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SELF TEST & REVIEW
The Sphere Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response
5.1
INTRODUCTIONS
1. The Sphere project is a collection of different organizations’ and agencies’ unique requirements for provision of humanitarian services in several sectors.
T F
REVIEW TESTAnswer these 15 questions as well as you can, there may be more than one correct answer.
2. The Humanitarian Charter is based on the principles and provisions of international humanitarian law, international human rights law, refugee law, and the Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief.
T F
3. Check the three key principles below that are reflected in the Charter:
The right to life with dignity
Distinction between just and unjust war
The principle of non-refoulement
Distinction between combatants and non-
combatants
Access to sustained and adequate health care
Freedom of expression
Access to humanitarian space
4. Which of the following are integral to the structure of the Sphere book:
The Humanitarian Charter
Common Standards
Case-Study Examples of Humanitarian Response
Minimum Standards
Key Indicators
Key Strategies
Guidance notes
Code of Conduct
5. Examples of Sphere standards in the provision of sanitation include:
People have adequate numbers of toilets...
At least every four families have access to a latrine
People have an environment that is acceptably
uncontaminated by solid waste…
No dwelling is more than 15 meters from a refuse
container
A maximum of 20 people use each toilet
At least one 100 liter refuse container is available
per 10 families…
DOMISTAN STAR
DOMISTAN
Salt Island(protectorate of P.S.)
PACIFIC STATES
PACIFIC STATES NAVAL FLEET
SHIP FORCED BACK
DOMISTAN STAR SCENARIO
File photo
DOMISTAN STAR FACTS:
The ship captain admits illegal trafficking
First report is of 800 people living in shipping containers
Pacific States have absolutely refused landing
on the continent
Salt Island administrator is awaiting advice before allowing
landing
People have completely exhausted their food and water
reserves
People have been aboard for 3 weeks - future is uncertain
Ship’s owner demands to unload people at Salt Island
Talks are at a stalemate
PLAN
SECTION
DOMISTAN STAR DIAGRAMS
2.4
m
2.4 m
6 m
Domistan Star Shipping Containers
12 m
SMALL CONTAINER
LARGE CONTAINER
6. Use of Sphere approach in response to this situation could reasonably include:
Use of standards to advocate for migrants’ rights
Use of Charter to advocate for non-return of
passengers
Use of indicators to plan for immediate humanitarian
aid
Use of Charter to guide immediate on-board
assessment
Use of code of conduct to guide humanitarian
response in the midst of political discussion
Use of indicators to demand landing of passengers
on Salt Island
7. Which of the following are Sphere indicators that might apply in this case:
People have access to 15 liters of water p/p/d
People’s safe access to market goods and services as
producers, consumers and traders is protected
No more than 20 people per latrine
Organizations, programmes and projects that either
cannot address identified needs or are unable to
attain them make any gaps known so that others may
assist
Women, men and children from all affected groups are
regularly consulted, and are involved in monitoring
activities
8. Scurvy has been reported among the passengers by the first arriving emergency health team - this fact alone is an indicator that nutrition standards are not being met.
T F
2.4
m
2.4 m
6 m
9. First responders report that up to 20 people are sheltering in small un-insulated containers like the one shown below. Based purely on shelter space indicators, this should be adequate for the passengers until the situation is resolved.
T F
10. The passengers have been allowed to land at Salt Island. Their status as refugees, illegal migrants, or victims of illegal trafficking, however, is still uncertain. Nobody knows how long these people may have to remain on Salt Island while high-level political negotiations continue. A Pacific States - based NGO has agreed to provide food for these people until a permanent solution can be found. Which of the following indicators are correct for determining the amount and types of food to be supplied according to Sphere?
