Search for New Physics in B decays

Tadashi Yoshikawa Nagoya U.

KEKPH07 3/1 – 3/3

Kobayashi-Maskawa Theory ( CKM matrix) are almost confirmed !!

We are going to next stage to search for

New physics hiding well !

Unitarity Triangle :

Where are they hiding ?

Where can we find them in ?

direct search

VS Indirect search

tree loop

High energy exp. High luminosity Exp.

Both approach are important to understand (find) new Physics .Physics are going to indirect search of New Physics .They will give us some useful hints and strong constraints for new

Physics.

Example: Ishidori and Paradisi (hep-ph/0605012)

TeVu = -1.0 TeV

Constraints for tan and charged Higgs mass in the MFV within the MSSM.

A Case:

g-2

(Belle)

Main Targets are in Penguin processes .

ｂ su

ud d

Bd

b – s(d) gluon penguin

b – s(d) electro weak penguin

……

..

They will give us some useful hints and strong constraints for new Physics.

Searching for New Physics in B decays

Investigating Penguin effects.

How to handle these penguin processes?

How to play with How to play with penguin. penguin.

ｂ du

ud d

Bdπ ＋

π －

Plan of this talk:

IntroductionStatus of several puzzle

Scp of B ’K K puzzle Still remaining the window for NP ?

BV ll and BKp ll

Time-dependent CP Asymmetry : Bigi and SandaBigi and Sanda

cc mode S penguin

No CP phase in diagrams No CP phase in diagrams

b

BB

c

B

b

c

s

J/

K

K

J/

B

b

s

ΦΦ１＝　２１．２１＝　２１．２ ±±１．１．０　０　 °°

Discrepancy of Scp between CC modes and b-s modes

in the SM

The EX. Data are moving to the SM direction !!

Comparison by CP asymmetryTime-dependent CP asymmetry: Time-dependent CP asymmetry:

Af direct CP violation

Sf mixing CP violation : M (phase of B-B mixing) 　～１

Ｄ (phase of A(Bf) )

Almost 0!!

New Physics window is still remaining ?

SM

discrepancy

SM

SM

SM

How do you think about this situation ?

Still remaining deviation.

There were many many works to explain these deviations,

SUSY, extra D model ………

It will give us several useful hints or constraint to build new model !!

As the Next step, we should consider comparison among each decay modes even if the modes are b-s penguin. We have to investigate carefully the detail each contributions.

New Physics is hiding them !!

SK0may have some hints of New Physics.

　 SK0pi0 = 0.31 0.26

Kpuzzle

Kim, Kwon, Lee, TY

Present status of the Puzzle Lipkin

Yoshikawa( 03)., Gronau - Rosner, Buras-Fleischer et al ,

Li, Mishima and Yoshikawa(04) ……. Many works.

What was the Puzzle ?

. Discrepancies from expectations by Sum ruleSum rule among the branching ratios.

(Theory)

(After ICHEP06)

Still remaining this Problem ??

History of Rc - Rn

Rc – Rn Rc

Rn

The EX. Data are moving to the SM direction !!

0 or not

2006 HFAG

What can we learn from the K pi puzzle ?

Diagram Decomposition Gronau, Hernandez,London, Rosner

Relation among amplitudes : Isospin relation

Several Sum rules for Br and Acp .

B decays ： topological diagram topological diagram decompositiondecomposition

ＴＴｒｒｅｅｅｅ

QCDQCD ＰＰｅｎｇｅｎｇｕｉｎｕｉｎ

CColor olor suppressed suppressed

treetree

EElectrolectroWWeakeak

PPenguin (enguin (PPEWEW))

AAnnihilatinnihilationon SSinglet QCD inglet QCD

PenguinPenguin

CColor suppressed olor suppressed

EWEW PPenguinenguin

((PPCCEWEW ))

Gronau, Hernandez,London, Rosner

b

B

B

B

BB

B

B

bb

b

b

bb

Hierarchy Hierarchy AssumptionAssumption

ＰＱＣＤ

in B in B K K

O(0.1)

O(0.01)

Naïve factorization method

(Leading order)

Branching ratios under the Branching ratios under the assumptionassumption

by neglecting r2 terms including rC, rcEW , rA (smaller terms than O(0.01 ). )

＝０．２１＝０．２１ ±±　０．１１　　　　　０．１１　　　　≠　≠　 OO（０．１＾（０．１＾２）　　　（２００５）２）　　　（２００５）

Rc - Rn Rc - Rn

The Origin of Sum rule breaking is Electro Weak Penguin ??

　　 rEW : Electro Weak Penguin Contribution

＝０．１２＝０．１２ ±±　０．１０　　　　　０．１０　　　　　　　　　　 OO（０．１＾２）（０．１＾２）　　　（　　　（ ICHEPICHEP０６）　０６）　

The difference comes from r^2 O(0.1^2) terms !!!

Rc – Rn

EW)

Strong phase of EW penguin

rew = 0.14, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4

Maximum of Rc – Rn for delta(EW) and rew

Cos T > 0 is favored. T should be around 15o.

Fleischer-Mannel bound

-0.093 0.015

as a function of T with rT = 0.2 .

CPA T should be around 15o or 1

55o

T

++

Direct CP Violation of B K+

What can we expect

No strong phase difference between tree and EW(Z) penguin

bbWWzz

us

K

K BB

1)

2)

under SU(3) symmetry. Because the diagrams are topologically same.

tree

EW Penguin

Neubert-Rosner,

Buras and Fleischer

Rc – Rn

EW)

Strong phase of EW penguin

rew = 0.14, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4

If the strong phases of tree and EW penguin should be same, small discrepancy is still remaining !!

