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Service Strategy, New Service Development, and Technology in Services. MD254 Service Operations Professor Joy Field. Strategic Service Vision Target Market Segments. What are common characteristics of important market segments? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Service Strategy,New Service Development, and Technology in Services
MD254
Service Operations
Professor Joy Field
Strategic Service VisionTarget Market Segments
What are common characteristics of important market segments?
What dimensions can be used to segment the market (e.g. demographic, psychographic)?
How important are various segments? What needs does each have? How well are these needs being served, in
what manner, by whom?
Strategic Service VisionService Concept
What are important elements of the service to be provided, stated in terms of results produced for customers (i.e., how is value created for the customer)?
How are these elements supposed to be perceived by the target market segment, by the market in general, by employees, by others?
How do customers perceive the service concept? What efforts does this suggest in terms of the
manner in which the service is designed, delivered, marketed?
Strategic Service VisionOperating Strategy
What are important elements of the strategy: structural and managerial decisions and interfaces with other functional areas?
On which will the most effort be concentrated? Where will investments be made? How will quality and cost be controlled: measures,
incentives, rewards? What results will be expected versus competition in
terms of, quality of service, cost profile, productivity, etc.?
Strategic Service VisionService Delivery System
How is the service delivery system implemented, including: role of people, technology, equipment, layout, procedures?
What capacity does it provide, normally, at peak levels?
To what extent does the service delivery system help insure quality standards, differentiate the service from competition, provide barriers to entry by competitors?
Competitive Environment of Services
Entry Barriers Economies of Scale Sales Fluctuations Power Dealing with Buyers or Suppliers Product Substitutions for Service Customer Loyalty Exit Barriers
How do each of these factors affect the competitiveness of service firms?
Examples of Competitive Priorities
Availability (24 hour ATM) Convenience (Site location) Dependability (On-time performance) Customization (Personalization) Price (Quality surrogate) Quality (Perceptions important) Reputation (Word-of-mouth) Safety (Customer well-being) Speed (Avoid excessive waiting)
Winning Customers in the Marketplace
Service Qualifier To be taken seriously a certain level must be attained on
the competitive dimension, as defined by other market players. Examples are cleanliness for a fast food restaurant or safe aircraft for an airline.
Service Winner The competitive dimension used to make the final choice
among competitors. Example is price. Service Loser
Failure to deliver at or above the expected level for a competitive dimension. Examples are failure to repair auto (dependability), rude treatment (personalization), or late delivery of package (speed).
Competitive Role of Information in Services
Creation of barriers to entry Reservation systems Frequent use club Switching costs
Revenue generation Yield management Point of sale Expert systems
Database asset Selling information Developing services Micromarketing
Productivity enhancement Inventory status Determining relative
efficiency and productivity improvement levers
Limits in the Use of Information
Anti-competitive (e.g. barrier to entry) Fairness (e.g. yield management) Invasion of Privacy (e.g. micro-marketing) Data Security (e.g. medical records) Reliability (e.g. credit report)
Service Design Elements
Structural Delivery system: Process structure, service blueprint, strategic
positioning Facility design: Servicescapes, architecture, process flows,
layout Location: Geographic demand, site selection, location strategy Capacity planning: Strategic role, queuing models, planning
criteria Managerial
Information: Technology, scalability, use of Internet Quality: Measurement, design quality, recovery, tools, Six Sigma Service encounter: Encounter triad, culture, supply relationships,
outsourcing Managing capacity and demand: Strategies, yield management,
queue management
Customer Value Equation
Results produced for the customer Process quality Price to the customer Cost of acquiring the service
servicethe acquiring of Costs customer the to Pricequality Process customer the for produced Results
Value
Hotel Service Blueprint
Strategic Positioning through Process Structure
Degree of Complexity Measured by the number of steps in the service
blueprint. For example, a medical clinic is less complex than a general hospital.
Degree of Divergence Amount of discretion permitted the server to
customize the service. For example, a high-end vs. low-end hotel has more personalized services.
Generic Approaches to Service Design Production Line
Limit Discretion of Personnel Division of Labor Substitute Technology for People Standardize the Service (low divergence)
Customer as Co-Producer Self-Service (matching capacity with demand) Smoothing Service Demand (appointments, reservations,
waiting) Customer-Generated Content
Customer Contact Degree of Customer Contact Separation of High and Low Contact Operations Sales Opportunity and Service Delivery Options (channels)
Information Empowerment Employee empowerment Customer empowerment
Role of Technology in the Service Encounter
Technology Technology Technology
Technology Technology
Customer Customer
Server
Server
Server
Server
Server
CustomerCustomer
Customer
D. Technology-Mediated Service Encounter
E. Technology-GeneratedService Encounter
A. Technology-Free Service Encounter
B. Technology-Assisted Service Encounter
C. Technology-FacilitatedService Encounter
Technology ConvergenceEnabling E-Business
Internet Global telephone system Communications standard TCP/IP Addressing system of URLs Personal computers and cable TV Customer databases Sound and graphics User-friendly free browser
Uses for Websites
Retail channel (amazon.com) Supplemental channel (Barnes & Noble) Technical support (Dell Computer) Embellish existing service (HBS Press) Process orders (Delta Airline) Convey information (Kelly Blue Book) Communicate with membership (POMS.org) Play games (addictinggames.com)
E-Business Models
Content Provider: Reuters Direct-to-Customer: Dell Full-Service Provider: GE Supply Co. Intermediary: eBay Shared Infrastructure: SABRE Value Net Integrator: 7-Eleven Japan Virtual Community: Monster.com Whole-of-Enterprise: Government
Economics of E-Business
Sources of Revenue Transaction fees Information and advice Fees for services and commissions Advertising and listing fees Ownership of customer data
Sources of Cost Reduction Efficiencies (self-service) Scalability Network effects
Challenges of Adopting New Technologies in Services
Loss of personal attention Customer acceptance Customer skills Tradeoffs (e.g. convenience vs. cost or time) Standardization (e.g. RFID) Lack of patent protection impedes innovation