SCOPE OF PRESENTATION I. What is a Disaster ? According to RA 10121, a "Disaster" is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society

SCOPE OF PRESENTATIONSCOPE OF PRESENTATION

I. What is a Disaster ?• According to RA 10121, a "Disaster" is a serious

disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources

• Disasters result from the combination of: the exposure to a hazard; the conditions of vulnerability that are present; and insufficient capacity or measures to reduce or cope with the potential negative consequences

II. PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK PROFILE• Situated along the Eurasian and Pacific

plates.• 300 volcanoes, 22 as active, 27 are

potentially active with three volcanoes constantly monitored recently. (Mt. Mayon, Taal and Bulusan)

• Extensive fault lines generate an average of 20 quakes per day, mostly minor ones.

• Located in the typhoon belt, the Philippines Average of 18-22 typhoons a year almost half of which is destructive.

•vulnerable rural areas where houses are light structured and not able to withstand the effects of these weather disturbances. •Its 289 kms. of coastline is exposed to possible storm surges, tsunami, and sea level rise.

DISASTER RISK PROFILE (cont…)

• Flooding is a perennial problem due to:• unplanned and unregulated

development ventures (housing and other industries e.g fish ponds, mining)

• informal settlers living in waterways and houses on river banks;

•denuded forest due to illegal logging;•eroded soil; •poor waste management; •problematic protocols in the release of waters in major dams•the impacts of climate change is also causing unpredictable behaviours of typhoons and its effects•The effects of El Niño and La Niña can cause inundations, landslides and drought which affects food security and energy


• The country’s vulnerability to natural hazards alone cost the Philippine Government an average of Php 15 billion annually in direct damages or more than 0.5% of the country’s GNP

• Aside from these direct impacts, disasters have also derailed social and economic development since funds are reallocated from on-going programs to finance relief and reconstruction assistance


• The Philippines’ Risk Profile for Natural Disaster is also reflected in the 2009 Global Assessment Report prepared by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)


• According to the World Risk Index 2011, the Philippines places third out of 173 countries ranked according to their “risk score” or their exposure to hazards


• Vulnerability to Climate Change :– Current climate change trends exhibited increasing temperatures.

mean temperature increased 0.57°C and average of 0.01°C per year-increase from 1971-2000

– Climate Projections from PAGASA


With global warming, more intense typhoons are likely, but changes in frequency are uncertain - PAGASA


Future Changes on Extreme Events based on Climate Change Scenarios provided by PAGASA:

Using A1B (balanced) and A2 (Regionally oriented economic development and slower and more fragmented technological changes and improvements) scenarios:

1.It is very likely that hot temperature and heavy precipitation will continue to become more frequent in the future.2.Number of days with maximum temperature > 35 degree Celsius is expected to increase in all parts of the country in 2020 and 20503.Extreme rainfall is expected to increase in Luzon and Visayas in 2020 and 2050.


• Perceived Impact of Climate Change: (NCCAP)

– The Philippines ranks 6th out of 16 countries extremely vulnerable to climate change based on Climate Change Vulnerability Index 2010

– The Philippines relies on its agricultural economy for food security which makes up 18% of GDP

– One out of five (or 15.73 million) Filipino has no access to

safe drinking water


• Perceived Impact of Climate Change:

– Climate projections by 2020 and 2050 would impact domestic water supply, irrigation, hydropower generation, recharge of aquifers, water quality, watersheds and fishery, and even flood control operations

– Climate change is expected to further aggravate the present condition of the Philippine ecosystem

– Human security is threatened

– Disaster risks are increasing, due to increasing intensity and frequency of hydro-meteorological hazards (brought about by climate change); and the increasing value of exposed elements due to development and demographic expansion.

• The Philippines was first in Asia to have enacted its own law on disaster risk reduction and management through Republic Act No. 10121 or The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Act of 2010

• This law provided for the Paradigm Shift from Disaster Relief and Response towards Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM)

III. PHILIPPINE DRRM SYSTEMIII. PHILIPPINE DRRM SYSTEM

RA 10121: PROGRESS OF IMPLEMENTATIONRA 10121: PROGRESS OF IMPLEMENTATION

NDRRMC ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURENDRRMC ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

The DRRM Act of 2010 created the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) in place of the former National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC) as the highest policy-making regarding disaster risk reduction and management of the country. It likewise advises the President the status of disaster preparedness, prevention, mitigation, response and rehabilitation undertaken.

