Seychelles’ Marine Spatial Plan

Seychelles’ Marine Spatial Plan

Seminar Series on Improving Impact of MPAs in the WIO Region

Nairobi Convention Secretariat, SwAM & WIOMSA

22nd Sept 2021

Helena Sims

Seychelles’ MSP Project Manager

1.35 million km2

115 islands – 455 km2

90,000 people735 species on IUCN Red List

2

Source: Google

Maps

© Joanna Smith

Inner Islands

Outer Islands

Seychelles Archipelago

Seychelles MSP Initiative 2016. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.

3

The ocean is the foundation of the economy in Seychelles. Marine planning for biodiversity, uses and address threats.

Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.

PIRACY

IUU

FISHING

Photo: Seychelles News Agency

Fisheries

TourismClimate Change

Manu San Félix/National Geographic

Blue Economy Threats

What is Marine Spatial Planning (MSP)?

A public process of analysing and allocating the spatial and temporal distribution of human activities in marine areas to achieve ecological, economic, and social objectives that are usually specified through a political process.

Ehler, C. and F. Douvere. 2009. Marine spatial planning: a step-

by-step approach toward ecosystem-based management.

UNESCO.

4Seychelles MSP Initiative. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.

Benefits of MSP

Protect habitats and species for ecosystem resilience, services and climate change adaptation

Address spatial conflicts amongst existing and future uses

Decision guidance for future activities

Improve decision making and buy-in with stakeholders

5For Discussion Purposes. Not for Distribution.

‘RIO +20’ Convention Biological Diversity

2012

Climate Change national strategies and commitments

Expand Marine Protected Areas to

30% by 2020

MARINE SPATIAL PLAN30% Marine Biodiversity Protection Goal

Advance Blue EconomyAddress Climate Change Adaptation

$21M DEBT CONVERSIONIndependent Trust created to negotiate loan and debt buy back

Low interest, long term loan and EndowmentConservation Commitments and Milestones

SEYCCAT (Trust)$151,000 per year to Endowment for $6.7M maturity

~$400,000 per year from Debt Conversion~ $350,000 per year from GoS Sovereign Blue Bond

© National Geographic

6

Blue Economy ‘Abu Dhabi’ Commitment

2014

BLUE GRANTS FUND34 Grants since 2017

$1.55 Million disbursed since 2017

$15M GoS BLUE BOND1st sovereign blue bond for ocean

Issuance with World BankNot associated with TNC

Seychelles MSP : Financing

Seychelles MSP Initiative . Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.

7

Seychelles MSP – 3 Milestones to reach 30% marine protection

0.04% 31 Dec 2013

31 Dec 2016

31 Dec 2018

31 Dec 2020

+15%

+7.5%

+7.5%

MILESTONE #1 Zone1:5%Zone2:10%

with30%iden fiedatacoarsescaleforen reEEZandTerritorialSeaiden fiedasinterimZone2

Potential areas for consideration include Industrial Fishing Exclusion Areas (approx. 9.7%),

Aldabra Group (approx. 6.5%) and > 200 m depth

MILESTONE #2 Zone1:5%Zone2:2.5%withrefiningoftheinterimzoning

Potential areas for consideration include Amirantes, Alphonse, Drop

off, Farquhar, Mahe Plateau, Coetivy, Platte, and > 200 m depth areas

MILESTONE #3 Zone1:5%Zone2:2.5%withrefiningoftheinterimzoningPotential areas for consideration include

Mahe Plateau, Platte, Farquhar

Zone 1 - High Biodiversity Protection, percent by area, by representation, shallow and deep of EEZ

Zone 2 - Medium Biodiversity Protection, percent by area, by representation, shallow and deep of EEZ

MSP

Pha

se 2

MARINEPROTECTIONMILESTONES2014-2020

19October2016

15%

22.5%

Up To 30%

MSP

Pha

se 1

Im

plem

enta

tion

Existing Marine Protected Areas

MARINE

PROTECTION

MANAGEMENT

PLANS

1 Jan 2014

SeychellesMSPIni a ve2016.Informa onispresentedfordiscussionpurposesonly.Subjecttochangeuponreviewandrevision.Subjecttogovernmentapproval.

