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Series Lecture on Laser Plasma Physics
Professor, Institute of Laser Engineering andSchool for Physics and School for Space and Earth Science,
Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan
Visiting Professor, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
H. Takabe (Aki)
at Shanghai Jiao Tong University
June 27&28, July 4&5, 2009
1
Chapter 1
Introduction
2
1.1 Self-introduction
3
4
Creation of Mimic Black Hole in LaboratoryILE OSAKA
Takabe-G: Laser Astrophysics (1)
Black Hole Experimental Data
Black Hole
Neutron Star
Photo-ionization in X-ray
Binary with Black Hole
Universe
Laboratory
Radiation Temperature of 0.5 keV has
been achieved.
5
Challenging 100 year-standing mystery of Cosmic Ray = Collisionless Shock Physics =
ILE OSAKA
Averaged Density
Self-Generated Eand B fields
Space
Shock JumpShock Front
Collisionless Shock Formation by Self-
Organization (Kato-Takabe Theory)
Density
Universe
Laboratory
SN1006
Takabe-G: Laser Astrophysics (2)
6
1.2 High-Power Laser
Maiman (1960)
Ruby Laser
7
Early Stage of Laser for Inertial Confinement Fusion in Livermore, USA
8
What is laser?
9
Laser Welding
10
Gekko XII Laser, Osaka Univ.
ILE, Osaka University
Gekko Amplifiers
Big Laser Facilities
Nonlinear Optics
Harmonic Conversion with
Nonlinear Crystal
Shorter Wavelength is better
for Laser Plasma Interaction
11
12
What is Plasma ?1.3 Plasmas
Solid Liquid Gas
Plasmas
13
14
15
1.4 Plasmas in Nature and LifeLightening
16
17
How gamma-ray appears accompanied with lightening
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19
Solar Flare
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21
Plasmas
22
Corona Mass Ejection
23
Aurora
24
Plasmas
藤井旭、「星のたんじょう」（金の星社）
1.5 Plasmas in Universe
25
26
27
28
Planetary Nebula
(Hour Glass Nebula)
Hubble Space Telescope
(NASA)
29
30
Supernova Explosion
31
Crab Nebula and Neutron Star
Quark Gluon PlasmaBefore collision After collision
中性子星
32
Structure of SunSurface：6000K
Center:1.5keV 33
Convection near the surface of the Sun
34
35
Temperature Density
36
37
38
Lorentz force and gyro motion
)( Bvv
qdt
dm
Bvqv
mc
2
m
Bqv
Bq
mv
c
cc
1.6 How to describe Plasmas
39
Drift motion
)( BvEv
qdt
dm
BB'BvEE' E
)'''('
BvEv
q
dt
dm
2EEB
0BE
vBvEE'
40
Maxwell Equations
E B
t1
0
B j 0
E
t
0E
B 0
Faraday’s Law
Ampere’s Law
Poisson Equation
Absence of Magnetic
Monopole
41
42
Hydrodynamic Equations
n
t (nu) 0
m
t u
u
1
nP q E u B
mdu
dt
1
nP q E u B
d
dt P
dV
dt
dQ
dt
Continuity
Motion
Energy
0)n(t
nii
i
u
BuEuu
iii
iiii e)Tn(
n
1
tm
0)n(t
nee
e
u
BuEuu
eee
eeee e)Tn(
n
1
tm
ei en-en=
eeii en-en= uuj
t
BE
t
10
0
EjB
E0
0 B
Ion Fluid
Electron FluidMaxwell Equations
Charge and Current Densities
Basic Equations for Plasma Fluid Model
43
44
Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906)
Suicide in 1906
S = -k ln W
Boltzmann wrote in1898 “I am conscious of being only an individual struggling weakly against the stream of time.” Increasingly subject to depressions, Boltzmann committed suicide in 1906 only shortly before Perrin’s experiment on Brownian motion (1908) and Mililan’s oil-drop experiment (1909) provided very direct evidence for the discrete structure of matter.
(Statistical Physics, Berkeley Phys. 5)P. 162
45
Boltzmann Equation
df
dtf
t
dr
dtf
r
dv
dtf
v
df
dt
coll
dr
dt v
dv
dt
F
m
f
t v
f
r
F
mf
v
df
dt
coll
f(t,r,v): Velocity distribution function
Vlasov Equation
46
From Particle Image to Fluid Image
(Particles) (Ensembles)
(Phase Space)
(Distribution Func.)
(Real Space)
(Moment Eqs.)
[CE expansion]
[Velocity moments]
(Fluid Eqs.)
[E.A.]
47
Fokker-Planck Equation
48
),,(),(),(),,(),,(1
WWWW
rtrtrtrtrt
tc
III
III
xtc
1
IIII
rrtc
)1(1 2
Radiation Transport Equation
49
Hamiltonian for N-electron system
How to solve:
MCHF, HF, Para-potential Method
OPAL at LLNL 50
Rate Equations
51
Appendix A
Historical Events
of
Plasma Physics
52
53
Appendix B
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
