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State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineInstitute of geological sciences, National Institute of geological sciences, National
Academy of Sciences of UkraineAcademy of Sciences of Ukraine
SCREENING ASSESSMENT OF RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION IN GROUNDWATER FROM THE “DNEPROVSKOE” TAILINGS IMPOUNDMENT
(DNEPRODZERZHYNSK CITY) AND EVALUATION OF REMEDIAL OPTIONS
V. Riazantsev: SNRCUV. Riazantsev: SNRCUA.SkalskyA.Skalsky, , D.D.BugaiBugai:: Inst.Inst. of Geol. ScienceGeol. Science
International Symposium on Uranium Raw Material for the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Exploration, Mining, Production, Supply and Demand, Economics and
Environmental Issues (URAM 2009)Vienna, Austria, 22–26 June 2009
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
CONTENTSCONTENTS• Location of Prydneprovsky Chemical Plant (PCh.P) and general characteristic of its tailings.
• Hydrogeological conditions and monitoring system.• Screening assessment of radionuclide migration from “Dneprovskoe” tailings:- radionuclide transport modeling software,- parameters of the radionuclide transport model,- modeling predictions of groundwater transport of uranium from tailings “Dneprovskoe” to Dnepr River under different remediation scenarios.
• Conclusions
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
Chernobyl contaminated area
Dneprodzerzhinsk site
Uranium Miningand Milling area
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
44
1
2 3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Uranium tailings in Dneprodzerzhinsk site
RELEASES from tailing sites :
“Dnierovske” ( 4 – water )“Lazo” ( 10 - water)“Central Yar” ( 3 – water)“South-Eastern” ( 2 – water)“Sukhachevske” ( 8, 9 air and water)“Industrial Site” ( 1 – water)“Base “C” (6, 7)
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineBasic objects subject to the control and rehabilitation
Residential area
Industrial site
Treetuzny pit
Konopl yanka ri v.
Dniper riv.By-product cokeplant slime pit
Ash-disposal areaof metallurgical works
“Dneprovskoe” tailings
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine““DneprovskoeDneprovskoe”” tailingstailings
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
General characteristics of the General characteristics of the PCh.PPCh.P tailingstailings
1300.00330.00660.061965-88„Lantan fraction“14005.912.0731954-68„Dneprovskoe“4400.150.3251960-91„Base C“
2704.49.6701983-92“Sukhachevskoe”2nd section
7108.619.0901968-83“Sukhachevskoe”1st section
670.150.333.61956-80„South-Eastern“1040.100.222.41951-54„Central yar“1800.350.776.01949-54„Western“
Gross activity,TBq
Volume,x106 m3
Amount ofthe waste,x106 t
Area, hectares
Period ofoperation
Tailing names
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
The monitoring well network at PChP site
The system of the hydrogeological monitoring consists of 57 wells. The 49 of these wells are setted at the tailings “Dneprovskoe”. The tailings “Western” is equipped by 4 wells, a the tailings “Central Yar” is equipped by 3 wells. There are no monitoring wells at the tailings “South-East”.
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
The monitoring well network at PChP site
The 4-D control well
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineTable 3. Radiation characteristics of groundwater of “D” site in selected wells for years 2005/2006 (Voitsekhovitch et al., 2006)
1,002,0±0,6< 0,20,8±0,04
0,09±0,030,43±0,06
0,09±0,030,40±0,06
5,848-D
0,98-5,8±1,45,8±1,2
2,41±0,355,4±1,2
2,36±0,352,316-D
1,071,6
7,9±2,315,1±3,016,0±3,2
6,8±1,35,69±0,31
7,3±1,39,38±2,40
19,318,4
19-D
1,181,04
10±30,84±0,245,0±1,0
0,22±0,052,4±0,5
0,26±0,052,5±0,5
6,411,1
4-D
0,810,42
4,6±1,42,62±0,780,23±0,04
0,90±0,180,20±0,02
0,73±0,16<0,03
7,37,2
2-D
234U/238UΣβBq/L
ΣαBq/L
U-238Bq/L
U-234Bq/L
Salinityg/L
Well#
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineGeological crossGeological cross--section of tailing section of tailing ““DD”” alongalong
KonopliankaKonoplianka -- Dnepr lineDnepr line
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineContents of water Contents of water -- soluble salts in tailing materialssoluble salts in tailing materials
149,8/0,150Ca(HCO3)21274,2/1,3186,6/0,19CaSO4
29,4/0,030CaCl2946,9/0,90Ca(NO3)21270,7/1,324,1/0,02MgSO4
43,8/0,040MgCl2923,8/0,90Mg(NO3)2776,7/0,80Na2SO4
1971,5/20NaCl895,1/0,987,9/0,09NaNO3
7,5/0,0070KCl117,3/0,128,1/0,008KNO3
tofrom
CONTENTml g in 100 g dry material / % in dry materialSalt type
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
Specific activity of main radionuclides in tailing Specific activity of main radionuclides in tailing materialsmaterials
7141090650416991065612238max
18445242071392717723576average
210Ро210Pb230Th226RaUSpecificactivity,Bq/kg
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
Average contents of uranium in underground waters within Average contents of uranium in underground waters within zone of tailing pond zone of tailing pond ““DD””, control and observation zone , control and observation zone
((20002000--20062006))
0.1
1
10
100
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007рік
U, Б
к/л
Техногенний г-т ("Д")Аллюв.г-т ("Д")Аллюв.г-т (СЗЗ-ЗС)
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
Filtration model of tailings Filtration model of tailings ““DD”” sitesite
Visual Modflow 3.0 PRO is integrated soft for 3-D modeling of underground water flow and pollution (radionuclide) migration. It included design module MODFLOW, MODPATH, ZoneBudget, MT3Dxx/RT3D, and WINPEST
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
Filtration zone Filtration zone and boundary and boundary condition for condition for
modelingmodeling
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineCross section of filtration model along 21 columnCross section of filtration model along 21 column
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
Dispersion of filtration property of rocks in zone of 2-nd calculation layer of filtration model
Color scale of filtration coefficients
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
Dispersion of Dispersion of filtration feed filtration feed
(input) in filtration (input) in filtration zone of tailings zone of tailings ““DD””
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
Dispersion of underground water layers on calibration stage.(real conditions for Treetuzny pit)
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
W.6593 W.6594 W.1ZP W.2 ZP W.3 ZP W. 2D W. 4D W.19D W. 16D W. 48D
Total alpha-activity238+234U238U226Ra
Tailing Tailing “Zapadnoe” Tailing ”Dniprovske”“Centralny Yar”
234,238234,238U U ии 226226Ra in porous water of tailingsRa in porous water of tailings 20062006--20072007
Bq/m3
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
• Prediction calculation for radionuclide migration from tailings “D” carried out by use of the “Ecolego” soft, developed by SSK.
