSION: ACTINIDE CHEMISTRY

A First Principles Investigation of the Electronic Structure ofActinide Oxides 143

Leon Petit, Axel Svane, Zdzislawa Szotek,Walter Temmerman, and Malcolm Stocks

Characterization of the Penetration Mechanisms of Water intoPolycrystalline UO2 149

Ilaria Marchetti, Fabio Belloni, Jerome Himbert,Paul Carbol, and Thomas Fanghanel






JOINT SESSION: RADIATION EFFECTS IN WASTEFORMSAND CERAMICS

Ion Beam Irradiation of Lanthanum Compounds in the SeriesLa2O3-TiO2 157

Karl R. Whittle, Mark G. Blackford,Robert D. Aughterson, Katherine L. Smith,Gregory R. Lumpkin, and Nestor J. Zaluzec

Microstructural Modifications in Ion-IrradiatedNuclear Materials: Characteristic Features ofFluorite-Structured Oxides 163

A. Debelle, F. Garrido, and L. Thome

SOLUBILITY, CORROSION, AND MIGRATION

The Fate of Radiogenic Iodine During the ElectrochemicalTreatment of Spent EBR-II Fuel 171

S.M. Frank, D. Vaden, B.RWestphal, T.A. Johnson,P.A. Hahn, JJ. Giglio, D.G. Cummings, andM. Rodriquez

Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Acidic Nuclear WasteSeparation. 177

M. Kaur, H. Han, J. Kaczor, A. Johnson,A. Paszczynski, and Y. Qiang

Selective Radioactive Decontamination Employing DualStimuli Responsive N-Aza Crown Ether Containing PolymerHydrogels 185

Dario Deli, David J. Crouch, Kathleen Law,Stephen G. Yeates, and Francis Livens

Performance Indicators Quantifying the Contribution ofSafety Functions to the Confinement of Radionuclides in aGeological Repository System 191

Eef Weetjens, Jan Marivoet,and Suresh C. Seetharam

Deep Life and Gases in the Outokumpu Deep Borehole:Baseline Information for Nuclear Waste Disposal inCrystalline Rock 197

Lasse Ahonen, Ilmo Kukkonen, Tarn Toppi,Mari Nyyssonen, Malin Bomberg, Aura Nousiainen,and Merja Itavaara






Determination of Crevice Corrosion Susceptibility of Alloy 22Using Different Electrochemical Techniques 203

Mauricio Rincon Ortiz, Martin A. Rodriguez,Ricardo M. Carranza, and Raul B. Rebak

Biomineralization of Vivianite on Carbon Steel SurfaceAttacked by the Iron Reducing Bacteria 209

S. Lee, H. Yoshikawa, and T. Matsui

Immobilization and Long-term Evolution of Selenatein Portland Cement 215

Isabel Rojo, Mireia Grive, Miquel Rovira,Olga Riba, David Garcia, Cristina Domenech,and Joan de Pablo

Stability of Cs-Ionsiv in Portland Cement Blends forRadioactive Waste Disposal 221

Neil C. Hyatt, Andreas Jenni, and Martin C. Stennett

Migration Behavior of Alkali Earth Ions in CompactedBentonite with Iron Corrosion Product Using ElectrochemicalMethod 227

Kazuya Idemitsu, Daisuke Akiyama, Akira Eto,Yoshihiko Matsuki, Yaohiro Inagaki,and Tatsumi Arima

Influence of Operational Conditions on RetardationParameters Measured by Diffusion Experiment in CompactedBentonite 233

Yasuo Ishii, Yoshimi Seida, Yukio Tachi,and Hideki Yoshikawa

Migration Behavior of Multivalent Radionuclides from FullyRadioactive Waste Glass in Compacted Sodium Bentonite 239

Kenso Fujiwara, Kazuki Iijima, Seiichiro Mitsui,Makoto Odakura, Yukitoshi Kohara,and Hiroshi Kikuchi

Effect of Ionic Strength on the Stability of Colloids Releasedfrom Injection Grout Silica Sol 245

Pirkko Holtta, Mari Lahtinen, Martti Hakanen,Jukka Lehto, and Piia Juhola






Structure and Alteration Kinetics of Rare-Earth RichBorosilicate Glasses with (64 - 2x) SiO2 /18 B2O3 /18 Na2O /x RE2O3 Compositions (RE = Y or Eu & La) 251