If Rc – Rn keep the positive value,

EW penguin should have extra (new) phase.

New Physics window ?

Consider a case that EW Penguin including NP with New CP Phase.

New Physics solution

New Phase

EW)

Rc - Rn

rew = 0.14, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4

The maximum bound of Rc – Rn

for EW at EW) = and

rT = 0.2 and under constraint Acp.

EW)around 270o i

s favored

Relaxing the hierarchy assumption = keeping = keeping rr22CC terms terms in

Allowed

Allowed

prediction predictionrEW rEW

rC rC

Large rc solution in NLO PQCD -- Li, Mishima and Sanda PRD72:114005

Need 3 times larger

2) Direct CP asymmetry :

theoretically 、　 1 > 　 r_T ~ r_{EW} > r_C > r_A

New Physics ? In rNew Physics ? In rEW EW EW penguin ? EW penguin ?

expectationexpectation BUT BUT differentdifferent !!!!

Experimental data,

or Large rc contribution ?

Direct CP asymmetries in B in B K K

Relation among the CP asymmetries : (SUM rules)

Large EW Penguin ? Or Still Large EW Penguin ? Or Still early ?early ?

Consistent Consistent ??

Direct CP asymmetries in B in B K K

Relation among the CP asymmetries : (SUM rules)

Still depend on Acp00 . Need more precise Still depend on Acp00 . Need more precise data!! data!!

If EW Penguin : ( Z penguin ) : should include new phase,

the effect will appear in semi-leptonic decays .

But to investigate the effects in C10 process is slightly difficult !!

CP asymmetry of B ll or B Xs ll

tiny Br

final states are both CP odd and even .

Need angular analysis of B K pi ll .

Let’s consider semi-leptonic decays

BK* l l decay matrix element

b-s Tiny contribution in SM

Z penguin

B (K* K ) + l l

l^-

l^+

l

K

Forward-Backward Asymmetry

l^+ l^+

How to detect the evidence of New Phys. by B K* ll .

Using Forward-Backward asymmetry:

The zero of FB asymmetry is rather insensitive to hadron uncertainty .

We need to remove the hadronic uncertainty !!

We should use some asymmetries :

C7

-C7

AFB

z = (pl^+ + pl^-)^2 Dilepton invariant mass

AFB

V, Ti, Ai : B-K* Form Factors

B K* ll

How about BK pi l l decay ?

Depend on C7 and C9.

C7

-C7

The angular distribution : definition of the angles

z

l+

l -

K

π

K* γB

θl

φ

θl ：　 angle between l+ momentum direction and z axis

at CM system of (l+ l- )

：　 angle between π direction and - z axis at CM of (K pi )

φ ：　 angle between ２　 decay planes

FB asymmetry

There are 3 angles. 　　　　　 Can not we use them ?

Using angle between decay planes:

An Example:

Grossman and Pirjol, JHEP0006: 029 hep-ph/0005069

Kim, Kim, Lu and Morozumi, PRD62:034013 hep-ph/0001151

Points: Using small-q^2 region, ( q^2 ~ 0 )

We can neglect 1) local interactions with O9, O10

2) longitudinal modes, A0

One can investigate 　 B 　　 Vγ 　 by using polarization analysis or angular distribution

A : CP-even

A⊥ : CP-odd

=Time dependent CP

From angular distribution analysis

in B K pi ll decay

After integrating angles and q^2 at small region, approximately,

From the distribution for angle φ + 　 B->V γ 、 one can extract

which may be including new physics info.

Angler analysis

C7 C7’

whereSmall contribution in SM

The branching ratios is

After integrating all angles, remains as the decay rate. The other terms shown the angular distribution.

B K l l mode

CP: odd

CP: even

CP: odd

CP: odd

CP: odd

CP: even

Kruger,Sehgal, Shinha, Shinha

Kruger, Matias

If Possible, we would like to extract these contributions by

using FB asymmetries.

FB asymmetry for l^+

Triple FB asymmetry

An asymmetry for

Triple FB asymmetry

Double FB asymmetry for and

CP: odd

CP: even

CP: odd

CP: odd

CP: odd

CP: even

CP Asymmetries

Direct CPA

Strong phase difference CP phase

Need strong phase difference !!

Ceff9 の　 imaginary part (Buchalla 00)

C9 is including strong phase comes from CC resonances

However no phase in low q^2 region !!

FB asymmetry for l^+

C7

-C7

C10 i |C10|

AcpFB2

C9 i |C9|

FB4

If C7’ with CP phase exists, the effect will appear in FB4 and Acp .

C7’ not =0

If C7’ with CP phase exists, the effect will appear in FB4.

FB5

Triple FB asymmetry

C7’ not =0

If C7’ with CP phase exists, the effect will appear in FB5.

C10 i |C10|

FB6

Double FB asymmetry for and

C7’ not =0

C7

-C7

C10 i |C10|

We can also consider time-dependent CP of FBi .

We need more strong phases .

How about interferences between K^* and scalar resonance as intermediated states.

We may get many fruitful information from B K pi ll decay modes.

Angular analysis

CP asymmetries

Summary There are several discrepancies between Ex. and theory in B decays. But some ones seem to be moving to SM prediction.Still remaining the region for New Physics in

Scp and Kpuzzle Color suppressed tree ? Or Electro weak Penguin ?

They are including fruitful information to build new physics model.