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Ser and Estar
What do they mean?
To Be
Ser vs. Estar
Ser
• Ser is used when describing characteristics, origins and professions; things that will not change very often
La flor es azul.
The flower is blue, and that is a relatively permanent characteristic
Estar
Estar is used to describe location, a condition, or any thing that changes day to day.
La sopa está caliente.
The soup is hot now, but it won’t be in a few minutes.
Conjugations
SerYo soy Nosotros
somos
Tú eres Ellos, ellas son
Él, Ella es UstedesUsted
Estar
So when do you use them?
Ser
Ser is used when talking about the characteristics of a noun, or describing relatively permanent things
Instances to use Ser
• Origin• Time and Date• Characteristics• Profession• Possession• Relationships
Somos viejos.
They are old, and that isn’t going to change.
Soy de Argentina.
Estar
Estar is used to describe the location or condition of something.
Estar is used in instances that change from day to day.
When to use Estar
• Location• Health• Feelings or Opinions• Action in Progress (ing) Estoy hablando
Tú estás enferma.
Más ejemplos
Estamos en la playa.
Tú eres el hermano de Pepe.
Son las diez y diez
Tú estás en Francia.
La puerta es azul
El perro está cansado.
Las flores son amarillas.
Soy el nieto de Estela y Juan.
Están felices.
Son las diez y veintiséis.
When NOT to use ser or estar
Age Fears– I am 45 years old -I am afraid of snakes
Food Body Temperature– I am hungry -I am cold– I am thirsty
Weather– It is windy– It is sunny
*These statements use the verbs tener (to have) and hacer (to do)
In conclusion:
Ser is used for characteristics, origins and permanent descripitions
Estar is used for locations, changeable conditions and feelings that change day to day.
Ser: Permanent
Estar: Temporary
One more thing….
When talking about the location of an event, such as a party or concert, it seems logical to use estar, because it is location.
But you use Ser.
La fiesta es en la playa.
La boda es en el parque.