Odile Majerus, Ning Li, Jean-Baptiste Beaudouin,Gabriela Manolescu, Daniel Caurant,Philippe Barboux, Thibault Charpentier,and Dominique de Ligny

Author Index 257

Subject Index 261






PREFACE

Symposium AA, "Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXIV," heldApril 5-9 at the 2010 MRS Spring Meeting in San Francisco, California, was a convivialand fruitful symposium in which researchers reported on a range of materials-relatedtopics associated with nuclear waste management. Highlighted topics of interest rangedfrom the lessons learned from the recent decision on the Yucca Mountain repository tofuture repository design within the U.S. and worldwide. The role of new waste forms andhow to process problematic waste were also discussed in both this symposium and injoint sessions with "Actinides V—Basic Science, Applications, and Technology" and"Materials for Nuclear Applications and Extreme Environments" (symposia Z and BB,respectively). Some of the excellent presentations from the Symposium are captured inthis volume.

The co-organizers/editors of the 34th Scientific Basis for Nuclear WasteManagement wish to acknowledge the help of Dr. Jonathan Icenhower (VSI Houston,Texas), who helped draft the original focus of the meeting, Katherine Davis (Embassy ofAustralia, Washington, D.C.), and the MRS Meeting staff, who provided expertadministrative support.

The co-organizers/editors also gratefully acknowledge the generous supportprovided by the symposium sponsors: ANSTO (Australian Nuclear Science andTechnology Organisation, Australia), the Los Alamos National Laboratory (U.S.), theCEA Nuclear Energy Division (France), and MRS.

Finally, we look forward to the 35th symposium in this series, which will be held inBuenos Aires, Argentina in 2011.

Kath SmithKarl WhittleScott KroekerBias Uberuaga

September 2010






MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS

Volume 1245 — Amorphous and Polycrystalline Thin-Film Silicon Science and Technology—2010,Q. Wang, B. Yan, C.C. Tsai, S. Higashi, A. Flewitt, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-222-0

Volume 1246 — Silicon Carbide 2010—Materials, Processing and Devices, S.E. Saddow, E.K. Sanchez,F. Zhao, M. Dudley, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-223-7

Volume 1247E —Solution Processing of Inorganic and Hybrid Materials for Electronics and Photonics,2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-224-4

Volume 1248E —Plasmonic Materials and Metamaterials, J.A. Dionne, L.A. Sweatlock, G. Shvets, L.P. Lee,2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-225-1

Volume 1249 — Advanced Interconnects and Chemical Mechanical Planarization for Micro- andNanoelectronics, J.W. Bartha, C.L. Borst, D. DeNardis, H. Kim, A. Naeemi, A. Nelson,S.S. Papa Rao, H.W. Ro, D. Toma, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-226-8

Volume 1250 — Materials and Physics for Nonvolatile Memories II, C. Bonafos, Y. Fujisaki, P. Dimitrakis,E. Tokumitsu, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-227-5

Volume 125IE —Phase-Change Materials for Memory and Reconfigurable Electronics Applications,P. Fons, K. Campbell, B. Cheong, S. Raoux, M. Wuttig, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-228-2

Volume 1252— Materials and Devices for End-of-Roadmap and Beyond CMOS Scaling, A.C. Kummel,P. Majhi, I. Thayne, H. Watanabe, S. Ramanathan, S. Guha, J. Mannhart, 2010,ISBN 978-1-60511-229-9

Volume 1253 — Functional Materials and Nanostructures for Chemical and Biochemical Sensing, E. Comini,P. Gouma, G. Malliaras, L. Torsi, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-230-5

Volume 1254E —Recent Advances and New Discoveries in High-Temperature Superconductivity, S.H. Wee,V. Selvamanickam, Q. Jia, H. Hosono, H-H. Wen, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-231-2

Volume 1255E —Structure-Function Relations at Perovskite Surfaces and Interfaces, A.P. Baddorf,U. Diebold, D. Hesse, A. Rappe, N. Shibata, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-232-9