SEYCHELLESMARINESPATIALPLANNING(MSP)INITIATIVE

2016 Milestone 1 : 15%Zone 1 - High Biodiversity 5%

Zone 2 - Med Biodiversity 10%

2018 Milestone 2 : 7.5%Zone 1 - High Biodiversity 5%

Zone 2 - Med Biodiversity 2.5%

2020 Milestone 3 : 7.5%Zone 1 - High Biodiversity 5%

Zone 2 - Med Biodiversity 2.5%

Goal: 30% marine protection

70% multiple use


Photo: Tourette Fishing

1. FISHERIES: Industrial, Semi-Industrial, Artisanal, Aquaculture, Sports & Recreational, subsistence

2. TOURISM: High Value tourism, Marine Charters

3. CONSERVATION: Marine Protected Areas, Local Conservation, Local Community

4. INFRASTRUCTURE: Ports, Shipping, Transportation, Utilities, Marinas, Services

5. ENFORCEMENT: Coast Guard, Maritime Security

6. PETROLEUM: Geophysical Surveys, Oil & Gas Exploration

7. RENEWABLE ENERGY: Offshore Wind, Solar Power

8. PUBLIC: Civil Society

8

Photo: Crew of 9G

©Jason Houston

Stakeholders


GOVERNANCE & MANAGEMENT

• Abide by National Laws, Regulations, Acts, International Agreements, Policy, Management Plans, Strategies, Action Plans

• Transparency, Inclusivity, Participation

• Integration, Co-management

• Environmental Stewardship

• Equity, Sustainable Development

APPROACH & PRACTICE

• Use Ecosystem-Based Management

• Use Precautionary Principle

• Balance ecological, economic, social and cultural objectives

• Feasible, Practical, Implementable,

• Financially Sustainable

• Adaptable, Dynamic

• Relevant Temporal and Spatial Scales

Develop Guiding PrinciplesDecisions Developed in 2014-2015 by Technical Working Groups. Reviewed and endorsed by Steering Committee and stakeholder workshops

Seychelles Stakeholder Workshops 2014-2015Seychelles MSP Technical Working Group 2015

9

Photo by Manu San Félix/National Geographic, shot during the Pristine Seas expedition to Seychelles, March 2015.


Government of SeychellesSMSP Lead: Ministry of Agriculture, Climate Change, and Environment (MACCE)

EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT

MSP Executive Committee (EC)Co-Chairs: Minister Joubert, Ministry Agriculture, Climate Change, and Environment

(MACCE) and Minister Ferrari, Ministry Fisheries and Blue Economy (MFBE)EC Members: Ministries, Authorities, Agencies, Parastatal

Seychelles MSP Initiative - Process and Decision-making Framework

MSP Steering Committee (SC)Co-Chairs: PS Environment and PS Climate Change (MACCE)

SC Members: Authorities, Agencies, Principal Secretaries, Parastatal, and Technical Working Group Chairs

RECOMMENDATIONS TO EC & MSP OUTPUTS

MSP Core Team

Technical and AdminMACCE, TNC

MSP Science & Process LeadJoanna Smith, Ph.D., TNC

MSP Data CustodianJustin Prosper, MACCE

GIS & Spatial Analysis Rick Tingey, Spatial Support Systems

MSP Project ManagerHelena Sims, TNC

June 2021

TECHNICAL WORK& ADVICE

Technical Working Groups (TWG)

EnergyFinanceFisheries

Marine EcologicalMaritime Safety & Security

Terrestrial EcologyTourism

Public Workshops

Other Consultations and Experts

TNC Project DirectorAfrica Oceans Strategy Lead

Seychelles MSP : Knowledge Based

FISHERIES

Domestic FishingIndustrial Fishing

Sport FishingMariculture

Participatory Mapping

TOURISM & RECREATION

Marine ChartersDiving, Snorkeling

ViewpointsAccommodation


INDUSTRIAL &PUBLIC UTILITIES

Ferries & ShippingIMO Marine Highways

Ports & MarinasRenewable Energy


NON-RENEWABLERESOURCES

Licensed BlocksLow Gravity Areas

Seismic SurveysSand Mining


BIODIVERSITYFEATURES

Benthic geology174 “features”

