Securing Independence

Chapter 6

Civil War or War for Independence?

Loyalists (Tories)

The role of slaves

The role of Native Americans

The American Revolution

British Advantages

British Disadvantages

American Advantages

American Disadvantages

The role of George Washington

The American Revolution

Trenton (December 25-26, 1776)

Saratoga (October 7, 1777)

Charleston (1780)

Yorktown (October 1781)

The role of Guerilla Warfare

Major Battles

The Treaty of Paris, 1783

American Independence

New Borders

Eventual problems with the British

The Loyalists flee

Making Peace

Impact of the Declaration

Black Americans

Women

Native Americans

Forming state governments

The worldwide impact

Social Change

The Articles of Confederation

Weak Central Government

Unicameral Congress

Court System?

Executive?

Government

Taxes

Interstate Trade

Foreign Commerce

“Sovereignty, freedom, and independence”

Finances

War Debt

The Continental

Diplomatic Concessions

Declining Exports

Finances

Problems with Native Americans

The Northwest Ordinance

British Forts

Problems with Spain

The West

Shays’s Rebellion

Daniel Shays

Taxes of farmers

1200 farmers rebel

New fears

Rebellion

Annapolis, Maryland

The Philadelphia Convention, 1787

Rhode Island

Nationalist Perspective

Abandoning the Articles

Writing New Rules

James Madison

The Virginia Plan

Fears of the small states

William Paterson’s New Jersey Plan

The Connecticut Compromise

The Constitution

September 1787

Levy and collect taxes

Conduct diplomacy

Protect domestic order

Coin money

regulate foreign commerce

The Constitution

Counting Slaves

The 3/5th’s Compromise

Regulating the slave trade

Slavery

Separation of Powers

Checks and Balances

The 3 Branches of Government

The Electoral College

Ratification

Powers Divided

Federalists

Anti Federalists

The Federalist Papers

The Bill of Rights

“legal and institutional framework within which Americans could struggle to attain democracy”.

The Constitution