• 2100 kcal p/p/d• 1900 kcal p/p/d• 40-50% of total energy provided by protein• 10-12% of total energy provided by protein• 17% of total energy provided by fat• 27% of total energy provided by fat
11. Which of the following are Sphere indicators that might apply in this case:
People are aware of the quantity and type of ration
to be distributed
People have access to 15 liters of water p/p/d
No more than 20 people per latrine
All staff working on a food aid program are
informed of the purpose and methods of activities
they are asked to carry out
Women, men and children from the affected
population are regularly consulted, and are
involved in monitoring activities
12. Due to developments in the region, approximately 20,000 Domistani people are to be relocated to Salt Island from detention centers and other holding facilities. Your organization has been requested to develop a site plan for a “camp” to be built by the Pacific States Military Forces. Using Sphere indicators as a basic planning tool, about how big should the site be?
About 1 square kilometer
About 4 square kilometers
About 8 square kilometers
There is no indicator for overall site area per person
13. Several NGOs and UN agencies have been carrying out assessments and programming missions to Salt Island. The Sphere materials and approach might benefit this activity in which of the following ways?
Improved coordination through shared standardsRequiring inter-agency and multi-sectoral analysisHelping relate particular groups’ needs to unique standards of service as dictated by organizational mandates (refugees, children, women, elderly, for example)Providing checklists for initial assessments
14. A measles outbreak has been reported in the newly established camp at Salt Island. Which of these indicators apply?
At least 95% of children 6 months to 15 years old receive a dose of measles vaccine
Newcomers are vaccinated systematicallyAt least 95% of children from 6 months to 59 months receive a dose of vitamin AInitiation of outbreak investigation occurs within 24 hours of notification
15. Health programs are beginning for the population at Salt Island. Several new NGOs are undertaking these tasks. Which indicators below might apply to the organization of these programs.
Representatives of the Ministry of Health lead the health sector response whenever possible
Regular health sector coordination meetings are held for local and external partners at both central and field levels
Women and men from the disaster-affected, and wider local population are consulted, and are involved in decision-making ...
How well did you do?
Here are the answers.
1. The Sphere project is a collection of different organizations’ and agencies’ unique requirements for provision of humanitarian services in several sectors.
T F
QUICK PRETESTAnswer these 15 questions as well as you can, there may be more than one correct answer.
It is a collection of shared principles, standards, indicators and guidance
2. The Humanitarian Charter is based on the principles and provisions of international humanitarian law, international human rights law, refugee law, and the Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief.
T FYes, that’s true
3. Check the three key principles below that are reflected in the Charter:
The right to life with dignity
Distinction between just and unjust war
The principle of non-refoulement
Distinction between combatants and non-
combatants
Access to sustained and adequate health care
Freedom of expression
Access to humanitarian space
* Based on Human Rights, Humanitarian, and Refugee Law
4. Which of the following are integral to the structure of the Sphere book:
The Humanitarian Charter
Common Standards
Case-Study Examples of Humanitarian Response
Minimum Standards
Key Indicators
Key Strategies
Guidance notes
Code of Conduct
* It’s true – check it out.
5. Examples of Sphere standards in the provision of sanitation include:
People have adequate numbers of toilets...
At least every four families have access to a latrine
People have an environment that is acceptably
uncontaminated by solid waste…
No dwelling is more than 15 meters from a refuse
container
A maximum of 20 people use each toilet
At least one 100 liter refuse container is available
per 10 families…
* The others are INDICATORS – not STANDARDS
DOMISTAN STAR
DOMISTAN
Salt Island(protectorate of P.S.)
PACIFIC STATES
PACIFIC STATES NAVAL FLEET
SHIP FORCED BACK
DOMISTAN STAR SCENARIO
File photo
DOMISTAN STAR FACTS:
The ship captain admits illegal trafficking
First report is of 800 people living in shipping containers
Pacific States have absolutely refused landing
on the continent
Salt Island administrator is awaiting advice before allowing
landing
People have completely exhausted their food and water
reserves
People have been aboard for 3 weeks - future is uncertain
Ship’s owner demands to unload people at Salt Island
Talks are at a stalemate
PLAN
SECTION
DOMISTAN STAR DIAGRAMS
2.4
m
2.4 m
6 m
Domistan Star Shipping Containers
12 m
SMALL CONTAINER
LARGE CONTAINER
6. Use of Sphere approach in response to this situation could reasonably include:
Use of standards to advocate for migrants’ rights
Use of Charter to advocate for non-return of
passengers
Use of indicators to plan for immediate humanitarian
aid
Use of Charter to guide immediate on-board
assessment
Use of code of conduct to guide humanitarian
response in the midst of political discussion
Use of indicators to demand landing of passengers
on Salt Island
7. Which of the following are Sphere indicators that might apply in this case:
People have access to 15 liters of water p/p/d
People’s safe access to market goods and services as
producers, consumers and traders is protected
No more than 20 people per latrine
Organizations, programmes and projects that either
cannot address identified needs or are unable to
attain them make any gaps known so that others may
assist
Women, men and children from all affected groups are
regularly consulted, and are involved in monitoring
activities
8. Scurvy has been reported among the passengers by the first arriving emergency health team - this fact alone is an indicator that nutrition standards are not being met.