WIOMER Areas of ImportanceBirdLife Important Areas


Sources: British Admiralty Charts; Fishing Boat Owners Association 2018; Halpern et al. 2006; Harris et al. 2014; Klaus 2015; IMaRS-USF 2005; IMaRS-USF and IRD 2005; Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change 2019; Ministry Land Use and Housing 2014; Ministry of Tourism and Culture 2014; PetroSeychelles 2019; Seychelles Fishing Authority 2018; Seychelles National Park Authority 2014; Seychelles Port Authority 2014; Seychelles Sport Fishing Club 2014; Seychelles Hoteliers Association 2014; Spalding, et al. 2001; The Nature Conservancy 2014; UNEP-WCMC, WorldFish Centre, WRI and TNC. 2010; see also UNDP 2015 for full citations.

Over 100 layers in data catalogue

11Seychelles MSP Initiative . Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.

SHALLOW

< 200 M depth1 km2

DEEP

> 200 M depth50 km2

12

Planning Unit Approach to Develop Zoning Design


• Adaptable framework• Participatory Mapping• Attribute all data to PU• Add new data• Revise spatial products• Build Decision-Support

Tools • Create data summaries

and statistics• Build and modify

zoning design• Run Marxan and

Marxan with Zones


Deep Seafloor Geomorphology

Photo © Trek Divers Seychelles

Photo © NEKTON

Spatio-temporal Analyses for Industrial Fishing



Zone 1

High Biodiversity Protection

Seychelles MSP: Zoning Framework


To allocate 15% of the EEZ to provide high protection for marine biodiversity goals, by representative habitats and species.

To allocate 15% of the EEZ to provide medium protection for biodiversity goals, by representative species and habitats, and allow economic opportunities for sustainable uses.

To allocate 70% of the EEZ to maximise economic opportunities and Blue Economy in Seychelles.

Zone 2

Medium Biodiversity Protection

Zone 3

Multiple Use

15Seychelles MSP Initiative 2017. Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.

16

Stakeholder Consultations 2014-2019

Seychelles MSP Initiative . Information is presented for discussion purposes only. Subject to change upon review and revision.

Go to: www.seymsp.com

SMSP Milestone 1 and Milestone 2

Territorial sea waters are “Interim Zone 2

Zone 1 and Zone 2 are 208,365 Km2 (15%)


DRAFT Allowable Activities Tables and Management Considerations

Coordinates gazetted under National Park and Nature Conservancy Act (NPNCA)

Zone 1: 136,169 km2(5.3%)Zone 2: 74,400 km2 (10.1%)

Zone 1 and Zone 2 are 350,915 Km2, additional 11% = 26%

Zone 1: 177,447 km2 (13.1%)Zone 2: 173,468 km2 (12.8%)

2019

Mauritius

Ile Tromelin

Glorioso Islands

Mayotte

Comoro Islands

Madagascar

Tanzania

Kenya

Somalia

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Aldabra AtollUNESCO

World Heritage Site

Fortune

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EQUATOR

Seychelles - Maurit ius Jo in t Management Area

6

1 3

1 3

6 6

6 1

60°E

60°E

55°E

55°E

50°E

50°E

45°E

45°E0°

0°

5°S

5°S

10°S

10°S

Draft Zoning Design

Version 4.3, M ilestone 2

24 Oct ober 2018

SEYCH ELLES'

