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TWSSGRAPHICS

PROGRAMME2009

Secondary 1

The materials from this set of notes are to be used solely foreducational purposes in Teck Whye Secondary School. They are not tobe sold or distributed. The books that have been used in this set ofnotes are

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1. Design Drawing by Francis Ching2. How to draw what you see by Rudy De Reyna3. The basics of drawing by Victoria Vebell

The objectives of this course are

1. to draw the right way using correct posture, holding andtechniques.

2. to be comfortable using the pencil to draw lines and draw the4 basic shapes.

3. to draw complex objects by the breaking it down into the 4basic shapes.

Holding the Pencil

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The first step

To be able to draw well, the key element is to be able to hold the pencilcorrectly. These are the following 2 ways that you can hold the pencil.I would recommend the first way to draw lines and outlines.

I would recommend the second way to do shading.

The next step..

To be able to draw and shade easily, you would need to be able to have

a good pencil that has been sharpened well with a penknife.

The tip of the pencil should look like this.

Drawing Straight lines

We can begin.

The most basic thing that must be mastered is the ability to drawstraight lines. Everyone draws straight lines in a different manner andin different directions.

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First way Second w

Notice the lead showing isquite long and sharpened

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Let us now learn how we uniquely draw straight lines.

Ex.1

Draw straight lines in different directions but place the arrow the infront so that youll know how you got your best straight line.Draw about 4 lines parallel to each other in any direction and see thebest way that you draw a straight line.

MAKE SURE YOUR WRIST IS LOCKED WHEN YOU DRAW THESESTRAIGHT LINES!

Perfecting the straight line.

Now that we know how we draw straight lines. Let us practice drawingstraight lines in different directions. Draw 5 parallel lines below eachof these lines shown below. Try to keep them the same length as these

DONT FORGET THAT WE CAN ROTATE THE PAPER!

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Let us start..

The shapes that you see above are the 4 basic shapes.

The sphere, the cuboid (box), the cylinder and the cone are able to bemixed and matched to draw almost anything that you have seen fromthis morning when you rose from sleep to the time that you are now

reading this.

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Cubiods (Boxes)

Sketch 5 cubiods in the space provided.

The second basic shape: the Cylinder

Cylinders

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Sketch 5 cylinders in the space provided.

Cones

Sketch 5 cones in the spaceprovided.

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Spheres

Sketch 5 spheres in the spaceprovided.

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Once you can draw these 4 basic shapes, you can drawanything..

Exercise 1:

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Take a look at this lamp shade below. Does it look like its difficult todraw? Well, its definitely easier than you think it is. It is actually madeup of parts that are from the 4 basic shapes. Make an exact copy thelamp shade (without the annotation) onto the space given in the nextpage.

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Evaluate your drawing

Compare it with the original. Take a ruler and measure your linesagainst the lines given in the diagram.

Are the sizes correct?.Is the distance from each other correct?

Is the shading correct?Is the size of the shapes correct in relation to one another?

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Sketching 3-Dimension figures through CRATING

As you begin your journey in learning to sketch, it is absolutely criticalthat your eyes are trained to scrutinized details like length of individuallines, the distance between parts/lines, the proportion/ratio between

parts and the orientation/facing of the figure.

We can put all this together through a method called Crating. As thename implies, we simply draw a crate or a box to contain the 3-dimensional figure.

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Step 1: Draw a crate/box with thedimensions of the length, breadth and

-

LengthBreadth

Height

LengthBreadth

Height

Step 2: Complete the box.

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Step 3: Add in the details face by face.

Step 4: Last but not least outline thefigure, so the drawing will be more

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Exercise 2:Make an exact copy of each of the object given. Take note of theDimension and Proportion between each part of the individual objectand the orientation. Outline the object after sketching.[8]

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Marking Scheme

Orientation [1] : _______ Dimension [1]: ________ Proportion [1]: ________ Outline___________

Marking Scheme

Orientation [1] : _______ Dimension [1]: ________ Proportion [1]: ________ Outline [1]:___________

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Exercise 3:Make an exact copy of each of the object given. Take note of theDimension and Proportion between each part of the individual objectand the orientation. Outline the object after sketching.[8]

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Marking Scheme

Orientation [1] : _______ Dimension [1]: ________ Proportion [1]: ________ Outline [1]:___________

Marking Scheme

Orientation [1] : _______ Dimension [1]: ________ Proportion [1]: ________ Outline [1]:___________