Objective of Scientific Objective of Scientific managementmanagement

Setting up a sound system of Setting up a sound system of wage payment so as to attain wage payment so as to attain

maximum efficiency.maximum efficiency.Ensuring a regular supply of Ensuring a regular supply of

goods to consumers at goods to consumers at reasonable prices.reasonable prices.

Components of scientific Components of scientific managementmanagement

Separation of planning from doing. Functional foremanship:- In this system eight persons -1) route

clerk, 2) instruction card clerk 3) time and cost clerk 4) disciplinarian are related with planning function. Four other 1) speed boss 2)inspector 3)maintenance foreman 4)gang boss are concerned with operating function.

• Determining “fair days work” and one best way of doing it.

• Differential piece work system of wage payment

• Bilateral mental revolution.

Principles of scientific managementPrinciples of scientific management

• Work study• Standardisation of tools and equipment.• Scientific selection, placement and

training.• Development of functional foremanship.• Introducing costing system :- To calculate cost per unit and total cost of

production.

• To present costs for cost reduction and cost control.

• To enable estimation of cost and preparation of budgets.

• To increase efficiency and reduce wastages.

• To help channelise production on right lines.

Mental Revolution.

Behavioural approachBehavioural approach

• Behavioural science is an interdisplinery approach and integrates the knowledge drawn from different disciplines ( sociology, psychology, anthropology, political science, economic and history) for the study of human behaviour.

• It is an applied science with an objective to apply various researches to solve the organisational problems.

• It is a normative approach which not only suggest cause and effect relationship but also

Prescribes ways and means to solve organisational problems and effect results.

It focus is attention on people from humanistic point of view.

It is goal oriented. It adopts system approach which takes into

account all the factors effecting organisational behaviour.

Keith Davis & Rensis Likert,Maslow,Herzberg

Human Relation ApproachHuman Relation Approach

The work Environment The leader

The work groupThe individual

Features of human relation Features of human relation approachapproach

• Social system• Social Environment• Informal organisation• Group Dynamics• Leadership • Communication• Role of money• conflict

Theory criticized on following pointsTheory criticized on following points

• Unscientific• Anti – individualistic• Short – sighted• Over concern with happiness• Negative view of conflict