The NDRRMC Logo

NDRRMC’s POWERS AND FUNCTIONSNDRRMC’s POWERS AND FUNCTIONS

DRRMCs NETWORKDRRMCs NETWORK

LDRRMC MEMBERSHIPThe Local Chief Executives, Chairperson;•The Local Planning and Development Officer,•The Head of the LDRRMO,•The Head of the Local Social Welfare and Development Office,•The Head of the Local Health Office,•The Head of the Local Agriculture Office,•The Head of the Gender and Development Office,•The Head of the Local Engineering Office,•The Head of the Local Veterinary Office,•The Head of the Local Budget Office,•The Division Head/Superintendent of Schools of the DepED,•The highest-ranking officer of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) assigned in the area,•The Provincial Director/City/Municipal Chief of the Philippine National Police (PNP),•The Provincial Director/City/ Municipal Fire Marshall of the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP),•The President of the Association of Barangay Captains (ABC),•The Philippine National Red Cross (PNRC),•Four (4) accredited CSOs,•One (1) private sector representative,

LDRRMC FUNCTIONS

• Approve, monitor and evaluate the implementation of the LDRRMPs and regularly review and test the plan consistent with other national and local planning programs;

• Ensure the integration of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation into local development plans, programs and budgets as a strategy in sustainable development and poverty reduction;

• Recommend the implementation of forced or pre-emptive evacuation of local residents, if necessary; and

• Convene the local council once every three (3) months or as necessary.

• Establish LDRRMO in every province, city and municipality, and a Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Committee (BDRRMC) in every barangay which shall be responsible for setting the direction, development, implementation and coordination of disaster risk management programs within their territorial jurisdiction.

• The LDRRMO shall be under the office of the governor, city or municipal mayor, and the punong barangay in case of the BDRRMC. The LDRRMOs shall be initially organized and composed of a DRRMO to be assisted by three (3) staff responsible for: (1) administration and training; (2) research and planning; and (3) operations and warning. The LDRRMOs and the BDRRMCs shall organize, train and directly supervise the local emergency response teams and the ACDVs.

LOCAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT OFFICE (LDRRMO)

FUNCTIONS OF LDRRMO AND BDRRMC

• Design, program, and coordinate disaster risk reduction and management activities consistent with the National Council's standards and guidelines;

• (2) Facilitate and support risk assessments and contingency planning activities at the local level;• (3) Consolidate local disaster risk information which includes natural hazards, vulnerabilities, and climate change risks, and maintain a local risk

map;• (4) Organize and conduct training, orientation, and knowledge management activities on disaster risk reduction and management at the local

level;• (5) Operate a multi-hazard early warning system, linked to disaster risk reduction to provide accurate and timely advice to national or local

emergency response organizations and to the general public, through diverse mass media, particularly radio, landline communications, and technologies for communication within rural communities;

• (6) Formulate and implement a comprehensive and - integrated LDRRMP in accordance with the national, regional and provincial framework, and policies on disaster risk reduction in close coordination with the local development councils (LDCs);

• (7) Prepare and submit to the local sanggunian through the LDRRMC and the LDC the annual LDRRMO Plan and budget, the proposed programming of the LDRRMF, other dedicated disaster risk reduction and management resources, and other regular funding source/s and budgetary support of the LDRRMO/BDRRMC;

• (8) Conduct continuous disaster monitoring and mobilize instrumentalities and entities of the LGUs, CSOs, private groups and organized volunteers, to utilize their facilities and resources for the protection and preservation of life and properties during emergencies in accordance with existing policies and procedures;

• (9) Identify, assess and manage the hazards vulnerabilities and risks that may occur in their locality;• (10) Disseminate information and raise public awareness about those hazards. vulnerabilities and risks, their nature, effects, early warning signs

and counter-measures;• (11) Identify and implement cost-effective risk reduction measures/strategies;• (12) Maintain a database of human resource, equipment, directories, and location of critical infrastructures and their capacities such as hospitals

and evacuation centers;• (13) Develop, strengthen and operationalize mechanisms for partnership or networking with the private sector, CSOs, and volunteer groups;

• (14) Take all necessary steps on a continuing basis to maintain, provide, or arrange the provision of, or to otherwise make available, suitably-trained and competent personnel for effective civil defense and disaster risk reduction and management in its area;

• (15) Organize, train, equip and supervise the local emergency response teams and the ACDV s, ensuring that humanitarian aid workers are equipped with basic skills to assist mothers to breastfeed;

• (16) Respond to and manage the adverse effects of emergencies and carry out recovery activities in the affected area, ensuring that there is an efficient mechanism for immediate delivery of food, shelter and medical supplies for women and children, endeavor to create a special place where internally-displaced mothers can find help with breastfeeding, feed and care for their babies and give support to each other;

• (17) Within its area, promote and raise public awareness of and compliance with this Act and legislative provisions relevant to the purpose of this Act;

• (18) Serve as the secretariat and executive arm of the LDRRMC;• (19) Coordinate other disaster risk reduction and management activities;• (20) Establish linkage/network with other LGUs for disaster risk reduction and emergency response purposes;• (21) Recommend through the LDRRMC the enactment of local ordinances consistent with the requirements of this Act;• (22) Implement policies, approved plans and programs of the LDRRMC consistent with the policies and guidelines laid

down in this Act;• (23) Establish a Provincial/City/Municipal/Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Operations Center;• (24) Prepare and submit, through the LDRRMC and the LDC, the report on the utilization of the LDRRMF and other

dedicated disaster risk reduction and management resources to the local Commission on Audit (COA), copy furnished the regional director of the OCD and the Local Government Operations Officer of the DILG; and

• (25) Act on other matters that may be authorized by the LDRRMC.

