Self-organization as institutional process in

urban space Made by: Dorzhi Khandaev,

Alexey Bilous

Supervisor: D.E.S. Professor Malakhovskaya M.V.

Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building ( Tomsk)

What is a self-organization? Is it necessary for people? How self-organization works in urban space? What should be as a result in self-

organization?

Two points of view to institutional process

Thorstein Bunde Veblen

Institutionalism founder, Thorstein Veblen wrote:” Evolution is accompanied by institutional processes through the selection and retention of such behaviors which better promote the survival and prosperity of the entire community. Veblen noted that social evolution is the selection process and adaptation ways of thinking under the influence of the circumstances of cooperated people. Adaptation of ways of thinking is the development of institutions”

•Douglass Cecil North Douglass North, Nobel Laureate in 1993,

says:” Institutional process is a complicated, because marginal changes may be due to changes in the rules , informal constraints in the methods and effectiveness of enforcing rules and restrictions . North calls the institutional changes , along with technological changes , the main determinants of social and economic development . Institutional change will determine how society evolve over time to understanding historical changes . In the preface to his work redactor indicates that large institutional changes occur slowly , as institutions are the result of historical changes that form individual behavior . The higher institutional uncertainty , the higher are the costs of operations “

How Russian students use their time (based on own

research)

17,00%

8,00%

5,00%

15,00%

25,00%

30,00%Sleep

Education

Computer and TV

Books

Sports

Socializing

10%

12%

8%

10%

40%

20%

Sleep

Study

Computer and TV

Books

Sports

Socializing

How USA students use their time (based on information from the bureau of the labor

statistics)

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