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Symbolic interactionism views socialization as a lifelong process. Desocialization is the process of having to give up old norms. Resocialization begins as people adopt new norms and values. Anticipatory socialization and reference groups are concerned with voluntary changes, such as moving from one life stage to another.
A. A
B. B
C. C
Section 4-Polling Question
A B C
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Which do you think is the greatest change in a person’s life?
A. Working for a living
B. Getting married
C. Having children
Section 4
Process of Socialization
• Symbolic interactionism describes four processes associated with socialization after childhood: desocialization, resocialization, anticipatory socialization, and reference groups.
Section 4
Desocialization and Resocialization
• Total institutions—places where residents are separated from the rest of society.
• The purpose of these places is to desocialize and then resocialize people.
Rates of Imprisonment
Section 4
Desocialization and Resocialization (cont.)
• Desocialization—the process by which people give up old norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors.
• Resocialization—the process in which people adopt new norms, values, attitudes and behaviors.
A. A
B. B
C. C
Section 4
A B C
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Which is NOT an example of a total institution?
A. Military
B. Prison
C. College
Section 4
Anticipatory Socialization
• Anticipatory socialization is the process of preparing (in advance) for new norms, values, attitudes and behaviors.
• It involves voluntary change from one reference group to another.
• A group of people will use a reference group to evaluate themselves and acquire attitudes, values, beliefs, and norms.
A. A
B. B
C. C
Section 4
How is anticipatory socialization different from desocialization and resocialization?
A. It’s a voluntary process.
B. There is advance preparation.
C. All of the above
A B C
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Section 4-Key Terms
• total institutions
• desocialization
• resocialization
• anticipatory socialization
• reference group
Snapshot
Source: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2005.
Rates of Imprisonment
This map shows the number of prisoners with sentences of more than one year per 100,000 U.S. residents.
Vocab 15
total institutions
places in which people are separated from the rest of society and controlled by officials in charge
Vocab 16
desocialization
the process of giving up old norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors
Vocab 17
resocialization
the process of adopting new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors
Vocab 18
anticipatory socialization
the voluntary process of preparing to accept new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors
Vocab 19
reference group
group whose norms and values are used to guide behavior; group with whom you identify
