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Select one which is correct reply to the statement
Sr. No. Statement Answer
1. Radiobiology is study of the effect of ........... on living
organisms
a. Mineral elements
b. Radioactivity
c. Toxic gases
d. Salts
2. Phycology is the study of -------------
a. Bacteria
b. Viruses
c. Algae
d. Fungi
3. Microscope was invented by
a. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
b. Louis Pasteur
c. Robert Koch
d. Edward Jenner
4. One of plants of the pairs produces spores while the other
produces seeds
a. Monocot and dicot
b. Algae and fungi
c. Mosses and ferns
d. Ferns and gymnosperms
5. Nodules fix nitrogen in the crops
a. Wheat and Rice
b. Sesbania and Mungbean
c. Maize and Barley
d. Cotton and Sugarcane
6. -------- are mineral form of nitrogen
a. Amino acid
b. Proteins
c. Nitrates
d. Nitrogen gas
7. ------- are the major nutrient elements for plants
a. NPK
b. ZnNaCl
c. BNaS
d. CoNiS
8. The soil water in plants is taken up and distributed by
a. Stomata
b. Chloroplasts
c. Xylem
d. Phloem
9. Gymnosperms are
a. Naked seed plants
b. Flowering plants
c. Grasses
d. Cereals
10. Molecular Biology deals with the study of
a. Periodic table
b. Nucleic acids
c. Bacteria
d. Viruses
11. The soluble salts of a solution are measured by
a. pH meter,
b. spectrophotometer
c. EC meter,
d. Oxygen meter
12. One mole of the solute dissolved per liter is
a. Molar solution
b. Molal Solution
c. Normal solution
d. Neutral solution
13. Prominent difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes cell
is -----------
a. Larger size of prokaryotes
b. Lack of pigmentation in eukaryotes
c. Presence of a nucleus in eukaryotes
d. Presence of cell wall in prokaryotes
14. One prokaryote whereas the other is eukaryote
a. Algae & fungi
b. Mosses and ferns
c. Ferns and gymnosperms
d. Cyanobacteria & algae
15. Abio-genesis is ------------
a. Germ theory of disease
b. Spontaneous generation of organisms from non-living
matter
c. Development of life from preexisting life forms
d. Development of aseptic techniques
16. DNA is hereditary molecule composed of -----------
a. Deoxyribose, phosphate and nitrogen bases
b. Deoxyribose, a pentose and nucleic acid
c. Sugar, proteins and thymine
d. Adenine, phosphate and ribose
17. Fusion of two haploid cells results in------
a. A germ cell
b. A diploid zygote
c. Mitosis
d. Meiosis
18. Tonoplast membrane is ------
a. The border between protoplasm and vacuole
b. The outer membrane of nucleus
c. Membrane of Golgi bodies
d. Cellulose membrane
19. Fluid mosaic model describes -----------------
a. The structure of cells
b. Structure of tobacco virus
c. The lipid bi-layer structure of membranes
d. None of the above
20. Louis Pasteur discovered ---------
a. Structure of tartaric acid
b. Pasteurization of milk and wine
c. Anthrax vaccine
d. All of these
21. Koch contributed to the medical microbiology by -------
a. Discovering causative agents of anthrax, cholera,
tuberculosis
b. Establishing Koch’s postulates
c. Developing techniques for microbiology
d. All of these
22. Which of the following is not found in bacterial cells ------
a. Cell membrane
b. A nucleoid
c. Ribosomes
d. Capsule
23. The nutrients essential for the growth of bones are ------
a. Carbohydrates
b. Proteins
c. Fats
d. Minerals
24. The substances animal and human bodies produce to fight
against disease causing agents and germs are -------
a. Vaccines
b. Viruses
c. Antibodies
d. Serums
25. ------------- are the chemical substances produced by ductless
glands
a. Vitamins
b. Hormones
c. Fats
d. Carbohydrates
26. The insect legs and the wings are attached to the -------- part of
the insect body
a. Abdomen
b. Head
c. Thorax
d. Tail
27. Entomology the study of insects constitute a major group of ----
----------- animals
a. Vertebrate
b. Invertebrate
c. Sponge
d. Marines
28. Fish breath through ------------
a. Lungs
b. Gills
c. Skin
d. Nasal
