Secrets of smoke extraction and HPWM in the new deep garage beside Hungarian Parliament 16.10.2013 Paris Compiled by: Márton Horváth Technical director

Secrets of smoke extraction and HPWM in the new deep garage beside Hungarian Parliament 16.10.2013 Paris

Compiled by:

Márton Horváth

Technical director

Teljes körű tűzvédelem!!

1 TŰZŐR Ltd official distributor for Hungary

Table of contents

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1. Water mist basic information2. Overview of building, photos3. Relation between HPWM and smoke extraction4. Savings5. Initial dates for FDS simulation6. Evaluations FDS simulation results


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Diameter of dropplet / µm

Active surface / m² / lit

1000 2

100 20

10 200

sprinkler

LowP Wmist up to 12,5bar

HPWmist above 35 bar

System

Combustible material

ENERGYOXIGEN

- Huge dropplet specific surface, enormous heat absorbtion, cooling

Inside the flame zone the dropplets evaporate (1lit H2O=1760lit steam), this will reduce the O2 concentration to 16-17%

1. Enviromantally friendly

2. Rapid heat absorbtion

3. Effective fire control

4. Low water flow

5. No need of air tight room, (beside 3m/sec air velocity the HPWM is tested)

6. Is also appropriate for „B” class fires, hazardous liquid fires) without foam!!!!

7. Stainless steel piping, long life span

BE

NE

FIT

S


1. Basic information of HPWM

EffectiveEnviromentally friendlyLong life spanLow maintenance cost

Expectation from a XXI. century extinguishing agent

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Before making decision to apply HPWM, it is improtant to be aware of benefits, and disadventages

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BENEFITS

Smaller pipe diameters branchlines 12-17mm (Sprinkler 33,7-60,3mm), Main lines 26,9-42,3mm (sprinkler 89-219mm)

Long life span 30-40 év (in case of sprinkler 15-20 év)

Smaller tank volume, and smaller footprint for pumproom (sprinkler tank typical 100m3 OH1-up to storage HH4 1200m3)

HPWM has far less water demage after successful action

HPWM can be applied to compensate the lack of fire resistance of building structures, walls windows facade elements

Disadventage: HPWM more expensive pump technology, and expensive nozzles (spr nozzle 2-10EUR, HPWM 90-100EUR)


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Full range of active fire fighting

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4 levels, 560car parking, 22.000m2

Almost 0 smoke

extraction

50% reduction on

smoke extraction

Relations between smoke extraction and HPWM in Hungarian National Regulation of Fire Safety



135.000m3/h

1.Why do we need automatic fire fighting systems?

More than one level underground garages must be equipped by automatic fire extinguishing system and detection system.

2.What would be the smoke extraction due to National Regulations?

541§ Machinery smoke extraction can ransom gravity natural smoke extraction. Each effective m2 open surface shall be considered as 2m3/sec machinery

ventilation. For garages 1% of total fire section shall be the min open surface for natural smoke extraction.

We have: 3750m2 maximum fire section1% =37,5m2 smoke extraction x 2m3/sec= 270.000m3/h

3.How can we reduce smoke extraction, without loss of safety ?

506§ SUBJECT SMOKE EXTRACTION

For non standardised cases, individual designed solutions must be controlled by computer simulations (software must be accepted by Hungarian Nationa Disaster Ministry=FDS). Due to this simulation we could reduce down to 0,5%.


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4.Which are these paragraphs that support us optimising system?

507§ SUBJECT SMOKE EXTRACTION

(1)The application of smoke extraction is forbidden for rooms where total flooding automatic fire fighting system is designed. (high expansion foam, gas, open nozzle HPWM)

(2) For those rooms where water mist system is installed (bulb system), Hungarian National Disaster Ministry will define the need and density of smoke extraction.

5.How can we reduce the heat resistance requirements by HPWM?

515 § Smoke extraction equipments (fan motor, cable duct must be at least 400C° heat resistant for 90min operation designed. Due to the results of FDS simulation, the max temperature has been improved not to exceed 300C°.

3. SAVINGS Instead of 400C° resistant JET and extraction fans 300C ° installed, thanks to FDS simulation and HPWM.

Saving on 50% of air volume (duct, cables, extraction fans) due to FDS simulation and HPWM

-1 level total flooding system, open HPWM system, therefore we totally save smoke extraction for this level. Fans, cabling ducting



Surplus cost for HPWM on conventional sprinkler system

What benefits does the project win, by applying HPWM?1. Reduced size of smoke extraction ducts on level -4, -3, -22. No smoke extraction on level -1 except evacuation corridors3. Better fire suppression system 4. Long life span stainless steel piping5. No ugly air intake and outlet louvers above ground, fit to architect design

170.000€

250.000€

100.000€

520.000€ 520.000€

4. Initial data's for FDS simulation


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-2. level ignited car position defined by authority

-4. level ignited car position defined by authority

• 1 car 4,7MW Citroën• Every 2nd parking place one car• 9 nozzles and 6 smoke

detection sensors added to simulation

Fire section nr 1.

Fire section nr 2.

Fire section nr 1.

Fire section nr 2.

Air outlet

Air

inle

t

Excape stairs

Excape stairs



Timing delay criteria for visibilitySmoke detection system 2secPreparation at fire department 120secArrival of fire brigade 2,2km*40km/h= 198secAccess unpacking at destination 180secTotal 500sec=8,3 minutes

• 2pcs OH2 upright nozzles will be activated

• Maximum temperature 277Celsius• The visibility has to be checked

after 8 minutes, so that the access to fire seat is ensured by smoke extraction

• 784l/min pump unit 7+1due to the total flooding on -1 level

Visibility on – 4 level



Water mist development -2 level



-2 level Temperature y



Thank you for your attention! Questions?


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Secrets of smoke extraction and HPWM in the new deep garage beside Hungarian Parliament 16.10.2013 Paris Compiled by: Márton Horváth Technical director