T FYes, that’s true, see page 138 – also pellagra, beri-beri, and riboflavin deficiencies would be considered key indicators
2.4
m
2.4 m
6 m
9. First responders report that up to 20 people are sheltering in small un-insulated containers like the one shown below. Based purely on shelter space indicators, this should be adequate for the passengers until the situation is resolved.
T FSee page 219 – area required is 3.5 m2 /person….this situation provides only 0.72 m2 /person
10. The passengers have been allowed to land at Salt Island. Their status as refugees, illegal migrants, or victims of illegal trafficking, however, is still uncertain. Nobody knows how long these people may have to remain on Salt Island while high-level political negotiations continue. A Pacific States - based NGO has agreed to provide food for these people until a permanent solution can be found. Which of the following indicators are correct for determining the amount and types of food to be supplied according to Sphere?
• 2100 kcal p/p/d• 1900 kcal p/p/d• 40-50% of total energy provided by protein• 10-12% of total energy provided by protein• 17% of total energy provided by fat• 27% of total energy provided by fatSee page 138
11. Which of the following are Sphere indicators that might apply in this case:
People are aware of the quantity and type of ration
to be distributed
People have access to 15 liters of water p/p/d
No more than 20 people per latrine
All staff working on a food aid program are
informed of the purpose and methods of activities
they are asked to carry out
Women, men and children from the affected
population are regularly consulted, and are
involved in monitoring activities
12. Due to developments in the region, approximately 20,000 Domistani people are to be relocated to Salt Island from detention centers and other holding facilities. Your organization has been requested to develop a site plan for a “camp” to be built by the Pacific States Military Forces. Using Sphere indicators as a basic planning tool, about how big should the site be?
About 1 square kilometer
About 4 square kilometers
About 8 square kilometers
There is no indicator for overall site area per person
Yes, that’s true, see page 216 – @ 45m2 / person
13. Several NGOs and UN agencies have been carrying out assessments and programming missions to Salt Island. The Sphere materials and approach might benefit this activity in which of the following ways?
Improved coordination through shared standardsRequiring inter-agency and multi-sectoral analysisHelping relate particular groups’ needs to unique standards of service as dictated by organizational mandates (refugees, children, women, elderly, for example)Providing checklists for initial assessments
14. A measles outbreak has been reported in the newly established camp at Salt Island. Which of these indicators apply?
At least 95% of children 6 months to 15 years old receive a dose of measles vaccine
Newcomers are vaccinated systematicallyAt least 95% of children from 6 months to 59 months receive a dose of vitamin AInitiation of outbreak investigation occurs within 24 hours of notification
See page 275 – measles is bad!
15. Health programs are beginning for the population at Salt Island. Several new NGOs are undertaking these tasks. Which indicators below might apply to the organization of these programs.
Representatives of the Ministry of Health lead the health sector response whenever possible
Regular health sector coordination meetings are held for local and external partners at both central and field levels
Women and men from the disaster-affected, and wider local population are consulted, and are involved in decision-making ...
How well did you really do?What have you learned this week & what do you still need to know?
![Business processes in international humanitarian aid€¦ · are; the Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response published by Sphere [15], the UN Disaster Assessment](https://img.pdfslide.net/doc/110x75/5ed6c29ed397173fdb727eb5/business-processes-in-international-humanitarian-aid-are-the-humanitarian-charter.jpg)