29. Transduction is the process of bacterial ----------
a. Transformation of genetic material
b. Uptake of naked DNA
c. Transfer of genetic material by viruses
d. Unit of DNA
30. A virus is a tiny infectious ---------
a. Cell
b. Living thing
c. Particle
d. Nucleic acid
31. Viruses are known to infect -----------
a. Plants
b. Fungi
c. Bacteria
d. All organisms
32. The nucleic acid of virus is -----------
a. DNA only
b. RNA only
c. Both DNA and RNA
d. Either DNA or RNA
33. Coliphages are the viruses which infect the ----------
a. Animals
b. Plants
c. Protozoa
d. Gut bacteria
34. Phycology is the study of
a. Bacteria
b. Viruses
c. Algae
d. Fungi
35. Flagella and cilia both are found in -----------
a. Algae
b. Multicellular animals
c. Protozoa
d. Fungi
36. Fungi may be divided into two groups pathogenic or -----
a. Photosynthetic
b. sympathetic
c. Saprophytic
d. a & b
37. Yeast plants reproduce by -----------
a. Regeneration
b. Budding
c. Spores
d. Eggs
38. All algae have some types of
a. Spore
b. Chlorophyll
c. Locomotor organelle
d. Toxin
39. A hyphae divided into compartments walls is called -------
a. Non-septate
b. Imperfect
c. Perfect
d. Septate
40. Reproduction by fission occurs in -------------
a. Yeasts
b. Moulds
c. Bacteria
d. Viruses
41. Catabolism is a form of metabolism in which---------molecules
are converted into-------- molecules
a. Large, small
b. Small, large
c. Amino acids, proteins
d. Food, storage
42. A compound synthesize by bacteria or fungi that destroys or
inhibits growth of other microbes a/an ---------
a. Synthetic drug
b. Antibiotic
c. Antimicrobial drug
d. Competitive inhibitor
43. Bioremediation is a microbial process of ---------
a. Biodegradation of organic molecules
b. Detoxification of toxic heavy metals
c. Transformation of inorganic chemicals
d. All of three
44. An organism that can synthesize all its required organic
compounds from CO2 using energy from sun is a ---------
a. Photoautotroph
b. Photoheterotroph
c. Chemoautotroph
d. Chemoheterotroph
45. The flowering plants with their seeds enclosed in an ovary are
called -----------
a. Angiosperms
b. Gymnosperms
c. Bryophytes
d. Ptredophytes
46. Gymnosperm are the plants with ---------
a. Enclosed reproductive part
b. Vessel less vascular bundles
c. Naked flower
d. b & c
47. The part of flower bearing male reproductive organs is ----
a. Calyx
b. Corrola
c. Gynoecium
d. Androecium
48. One produces fruits other does not
a. Cyanobacteria & algae
b. Algae & fungi
c. Mosses and ferns
d. Gymnosperms and angiosperms
49. Products of glycolysis are -------
a. ATP
b. H2O
c. CO2
d. Both a and b
50. The theory of evolution based on study of the structures that
appears during the development of different organisms is called
a. Natural selection
b. Comparative anatomy
c. Comparative embryology
d. Molecular biology
51. Complete oxidation of glucose in aerobic respiration yields a
net --------- ATPs
a. 40
b. 38
c. 6
d. 2
52. The compound that enters the TCA cycle from glycolysis is __
a. Citric acid
b. Pyruvic acid
c. Acetyl CoA
d. Oxaloacetic acid
53. Which of the following is considered a greenhouse gas ---
a. CO2
b. N2O
c. CH4
d. All of these
54. The Calvin cycle operates during which part of photosynthesis-
a. Only the light reaction
b. Only the dark reaction
c. Both light and dark reactions
d. Only photosystem I
55. Root nodules contain ------ which can ---------
a. Azotobacter, fix N2
b. Rhizobia, fix N2
c. Bacillus, denitrify NO3
d. Nitrosomonas, nitrify NH3
56. Photosynthesis is the process of conversion of sun light energy
into -----
a. Organic matter
b. Chemical energy
c. Inorganic elements
d. Hydro energy
57. The free energy per unit volume of water in a solution is --
a. Water potential
b. Osmotic potential
c. Matric potential
d. Pressure potential
58. Water always moves freely from -----------
a. From lower water potential to higher
b. From higher water potential to lower
c. From solution to solvent