Volume 1256E —Functional Oxide Nanostructures and Heterostructures, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-233-6Volume 1257 — Multifunctional Nanoparticle Systems—Coupled Behavior and Applications, Y. Bao,

A.M. Dattelbaum, J.B. Tracy, Y. Yin, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-234-3Volume 1258 — Low-Dimensional Functional Nanostructures—Fabrication, Characterization and

Applications, H. Riel, W. Lee, M. Zacharias, M. McAlpine, T. Mayer, H. Fan, M. Knez,S. Wong, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-235-0

Volume 1259E —Graphene Materials and Devices, M. Chhowalla, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-236-7Volume 1260 — Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics from Nanoparticles, M. Winterer, W.L. Gladfelter, D.R.

Gamelin, S. Oda, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-237-4Volume 126IE —Scanning Probe Microscopy—Frontiers in NanoBio Science, C. Durkan, 2010,

ISBN 978-1-60511-238-1Volume 1262 — In-Situ and Operando Probing of Energy Materials at Multiscale Down to Single Atomic

Column—The Power of X-Rays, Neutrons and Electron Microscopy, CM. Wang,N. de Jonge, R.E. Dunin-Borkowski, A. Braun, J-H. Guo, H. Schober, R.E. Winans, 2010,ISBN 978-1-60511-239-8

Volume 1263E —Computational Approaches to Materials for Energy, K. Kim, M. van Shilfgaarde, V. Ozolins,G. Ceder, V. Tomar, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-240-4

Volume 1264 — Basic Actinide Science and Materials for Nuclear Applications, J.K. Gibson, S.K. McCall,E.D. Bauer, L. Soderholm, T. Fanghaenel, R. Devanathan, A. Misra, C. Trautmann,B.D. Wirth, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-241-1

Volume 1265 — Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXIV, K.L. Smith, S. Kroeker,B. Uberuaga, K.R. Whittle, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-242-8

Volume 1266E —Solid-State Batteries, S-H. Lee, A. Hayashi, N. Dudney, K. Takada, 2010,ISBN 978-1-60511-243-5

Volume 1267 — Thermoelectric Materials 2010—Growth, Properties, Novel Characterization Methods andApplications, H.L. Tuller, J.D. Baniecki, GJ. Snyder, J.A. Malen, 2010,ISBN 978-1-60511-244-2

Volume 1268 — Defects in Inorganic Photovoltaic Materials, D. Friedman, M. Stavola, W. Walukiewicz,S. Zhang, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-245-9

Volume 1269E —Polymer Materials and Membranes for Energy Devices, A.M. Herring, J.B. Kerr,S.J. Hamrock, T.A. Zawodzinski, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-246-6






MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS

Volume 1270 — Organic Photovoltaics and Related Electronics—From Excitons to Devices,V.R. Bommisetty, N.S. Sariciftci, K. Narayan, G. Rumbles, P. Peumans, J. van de Lagemaat,G. Dennler, S.E. Shaheen, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-247-3

Volume 127IE —Stretchable Electronics and Conformal Biointerfaces, S.P. Lacour, S. Bauer, J. Rogers,B. Morrison, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-248-0

Volume 1272 — Integrated Miniaturized Materials—From Self-Assembly to Device Integration,CJ. Martinez, J. Cabral, A. Fernandez-Nieves, S. Grego, A. Goyal, Q. Lin, J.J. Urban,J.J. Watkins, A. Saiani, R. Callens, J.H. Collier, A. Donald, W. Murphy, D.H. Gracias,B.A. Grzybowski, P.W.K. Rothemund, O.G. Schmidt, R.R. Naik, P.B. Messersmith,M.M. Stevens, R.V. Ulijn, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-249-7

Volume 1273E —Evaporative Self Assembly of Polymers, Nanoparticles and DNA, B.A. Korgel, 2010,ISBN 978-1-60511-250-3

Volume 1274 — Biological Materials and Structures in Physiologically Extreme Conditions and Disease,MX Buehler, D. Kaplan, C.T. Lim, J. Spatz, 2010, ISBN 978-1-60511-251-0

Prior Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings available by contacting Materials Research Society






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Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXXIVassets.cambridge.org/97811074/06698/frontmatter/9781107406698… · * Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program, Used Fuel Disposition