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
АB C
“Ecolego” interaction matrix for radionuclide migration model from “D” tailings: (А) – general matrix, (B) – tailing sub system matrix; (C) aquifer sub system matrix
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
Block scheme of radionuclide migration Block scheme of radionuclide migration from from ““DD”” tailingstailings
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
Result of modeling: Base predictionResult of modeling: Base prediction. . U concentration in U concentration in alluvial aquifer on 750 m distance from alluvial aquifer on 750 m distance from ““DD”” tailingstailings
0.1
1
10
100
1000
1 10 100 1000 10000Час, роки
Конц
ентр
ація
уран
у, Бк
/л
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineResult of modeling: Conservative prediction. Radionuclide Result of modeling: Conservative prediction. Radionuclide
concentration in alluvial aquifer on 750 m distance from concentration in alluvial aquifer on 750 m distance from ““DD”” tailingstailings
0.1
1
10
100
1000
1 10 100 1000 10000Час, роки
Конц
ентр
ація,
Бк/л
URa-226Po-210Pb-210
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineU flux from U flux from ““DD”” to Dnepr river for different scenarioto Dnepr river for different scenario
U f l u x f r o m " D " t a i l i n g s t o D n i e p e r R i v e rf o r d i f f e r e n t s c e n a r i o s
0
5 E + 1 2
1 E + 1 3
1 , 5 E + 1 3
2 E + 1 3
2 , 5 E + 1 3
0 5 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 3 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 4 0 0 0 4 5 0 0 5 0 0 0t i m e , y
U flu
x, Bq
/y
b a s e c a s ec o n s e r v a t i v es o i l c o v e rw a s te r e m o v a l
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkrainePreliminary estimations of effect of tail material deleting or Preliminary estimations of effect of tail material deleting or
coverage of tailing surface (population dose exposure due to coverage of tailing surface (population dose exposure due to water use on 750 m distance from water use on 750 m distance from ““DD”” tailings)tailings)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000years
Expo
sure
doze
, mSv
/ybase caseconsrvative casesoil coversourse removal
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineВозможныеВозможные стратегиистратегии реабилитацииреабилитации промплощадкипромплощадки ПХЗПХЗ ии прилегающихприлегающих территорийтерриторий
LAZO
Suhachovkatailing
Sediment box
Coverage and waterproofing
residential area
Konoplyanka riv.
Treetuzny pit
Industrial site
Dniper riv.Possible strategy of rehabilitation of Possible strategy of rehabilitation of PridneprovskyPridneprovsky sitesite
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
ProblemsProblems• Verification of dates.• Uncertainty and inconsistency of dates.
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
SUMMARYSUMMARY• Main source of contaminations – formation of
thehnogenic aquifers. Max predicted value of U-concentrations in groundwater on control zone (rehabilitation case) has twice decrease in comparison with base case. Isolation or removing of tailings in the first 1500 years gives the same effect for groundwater contamination. Main sources of contamination is initial radioactive contamination of alluvial aquifer under tailing which exist in both scenarios.
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
SUMMARYSUMMARY• For base scenario U-flux to Dneper start in 500
y, max flux (8,7×10E+12 Bq/y) rich in 2000 y.• For conservative scenario U-migration process
occur more fast. Visible U-flux has started in 50 y., max flux (21×10E+12 Bq/y) rich in ≈300 y.
• Covering or removing of tailing result in decreasing of U-flux in twice in comparison of base scenario and have the same effect in first predicted 2000-2500 y.
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
SUMMARYSUMMARY• Perspective and effective economical approach
could be tailing conservation in-situ by creation of soil cover, which minimize infiltration of atmospheric precipitation into tailing body and minimize of radioactive contamination of ground water.
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
Result of successful rehabilitation Result of successful rehabilitation
IAEA, URAM-2009, AUSTRIA, VIENNA, 22-26 June, 2009
State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of UkraineState Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine
THANK YOU!THANK YOU!