d. From solute to solution
59. ETS, the electron transport system is operated on ----------
a. Chloroplast membranes
b. Mitochondrial membrane
c. Golgi apparatus
d. Endoplasmic Reticulum
60. An exorgonic reaction is ----------
a. Energy yielding reaction
b. Energy absorption reaction
c. A neutral reaction
d. Heat consuming reaction
61. Phytohormones are ------------
a. Plant growth regulators
b. Enzymes
c. Toxins
d. Inorganic chemicals
62. Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt is a -------------
a. Bio-pesticide
b. Herbicide
c. Organic compound
d. Xenobiotic
63. ABA, abscisic acid is a -------------
a. Wilting temperature
b. Stress phyto-hormone
c. A plant enzyme
d. An inorganic chemical
64. The water and nutrients conducting tissue in plants are ---
a. Phloem
b. Guard cells
c. Stomata
d. Xylem
65. IAA produces in the plant part --------
a. Roots hairs
b. Older leaves
c. Fruiting buds
d. Shoot apex
66. Phototropism is the growth movement of the plant stimulated
by -------------
a. Darkness
b. Sun light
c. Temperature
d. Heat
67. Halophytes plants require --------- in the medium for growth
a. Sugars
b. Acidic condition
c. Salts
d. Nutrient deficiency
68. Water use efficiency is the plant biomass -----------
a. Consumed per mole of N use
b. Produced per mole of water uptake
c. Produced per mole of carbon uptake
d. Accumulated by foliar parts
69. ELISA is an ---------------
a. Enzyme Less Immune Stability Analysis
b. Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay
c. El Nino of South African Ocean
d. Elimination of Intrinsic Salts
70. Nitrate reductase is an ------ which converts NO3 into nitrite
a. Enzyme
b. Drug
c. Antibiotic
d. Antioxidant
71. One plant of the following pairs contains xylem and phloem,
whereas the other does not
a. Gymnosperms and angiosperms
a. Algae and fungi
b. Mosses and ferns
c. Ferns and gymnosperms
72. Cacti are ------- plants
a. Halophytic
b. Glycophytic
c. Hydrophytic
d. Xerophytic
73. Osmosis is the movement of water through ----------
a. Cell walls
b. Plasmodesmata
c. Permeable membranes
d. Soil aggregates
74. The ratio of sand, silt and clay of a soil sample indicates--
a. Soil structure
b. Soil texture
c. Soil organic matter
d. Soil porosity
75. GMOs are the organisms ----
a. Chemically produced
b. Physically modified
c. Genetically altered
d. a & b
76. Hybrid plants and animals are generally -------
a. Weak
b. Vigorous
c. Unhealthy
d. Accidental
77. Citrus fruits and tomatoes are rich in vitamin -----
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
78. The element taken up from air by legume plants is ------
a. Nitrogen
b. Potassium
c. Hydrogen
d. Phosphorus
79. The process that allows the higher plants to be autotroph
a. Protein synthesis
b. Digestion
c. Respiration
d. Photosynthesis
80. Sudden and accidental appearance of a new trait in a plant or
animal is called ---------
a. Freak
b. In-breading
c. Hybridization
d. Mutation
81. --------- are the Rabi crops
a. Wheat and Rice
b. Wheat and Mustard
c. Rice and Cotton
d. Cotton and Mustard
82. Ammonia is a compound of ------------ and hydrogen
a. Oxygen
b. Phosphorus
c. Carbon
d. Nitrogen
83. Science which deals with the study of heredity is called ---
a. Genetics
b. Entomology
c. Physiology
d. Otomology
84. One produce seeds other does not ______
a. Cyanobacteria & algae
b. Algae & fungi
c. Mosses and ferns
d. Ferns and gymnosperms
85. A substance which alters the speed of a chemical reaction is a--
a. Molecule
b. Element
c. Catalyst
d. Compound
86. Starch is digested by -----------
a. Ptyalin
b. Bile
c. Insulin
d. Phosphates
87. The forms of an element differencing in atomic number but
similar in atomic mass are ---------
a. Isotopes
b. Cations
c. Isobars
d. Anions
88. Diamond and graphite are allotropic forms of -----------
a. Fe
b. S
c. Zn
d. C
89. Structure found in plant cells but not in animal cells
a. Nucleus
b. Chloroplast
c. Mitochondria
