Scientific Revolution

A Shift in Way of Thinking

Before Sci Rev

• ______________ Theory: ________ is at

the center of the universe.

– Problem: Impossible to accurately

predict planet’s __________ in the sky

– Solution: __________; planets made

loopy-loops while orbiting the Earth

Copernicus

• Believed nature was _____ and __________

– _________ were to messy/disorganized

• Rediscovered Aristarchus’ theory of

____________ ( _____ at center of universe)

– Eliminates most of the epicycles

• Waits until on his _________ to publish his

theory

Galileo

• Used improved _________ to study moon

– Proved it was not ____ and ________, but __________ and

had _________ and ______.

• Heavens aren’t perfect

• Supported Copernicus’ theory

– Proved moons orbited __________

• Not everything orbits the Earth

– Phases of Venus proves Venus travels around the ___

not Earth

Galileo Controversy• Afraid to publish his findings

– Eventually does

• _______ tells him it close to heresy

– Allows him to continue his study if he publishes it as _________

• Publishes “The __________”

– 3characters discussing

• 1- ___________ supporter

• 1- ___________ supporter

• 1- Neutral

– ___________ supporter was made to look like an idiot

• Galileo is sentenced to ______ ________ for the rest of his life

– Forced to ______

Tycho Brahe• ____-___________ theory

– All planets revolve around sun, except _______

– The ____ still revolves around the earth with all

planets

Johannes Kepler• Three Laws of Planetary Motion

– 1. Planets travel in _________ patterns (not ________)

– 2. Planets travel at different ________ during orbit

• ________ when closer to sun because of _________ _______

– 3. *Too technical* allows for calculation of how long a planet

takes to travel around the sun

• Suspected something was attaching the planets to the sun

– ________ would discover what it is

Isaac Newton

• ________ and ________ keep planets on orbit

• 3 Laws of Motion:

– 1. Every object in motion will stay in motion

unless acted on by an ________ ______& visa versa

– 2. ______= Mass X Acceleration

– 3. Every action has an ______ and _________

reaction

Francis Bacon

• Supported __________ reasoning

– Collecting observations and forming ___________ based

on those observations.

• Example: Hamburgers have a lot of calories and if I eat too

many calories my body will get fat. Therefore if I eat too

many hamburgers then I will get fat.

• Inductive reasoning can be proven wrong

– Example: When it is raining outside, the street is wet.

The street is wet, so it must be raining.

Rene Descartes

• Famous for his “_________________” statement

– Means he exists because he can think

• Supported __________ reasoning

– Using ______ to discover causes to those facts or

to gather new facts.

• Example: Eating hamburgers everyday makes me gain

weight. Consuming excess calories can make me gain

weight. Hamburgers must have excess calories.

Scientific Method

• Combines inductive and deductive

reasoning

– Create a ________

–Make a _________ (inductive)

– Test that hypothesis

– Form a _________ (deductive)

Significance?• Why do science developments matter in

terms of history?

• What do all of these scientist discoveries have

in common?

– They _________ previous long-believed “______”

– They showed that there were ____ and _____ to

nature

• How will this impact how people think about

other areas of life as well?

• http://www.polaris.iastate.edu/Evenin

gStar/Unit2/unit2_sub1.

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• http://www.singaporesaga.blogspot.k

r/2011/08/bike-

crash.html