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8/2/2019 Shafiq Job Stress in Organization at State Bank of Pakistan
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
Project Report
On
Job Stress in Organization Emphasis onEmployees at State Bank of Pakistan (SBP)
Submitted by:
Muhammad Shafique
Submitted on:06-03-2012
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
Table of contents
Title Page#
Abstract 3
Introduction1-1. Background of the study1-2. Introduction of the SBP1-3. Problem statement1-4. Research Objectives1-5. Significance of the research
4--5
Literature review2-1. Introduction2-2. Stress
2-3. Occupational stress2-4. Factors of stress2-5. Effects of job stress2-6. Stress in Banks
6--9
Research Methodology3-1. Research design &
methodology3-1.1. Scope3-1.2. Sampling
3-2. Data collection & analysis
10—11
Findings and Analysis 12--15
Conclusion 16
Recommendations 17
References 18
Abstract
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
Bankers are under a great deal of stress and due to many past history of stress such
as Overload, Role ambiguity, Role conflict, Responsibility for others, Lack of
feedback, Keeping up with rapid technological change.
During the past decade, banking sector had undergone rapid and striking changes
like policy changes due to globalization and liberalization, increased competition due
to entrance of more private corporate sector bank, downsizing, introduction of new
technologies etc. due to these changes the employees in banking are experiencing
high level of stress. One of the final outcome stresses is job performance.
The main purpose of the research is to find whether the employees feel work-stress
under the working conditions of State Bank of Pakistan? If there exists job stress,
than to which extent? The basic objective is to understand job stress and its nature,
causes symptoms of stress in SBP.
This study examines the relationship between job stress and job performance on
bank employees of banking sector. This research is basically exploratory and
qualitative in nature.
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
Introduction
1-1. Background of the Study:
The nature of work has gone through huge changes over the last centuries and is
still changing at a rapid speed. They have touched almost every profession.
With the change comes stress. Job stresses in the life of workers, affects health
of organization.
The main reason for conducting this research is to find stress and to identify all
common factors which may leads to employee work stress. Our area of
concern is the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP).
1-2. Introduction of the state bank of Pakistan:
In May, 1948 Muhammad Ali Jinnah (Founder of Pakistan) took steps to establish
the State Bank of Pakistan. These steps implemented in June 1948, and the State
Bank of Pakistan commenced operation on July 1, 1948. The State Bank of Pakistan’
mission is to promote monetary and financial stability and promote a sound and
dynamic financial system, so as to achieve sustained and equitable economic growth
and prosperity in Pakistan. Its primary functions include issue of notes, regulation of
the financial system, lender of the last resort, and conduct of monetary policy. SBP
secondary functions include the management of public debt, management of foreign
exchange, advising the Government on policy matters, anchoring payments system,
and maintaining close relationships with international financial institutions.
1-3. Problem Statement
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
Job stress is a common work-place problem experienced by all professionals
irrespective of their nature of work.
As part of this study, we want to study the main factors associated to job stress in
State Bank of Pakistan. In this study we want to address:
Do the employees feel work-stress under the working conditions of SBP?
If there is job stress exists, than to which extent?
• There may be various causes of job stress
1-4. Research Objectives
The purpose of this research study is to test the association of the independent
variables (role conflict, role overload, role ambiguity, interpersonal conflict,
career development, physical working condition) with the dependent variable
that is stress.
The basic questions we want to investigate in this research study are as follows:
To analyzes different causes of stress in SBP.
To observes or identify different symptoms of work stress in SBP.
To evaluates the impact of stress on occupational performance.
The basic objective is to understand the job stress and its nature.
Understand theoretical view point of stress.
How it has affected employees in SBP.
1-5. Significance of the this research
• This paper will certainly add value to the existing knowledge base and
simultaneously give us ability and motivation to indulge in further advance
researches in the field of management sciences.
• This study will help the managers to understand their workforce.