EEZ

I N D I A N

O C E A N

A S I A

A F R I C A

A REA O F M A P D ETA I L

Eq u a t o r

FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSES ONLY

Prepared for : Seychelles MSP

Prepared on: 24 Oct 2018

Prepared by: Spatial Support Systems, LLCScale: 1:9,100,000

Map projection: Cylindr ical Equal Area

Datum: WGS84

Data Sources: Seychelles Government , MEECC Geodatabase,

The Nature Conservancy, ESRI

0 250125 Km

Fishing by Foreign Vessels Prohibited

Seychelles' Exclusive Economic Zone

Other Exclusive Economic Zone

200m Depth Contour

Pr o p o se d Zo n e s

Zone 1

Zone 2

Milestone 2

(Area 13)

(Area 6)

12 nautical miles; est imated

High Seas

Marine Protected Areas

Port of Victoria Boundary

2018 2019

SMSP Milestone 3 - March 2020


13 Areas:5 Zone 18 Zone 2

Zone 1 and Zone 2 = 30%

DRAFT Allowable Activities and Management Considerations

Coordinates gazettedunder National Park and Nature Conservancy Act (NPNCA)

Zone 1: 203,071 km2

Zone 2: 238,442 km2

19

Other ongoing MSP Activities


• MSP Costing Analysis- to be updated

• MSP Governance Framework for implementation

• MSP Policy- endorsed

• Pilot Electronic- Monitoring (EM) project /FAD MP

• Socio-economic Impact Analyses

• Climate Risk Mapping using SST & Chlorophyll a/NDC & BC

• Ecosystem Services Evaluation

• Management framework, plans & regulations for Areas Gazetted

• Marine Plan Document

• Implementation Plan document

Transition Planning to Implementation

Finalise MarineSpatial Plan

(entire EEZ)

Allowable Activities Tables

MSP Document

Zone 3 Management Considerations

Public Review

Plan endorsed

Plan Gazetted

Implementation

Plan

Governance

Management Framework

Management Plans

Regulations

MCS

Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)

SMART Indicators

Review Process

Management Effectiveness

Reporting requirements

20

• Comprehensive, multi-sector marine spatial plan implemented 2021+

• Actively managed marine protections – 400,000 km2

• Governance mechanism to implement MSP across 1.35 million km2

• Long-term monitoring for indicators climate threats underway

• Decision-making framework for all future sustainable economic development

photo

Mahé

Silhouette

Coëtivy

La Digue

Desroches

Darros

Alphonse

Poivre

St Joseph

Platte

Marie-Louise

Desnoeufs

Remire

St Francois

Boudeuse

Bijoutier

Etoile

A d e l a i d e

B a n kA m i r a n t e B a s i n

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Amirantes Group

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57°E

56°30'E

56°30'E

56°E

56°E

55°30'E

55°30'E

55°E

55°E

54°30'E

54°30'E

54°E

54°E

53°30'E

53°30'E

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53°E

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4°3

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6°S

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6°3

0'S

7°S

7°S

7°3

0'S

7°3

0'S

FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSES ONLY

Prepared for : Seychelles MSP

Prepared on: 3 May 2018Prepared by: Spatial Support Systems, LLC

Scale: 1:2,250,000

Map projection: UTM Zone 39s, WGS 84

Data Sources: Seychelles Government , MEEC Geodatabase,

The Nature Conservancy, ESRI

Am iran t es Basin

0 6030 Km

Marine Protected Areas

Petroleum Exploration License Area

Port of Victor ia Boundary

Voluntary Petroleum Exclusion Zone

Se y ch e l l e s' EEZSe y ch e l l e s' EEZ

M a d a ga sca rM a d a ga sca r

AREA OF M AP DETAI L

Eq u a t o rEq u a t o r

Territorial Sea

(12 naut ical miles; estimated)

Fishing by Foreign Vessels Prohibited

200m Depth Contour

Area to be Avoided (Mahé Plateau)

Expected Outcomes by 2025

Sustainable development of oceans for today and future

generations.

Thank you for listening!

Questions?

www.seymsp.com

Contact for more information: Ms. Helena Sims email: [email protected]

Dr. Joanna Smith email: [email protected]

Documents

Seychelles’ Marine Spatial Plan