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
90. Hydrated aluminium Al2Si2O5 (OH)4 is called ----------
a. Feldspar
b. Plaster of paris
c. Gypsum
d. China clay
91. Removal of Oxygen from a chemical process is ----------
a. Reduction
b. Digestion
c. Oxidation
d. None of the above
92. The soil formed by decay of living things is -------------
a. Clay
b. Silt
c. Sand
d. Humus
93. Malachite is an ore of -------------
a. Mn
b. Zn
c. Cu
d. Fe and sulpher
94. Deuterium and Tritium are isotopes of -------------
a. P
b. N
c. C
d. H
95. X-rays are the forms of ------------ radiations
a. UV
b. Ionizing
c. Electromagnetic
d. All of them
96. ------- is a liquid metal
a. Tangston
b. Argon
c. Nitrogen
d. Mercury
97. Ananbolism is a form of metabolism in which---------molecules
are converted into-------- molecules
a. Large, small
b. Small, large
c. Amino acids, proteins
d. Food, storage
98. The process that leads to the production of ethyl alcohol or
lactic acid
a. Phosphorylation
b. Digestion
c. Respiration
d. Fermentation
99. Fermentation of a glucose molecule gives off a net number of --
------ ATPs
a. 4
b. 2
c. 40
d. 0
100. ARA is acetylene reductase assay which is used for
determining extent of ----------
a. Biological N fixation
b. Phosphorus availability
c. CO2 fixation
d. N mineralization
101. Humin is the recalcitrant fraction of ------------
a. Humic acid
b. Humus
c. Fulvic acid
d. Soil carbohydrates
102. The alkali extractable fraction of the humic compounds is
a. Fulvic acid
b. Humic acid
c. Humin
d. All three
103. An organism that can synthesize all its required organic
compounds from CO2 using energy from sun is a ---------
a. Photoautotroph
b. Photoheterotroph
c. Chemoautotroph
d. Chemoheterotroph
104. Structure that contains the codes for synthesis of specific
proteins produced by the cell ----------
a. Ribosomes
b. Nucleus
c. Chloroplast
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
105. The process by which both plants and animal cells obtain
energy for cellular functions
a. Digestion
b. Respiration
c. Photosynthesis
d. Fermentation
106. Which of the groups below represent the correct relationship in
order from smallest to largest _____
a. Matter- element-compound-atom-electron
b. Electron-element-atom-compound-matter
c. Element-atom- electron –matter-compound
d. Compound-electron-element-atom- -matter
107. A human cell that contains 22 autosome and a Y chromosome
must be a
a. Zygote
b. A somatic cell of female
c. A sperm cell
d. An egg cell
108. One has vascular tissue whereas other does not
a. Ferns and gymnosperms
b. Cyanobacteria & algae
c. Algae & fungi
d. Mosses and ferns
109. The organ systems that forms a communication and
coordination network throughout all parts of animal body is
known as _______
a. Digestive system
b. Respiratory system
c. Circulatory system
d. Nervous system
110. The organ system that functions in exchanging gases with the
environment is known as
a. Respiratory
b. circulatory system
c. Endocrine system
d. Nervous system
111. Which structure develop in to seed after fertilization has
occurred _______
a. Cotyledon
b. Ovule
c. Overt
d. Endosperm
112. The system that takes in food, breakdown it in to smaller
chemical units and absorbs the nutrient molecules is known as--
a. Circulatory
b. Endocrine
c. Digestive
d. Respiratory
113. One photosynthesizes whereas other does not
a. Ferns and gymnosperms ______
b. Cyanobacteria & algae
c. Algae & fungi
d. Mosses and ferns
114. One produces naked seeds whereas other produces seeds
enclosed in maternally derived tissue ______
a. Cyanobacteria & algae
b. Algae & fungi
c. Mosses and ferns
d. Gymnosperms and angiosperms
115. The plant cells Responsible for secondary growth in plants---_
a. Xylem
b. Phloem,
c. Vascular cambium
d. Mesophyll
116. The plant tissue responsible for conducting water and minerals
throughout the plant _____
a. Vascular cambium
b. Mesophyll
c. Xylem
