Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Self-regulation in Development. Children at Risk February 7, 2013. Contact: Jennifer Silvers, [email protected]. Physiological arousal. What is self-regulation?. Ability to manage…. Attention & EF. Emotions. Roadmap. Development of executive function General Sources of variability - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Self-regulation in DevelopmentSelf-regulation in Development
Children at RiskFebruary 7, 2013
Children at RiskFebruary 7, 2013
Contact: Jennifer Silvers, [email protected]
What is self-regulation?What is self-regulation?What is self-regulation?What is self-regulation?Ability to manage…Ability to manage…
Physiological Physiological arousalarousal
EmotionsEmotions
Attention & EFAttention & EF
RoadmapRoadmapRoadmapRoadmap
• Development of executive Development of executive functionfunction• General General • Sources of variabilitySources of variability
• Development of emotional Development of emotional regulationregulation• GeneralGeneral• Sources of variabilitySources of variability
Executive functionExecutive functionExecutive functionExecutive function• Inhibitory control
• Resisting habits, temptations
• Working memory
• Holding & manipulating information in mind
• Cognitive flexibility
• Ability to adjust to change
Studying EFStudying EFStudying EFStudying EFQuestionnaires
•Parent or teacher
“Does your child have trouble staying on task?”
•Participant
“Do you have trouble staying on task?”
School or other records
•GPA
•Acting out in class
Experiment with observation
•How do they respond to challenge?
Performance on Tasks
•Inhibition
•Working Memory
•Flexibility
2, 5, 7, 8, 3, 6, 4, 1
Early EF DevelopmentEarly EF DevelopmentEarly EF DevelopmentEarly EF Development•6 weeks: Can anticipate events
•8-12 mo: Means-end and searching behavior
•Surge of growth in PFC0 1.5 3
Early EF DevelopmentEarly EF DevelopmentEarly EF DevelopmentEarly EF Development•Abstract rule comprehension
•Symbolic representation and language
•Stable EF and verbal ability differences
0 1.5 3
•6 weeks: Can anticipate events
•8-12 mo: Means-end and searching behavior
•Surge of growth in PFC
Early EF DevelopmentEarly EF DevelopmentEarly EF DevelopmentEarly EF Development
•Harsh parenting
•Tools of the Mind
0 1.5 3
•Abstract rule comprehension
•Symbolic representation and language
•Stable EF and verbal ability differences
•6 weeks: Can anticipate events
•8-12 mo: Means-end and searching behavior
•Surge of growth in PFC
•Abstract rule comprehension
•Symbolic representation and language
Later EF DevelopmentLater EF DevelopmentLater EF DevelopmentLater EF Development
•SES predicts EF and language ability
•Physiological diffs
•Age 6: Achieve adult levels on some tasks
5 10-12 16-18
Later EF DevelopmentLater EF DevelopmentLater EF DevelopmentLater EF Development
10-12 16-18
•Age 10: Achieve adult levels on some flexibility and inhibition tasks
•PFC structural changes
5 10-12 16-18•SES predicts EF and language ability
•Physiological diffs
•Age 6: Achieve adult levels on some tasks
Later EF DevelopmentLater EF DevelopmentLater EF DevelopmentLater EF Development
16-18
•Inhibition, WM and processing speed still improving
•“Cold” EF develops faster than “hot” EF
•Significant variability in risky behavior
5 10-12 16-1810-12 16-18
•Age 10: Achieve adult levels on some flexibility and inhibition tasks
•PFC structural changes
•SES predicts EF and language ability
•Physiological diffs
•Age 6: Achieve adult levels on some tasks
RoadmapRoadmapRoadmapRoadmap
• Development of executive Development of executive functionfunction• General General • Sources of variabilitySources of variability
• Development of emotional Development of emotional regulationregulation• GeneralGeneral• Sources of variabilitySources of variability
Studying Emotion RegulationStudying Emotion RegulationStudying Emotion RegulationStudying Emotion RegulationQuestionnaires
•Parent/teacher/other: “Does your child get angry when told s/he has to go to bed?”
•Participant: “Do you generally keep your emotions to yourself?”
Diary and event-sampling
•Multiple entries
•“How did you handle feeling bad?”
Experiment with observation
•Physio
•fMRI: PFC vs amygdala/striatum
•Attentional deployment, self-distraction
Experiment with self-report
•“Think of yourself as reporter watching things from a distance. Focus on the facts instead of your feelings.”
Early Emotion Regulation Early Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopmentEarly Emotion Regulation Early Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopment
•Physiological regulation
•Social referencing and parent seeking behavior
•Parenting differences including abuse and psychiatric symptomology
•Temperament and expressivity differences
0 1.5 3
Early Emotion Regulation Early Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopmentEarly Emotion Regulation Early Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopment
•Increased distraction and coping
•Emotional labeling
•Culture and gender
•Lesion studies
0 1.5 3
•Physiological regulation
•Social referencing and parent seeking behavior
•Parenting differences including abuse and psychiatric symptomology
•Temperament and expressivity differences
Early Emotion Regulation Early Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopmentEarly Emotion Regulation Early Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopment
•Childcare differences•Maternal psychiatric status
•Problem behavior becomes clearer
•Enhanced self-referencing
•More complex emotions
•ToM development
0 1.5 3
•Increased distraction and coping
•Emotional labeling
•Culture and gender
•Lesion studies
•Physiological regulation
•Social referencing and parent seeking behavior
•Parenting differences including abuse and psychiatric symptomology
•Temperament and expressivity differences
Later Emotion Regulation Later Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopment
Later Emotion Regulation Later Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopment
•Parenting style
•ER and social functioning
•Can hide emotions
•Enhanced use of attentional deployment
•Metacognitive awareness of ER improves
5 ~12 ~16
Later Emotion Regulation Later Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopmentLater Emotion Regulation Later Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopment
•Delay ability predicts coping
•Anxiety disorders
•Expressive writing interventions can help
•Changing social environment
•Better EF but also more emotional lability
• Reactivity or regulation?
5 ~12 ~16~12
•Parenting style
•ER and social functioning
•Can hide emotions
•Enhanced use of attentional deployment
•Metacognitive awareness of ER improves
5
Later Emotion Regulation Later Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopmentLater Emotion Regulation Later Emotion Regulation DevelopmentDevelopment
5 ~12 ~16
•Substance use increases
•MDD increases
•Greater independence
•Increased use of cognitive regulatory strategies
•Mood stabilizes
•Delay ability predicts coping
•Anxiety disorders
•Expressive writing interventions can help
•Changing social environment
•Better EF but also more emotional lability
•Reactivity or regulation?
~12
•Parenting style
•ER and social functioning
•Can hide emotions
•Enhanced use of attentional deployment
•Metacognitive awareness of ER improves
5