NDRRM FRAMEWORKNDRRM FRAMEWORK

NDRRM FRAMEWORKNDRRM FRAMEWORK

THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN 2011-2028 THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN 2011-2028

• RA 10121 mandates the implementation of a comprehensive National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP) containing the following:

– Identification of hazards, vulnerabilities, and risks to be managed at the national level

– The accomplishment from the Strategic National Action Plan (SNAP) for DRR is used as baseline and take-off point

– It will provide detail on programs and projects to be pursued, timelines to be met, lead agencies and groups who will have the responsibility, as well as the resources needed for implementation

– It will stipulate the DRRM approaches and strategies to be applied to manage identified hazards and risks

– The roles of agencies, their responsibilities and lines of authority at all levels of government will be identified

– It shall provide the vertical and horizontal coordination mechanism in pre-disaster and post-disaster activities

– It will include a system for monitoring and evaluation of programs


DRRM Priority Areas and Long-Term Goals:


DRRM Priority areas and foreseen overlaps:

Prevention and Mitigation

Preparedness Response Rehabilitation and Recovery

Prevention and Mitigation

DRR and CCA mainstreaming into national and local plans and programs;LDRRMO institutionalizationHazard and risk mappingEarly Warning Systems

Activities related to ensuring that (a) people are prepared and (b) response will be carried out efficiently and effectively

Restoration of life lines and basic infrastructureEarly recoveryPsychosocial care

Long term recovery and prevention and mitigation – building back better


1. Development of plans Joint work plan for DRRM and CCA, Local DRRM plans , National Disaster Response Plan (to include a system for Search, Rescue and Retrieval SRR; scenario-based preparedness and response plans), Risk financing

2. Development of understandable and consistent IEC and advocacy materials on RA 10121, DRRM and CCA

3. Development of guidelines Communications and information protocol before, during and after disasters; Creation of DRRM teams; Criteria/standards for local flood early warning systems; Evacuation; Infrastructure redesign and/or modifications; Manual of operations of disaster operations centers

4. Development of tools DRRM and CCA mainstreaming in the national and local-level planning, DANA and Post-DANA; Psychosocial concerns

5. Establishment of DRRM Training Institutes; End-to-End local flood early warning systems through integrated and sustainable management river basins and water sheds; local DRRM Councils and Offices and their operations centers

Priority Programs and Projects

THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN 2011-2028 THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN 2011-2028 Priority Programs and Projects

6. Conduct inventory of existing DRRM and CCA resources and services7. Development and implementation of DRRM and CCA activities using

the 5% of government agency’s GAA8. Hazard and risk mapping in the most high-risk areas in the country9. Institutional capability program on DRRM and CCA for decision makers,

local chief executives, public sector employees, and key stakeholders10. Mainstreaming DRRM and CCA in local development planning.11. PDNA capacity building for national government agencies, regional line

agencies, and local offices12. Review, amend and/or revise the Building Code and integrate DRRM

and CCA; Executive Order no. 72 s. 1993; Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 10121; Various related environmental policies

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NDRRMP

• 3.1 Implementation Strategies include Advocacy and Information, Education and Communication (IEC), Competency-based capability building, Education on DRRM and CCA for all, Institutionalization of DRRMCs and LDRRMOs, Mainstreaming of DRR in all plans, to name a few.

• 3.2 Implementation Mechanisms: – Integration of DRRM into relevant national plans such as the

Philippine Development plan – Development and implementation of respective action plans of

government agencies as indicated in the NDRRM Plan. – Roles and responsibilities of the NDRRM Council, Office of Civil

Defense, Agency Leads and Partners, and the Regional/Provincial/Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils

1. General Appropriations Act (GAA) – through the existing budgets of the national line and government agencies

2. National DRRM Fund3. Local DRRM Fund4. Priority Development Assistance Fund (PDAF)5. Donor Funds6. Adaptation and Risk Financing7. Disaster Management Assistance Fund (DMAF)

RESOURCE MOBILIZATION

Harmonization efforts for DRR and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA)

Documents

SCOPE OF PRESENTATION I. What is a Disaster ? According to RA 10121, a "Disaster" is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society