d. Pith
117. Transporting food synthesize during photosynthesis throughout
the plant body ________
a. Phloem
b. Vascular cambium
c. Mesophyll
d. Pith
118. Structure develop in to fruit once fertilization has occurred
a. Integumentary
b. Cotyledon
c. Overt
d. Endosperm
119. The theory of evolution based on study of local, regional and
global distribution of species is ______
a. Natural selection
b. Comparative embryology
c. Molecular biology
d. Biogeography
120. Study of the genetic makeup of the species at the DNA level is
known as ---
a. Natural selection
b. Comparative embryology
c. Molecular biology
d. Biogeography
121. A tetralpoid organism would have ----
a. One copy of each
b. Two copies
c. Four copies of each chromosome
d. Two copies of a single
122. Which of the following organisms is not considered as primary
producer-----
a. Phytoplankton
b. Algae
c. Fungi
d. Cyanobacteria
123. The two fundamental processes that govern
the dynamics of an ecosystem are---
a. Solar radiation and the carbon cycle
b. Photosynthesis and respiration
c. Energy flow and chemical/nutrient cycling
d. Nitrogen and the phosphorous cycles
124. A cooperative unit of many cells with
similar form and function is known as a(n)-----
a. Tissue
b. Organ system
c. Organ
d. Cell system
125. One of plants among the following pairs is photosynthetic
while other is Saprophytic _______
d. Gymnosperms and angiosperms
e. Algae and fungi
f. Mosses and ferns
g. Ferns and gymnosperms
126. The plant tissue responsible for primary growth (growth in
length) of the plant body ______
a. Vascular cambium
b. Ground tissue
c. Apical meristem
d. Xylem
127. The plant organs responsible for the movement of sugars
made in the leaves downward through the plant _____
a. Vascular cambium
b. Ground tissue
c. Apical meristem
d. Phloem
128. The primary building blocks of a DNA molecule are ___
a. Nitrogenous bases, phosphates, and ribose sugar
b. Nitrogenous bases, phosphates, and deoxyribose sugar
c. Phosphorous bases, nitrogen, and ribose sugar
d. Phosphorous bases, nitrogen, and deoxyribose sugar
129. The cell wall is found in which Eukaryotes _____
a. Fungi
b. Algae
c. Protozoa
d. a & b
130. Ecology deals with the study of _____
a. Living beings
b. Living and non living components
c. Reciprocal relationship between living and non living
components
d. Environment
131. Autoecology deals with _____
a. Ecology of species
b. Ecology of many species
c. Ecology of community
d. All the above
132. Synecology deals with ______
a. Ecology of many species
b. Ecology of many populations
c. Ecology of community
d. None of the above
133. Ecotype is a type of species in which environmentally induced
variations are ______
a. Temporary
b. Genetically fixed
c. Genetically not related
d. None of the above
134. The pyramid of energy flow in any ecosystem is _____
a. Always upright
b. May be upright or invented
c. Always inverted
d. None of the above
135. An ecosystem must have continuous external source of
a. Minerals
b. Energy
c. Food
d. All of the above
136. The source of energy for an ecosystem is ______
a. ATP
b. Sunlight
c. D.N.A
d. R.N.A
137. Trophic levels are formed by ____
a. Only plants
b. Only animals
c. Only carnivorous
d. Organisms linked in food chain
138. Biotic potential is counteracted by ____
a. Competition with other organisms
b. Producer is the largest
c. Limitation of food supply
d. None of the above
139. Definition of ecosystem is ____
a. The community of organisms together with the
environment in which they live
b. The abiotic component of a habitat
c. The part of the earth and its atmosphere which inhibits
living organisms
d. A community of organisms interacting with one another
140. In a food chain of grassland ecosystem the top consumers are
_____
a. Herbivorous
b. Carnivorous
c. Bacteria
d. Either carnivorous or herbivorous
141. Paper chromotography is most often associated with the
separation of _____.
a. Nutritional elements
b. DNA
c. Proteins
d. Plant pigments
142. Which of the following is/are properties of water? ____
a. High specific heat
b. Strong ionic bonds
c. High freezing point
d. All of the above
143. Negatively charged particles that circle the nucleus of an atom
are called _____
a. Neutrons
b. Neutrinos
c. Electrons
d. Protons
144. A type of molecule not found in the membrane of an animal
cell is ______
a. Phospholipid
b. Protein
c. Cellulose
d. Cholesterol
145. Viruses are made of _____
a. A protein coat surrounding a nucleic acid
b. DNA, RNA, and a cell wall
c. A nucleic acid surrounding a protein coat
d. Protein surrounded by DNA
146. Which of the follow is not true of both chloroplasts and
mitochondria? ____
a. Use of the inner membrane for most of it's activity
b. Converts energy from one form to another
c. Uses an electron transport chain
d. Is an important part of the carbon cycle
147. The Law of Segregation defined by Mendel states _____
a. When sex cells form, the two alleles that determine a
trait will end up on different gametes
b. Only one of two alleles is expressed in a heterozygous
organism
c. The allele expressed is the dominant allele
d. Alleles of one trait do not affect the inheritance of
alleles on another chromosome
148. Which of the following is not a factor that effects the rate of
both photosynthesis and respiration in plants? ____
a. The concentration of NADP and FAD
b. The temperature
c. The structure of the plants
d. The availability of the different substrates
149. The process in which pollen grains are released from the
anthers is called: _____
a. Pollination
b. Fertilization
c. Blooming
d. Dispersal
150. Oxygen is given off in the: _____
a. Light reactions of photosynthesis
b. Dark reactions of photosynthesis
c. Krebs cycle
d. Reduction of NAD+ to NADH
151. Which of the following is not an abiotic factor? ____
a. Temperature
b. Rainfall
c. Soil quality
d. Bacteria
152. Which biogeochemical cycle plays the least part in
photosynthesis or cellular respiration? ____
a. Hydrogen Cycle
b. Phosphorous Cycle
c. Sulphur Cycle
d. Nitrogen Cycle
153. Genetic engineering has benefited agriculture in many ways.
Which of the following is not one of them? ___
a. Developing a bovine growth hormone to increase milk
production
b. Strains of crops have been developed to resist herbicides
c. The development of microorganisms to breakdown
toxic substances into harmless compounds
d. Genetically vaccinating plants against viral attack
154. The plant hormone responsible for fruit ripening is ____
a. Auxin.
b. Cytokinin.
c. Ethylene.
d. Gibberellin.
155. In flowering plants, sperm are produced by the ____
a. Ovary
b. Anther
c. Microsporangium
d. Generative nucleus
156. 5. Which of the following is not a type of plant stem? ____
a. Corm
b. Node
c. Rhizome
d. Tendril
157. Molecular technique PCR is meant for ---------
a. Profit to cast ratio
b. Polymerase chain reaction
c. Phosphorus to carbon ratio
d. Particulate carbon reaction
158. Which of the following is radially symmetrical and possesses
nematocysts?
a. Porifera
b. Coelenterates
c. Mollusca
d. Amphibians
159. Which of the following enzymes acts on protein?
a. Pepsin
b. Amylase
c. Maltase
d. sucrase
160. Endocrine glands
a. Secrete vitamins
b. Begin functioning in adolescence
c. Have ducts.
d. Have no ducts
161. Chemical digestion begins in the
a. Mouth.
b. Esophagus.
c. Stomach.
d. Gall bladder.
162. Lacking a digestive system, tapeworms live in the intestines of
their host is a type of relationship
a. Predator-prey
b. Commensalism
c. Mutualism
d. Parasitism
163. A cow produces milk daily after grazing in a large pasture
owned and maintained by the farmer the relationship is
a. Commensalism
b. Mutualism
c. Camouflage
d. Predator-prey
164. Which of the following organisms in the food chain has the
largest biomass?
a. Plants
b. Grasshopper
c. Mouse
d. Owl
165. Evidence validating the theory of evolution based on
Study of similarities and differences in body structures of
various species is known as
a. Biogeography
b. Natural selection
c. Comparative anatomy
d. Comparative embryology
166. The uptake of naked DNA from solution by
bacterial cells is known as
a. Transpiration
b. Translation
c. Transduction
d. Transformation
167. The conditions for sterilization in an autoclave are--
a. 110 °C for 25 minutes at 15 Ib/in2
b. 131°C for 15 minutes at 20 Ib/in2
c. 121°C for 15 minutes at 15 Ib/in2
d. 121°C for 10 minutes at 35 Ib/in2
168. Heat labile solutions such as serum and antibiotic solutions are
sterilized by --------------
a. Membrane filtration
b. HEPA filtration
c. Autoclave
d. Pasteurization
169. The time required for a cell to divide and its population to
double is called the ----------------
a. Counting time
b. Division time
c. Reproduction time
d. Generation time
170. The traditional methods of bacterial identification are based on -
----------------
a. Morphology of bacterial colony
b. Gram staining
c. Biochemical characteristics
d. All of the above
171. Transduction in bacteria was first reported by----------------
a. Zinger and Griffith, 1950
b. Zinger and Lederberg, 1952
c. Lederberg and Tatum, 1946
d. Griffith, 1928
172. Yeast are -------------- fungi a. Multicellular b. Bi-cellular c. Acellular d. Unicellular
173. Psychrophiles would be expected to grow ------------------- a) In hot springs b) On human body c) At low pH d) At refrigerated temperature
174. Heterotrophs acquire carbon from ------------- a) CO2 b) Organic compounds c) CH4 d) Carbonates
175. The mixed bacterial culture is purified to a single colony by ----
------- plate method
a. Streak
b. Pour
c. Spread
d. spot
176. Coliphages are the viruses which infect the ----------
a. Animals
b. Plants
c. Protozoa
d. Gut bacteria
177. A fertile agriculture soil may contain ------------ number of
bacteria per gram
a. 10-5
b. 10-3
c. 108
d. 10-7
178. Primary mode of action of UV radiation is to ---------
a. Produce supeoxide ions
b. Denature proteins
c. Make pyrimidine diamers
d. Break disulphide bonds
179. 60
Co is used as source of -------------------------- for sterilization
of biological materials
a. X-rays
b. Cathod rays
c. Gamma rays
d. UV rays
180. Ethylene oxide is a ----------- sterilizing agent
a. Alcoholic
b. Phenolic
c. Gaseous
d. Metallic
181. Denitrification is ------ process
a. Microaerophilic
b. Aerobic
c. Oxic
d. anoxic
182. The element taken up from air by legume plants is ------
a. Nitrogen
b. Potassium
c. Hydrogen
d. Phosphorus
183. Nitrate reductase is an ------ which converts NO3 into nitrite
a. Enzyme
b. Drug
c. Antibiotic
d. Antioxidant
184. Most bacteria produce by -------------
a. Sexual reproduction
b. Binary fission
c. Conjugation
d. Transformation
185. Viruses cannot be cultured in --------------
a. Tissue culture
b. Bird embryos
c. Live mammals
d. Tryptic soy agar
186. Substances given off by yeasts during fermentation are ---
a. Alcohol
b. Organic acids
c. Carbon dioxide
d. All of these
187. Yeast plants reproduce by -----------
a. Regeneration
b. Budding
c. Spores
d. Eggs
188. Which of the following is not a microorganism------------
a. Algae
b. Bacterium
c. Protozoan
d. Mushroom
189. Anthrax vaccine for animal disease was developed by -----
a. Loius Pasteur
b. Robert Hook
c. Edward Jenner
d. Josph Lister
190. First antibiotic Penicillin was discovered by ----------------
a. Jones Salk
b. Seleman Walksman
c. Alexander Fleming
d. R. Ross
191. A food maintenance temperature that generally will prevent
food poisoning is ------
a. Below 4 oC
b. Above 60 oC
c. Room temperature
d. Both a & b
192. Detergents are -----------------
a. High level germicides
b. Low level germicides
c. Excellent antiseptics
d. Sporicidal
193. An effective method of sterilizing heat sensitive liquid is ---
a. UV radiation
b. Exposure to ozone
c. Beta-propiolactone
d. Filtration
194. Milk is usually pasteurized by ------------
a. The high-temperature short-time method
b. Ultra-pasteurization
c. Batch method
d. Electric currents
195. Agar is a polysaccharide obtained from cell membrane of
a. Fungi
b. Red algae
c. Bacteria
d. Protozoa
196. Which infection would be categorized as a zoonosis spread by
animals --------
a. Anthrax
b. Gas gangrene
c. Diphtheria
d. Both a & b
197. Independent and one sided microbial interaction is called
a. Synergism
b. Commensalism
c. Symbiosis
d. Mutualism
198. The wastes generated from agriculture and industrial activities
are -------------------- wastes
a. Farm
b. Dairy
c. Domestic
d. Agro-industrial