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
LITERATURE REVIEW
2-1. Introduction
In today's world probability are that our environment is probably fast-paced (at least
more so than it has previously been) and as such stress is an ever-present
opportunity just waiting around the corner. No matter to which occupation we belong
to, the advancement in new technology has resulted in a hectic situation.
2-2. Stress
Stress is a growing organizational problem in the current society. Competing with
stressful situations in the workplace is a common incidence for all employees mainly
in a service industry. Hans Selye was one of the fathers of stress research. His
vision was that stress is not essentially something bad – it all depends on how you
take it. The stress of exciting, creative successful work is useful, while that of failure,
shame or infection is harmful. Selye believed that the effects of stress would bepracticed irrespective of the situation positive or negative. A great deal of further
research has been conducted, and views have moved on. Stress is now viewed as a
"bad thing", with a range of harmful l and long-term effects. These effects have
seldom been found in positive situations.
2-3. Organizational Stress
Stress at work is a moderately new phenomenon of present lifestyles. The nature of
work has gone through strong changes over the last century and it is still changing at
rapidly speed they have touched almost all professions. Occupational stress or job
stress poses a threat to physical health. Working at job related stress in the life of
organized workers, as a result, affects the health of organizations. (Sanyo Moosa,
2009)
Stress exists in every organization either big or small the work places and
organizations have become so much complex due to which it exists, work place
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
stress has significant effects over the employees job performance, (R. Anderson,
2003)
At work place stress is becoming a major anxiety for employers, managers and
government agencies, owing to the Occupational Health and Safety legislationsrequiring employers to practice ‘duty of care’ by providing employees with safe
working environments which also cover the psychological wellbeing of their staff.
(Lisa, 2010)
2-4. Factors of Stress
Job stress results from the poor interaction of the worker & the conditions of work
and Differences in individual characteristics such as personality and cope certain job
conditions. A person's position in the workplace can also affect levels of stress. While
place of work stress has the potential to affect employees of all categories; those
who have very little influence to those who make major decisions for the company.
However, less powerful employees are more likely to
Economic factors that employees are facing to increased stress levels. (Primm,
2005), economic factors that may lead to workplace stress are the following:
• Stress from investors, who can quickly take out their money from company
stocks.
• The lack of employment and professional unions in the workplace.
Each profession has its own unique factors that may cause stress; causes of many
other professions are giving below:
• Increased workload
• Organizational changes
• High demands
• Lack of support
• Personal and family issues
• Poor work organization
• Lack of training
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
• Long or difficult hours
• Inadequate staff numbers and resources
• Poor management communication
• Lack of control or input
2-5. Effects of Job Stress
Occupational stress may produce both psychological and physiologic disorders. It
can affect personal well-being and productivity (Quick et al, 1992).
Occupational stress may result into health problem and it can be a major reason for
the economic loss. It may be cause psychological as well as physiological disabilities
(Sandeep Kumar Lath)
There may be different effects of stress. Stress can be both positive and negative. It
depends on the individual that how do he/she react to the situation. The positive
stress can help you to energize in order to get your goals on time. Stress can bebeneficial to you if you do not take it on your nerves. (Jeff foster, 2010)
The negative outcomes of stress have been recognized as financially costly.
Negative outcomes of job stress among individuals include illness, decline in overall
quality of work, job dissatisfaction, bunking off, and staff turnover (Schwab). Tension
is created when the demands of the job or the job situation exceeds the capacity of
the person to respond successfully. (M.A Khan et al ), (2007)
2-6. Stress in Banks
The advent of technological changes has changed the working style of the bank
employees. Globalization and privatization has led the banking sector to modify their
policies in order to cope with the environment. (Jeff foster, 2010)
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
Many people working in banking and finance sector believe that stress is a powerful
instrument for their work and over and over again take steps to control it when they
feel the effects of overload stress. At place of work stress is the harmful physical and
emotional reaction that occurs when there is a poor match between job demands
and the capabilities, resources, or needs of the worker. (Larson et al )
The banking sector has improved a lot with the changing environment. The working
conditions of banks have changed a lot due to privatization, globalization and
atomization. The workload of employees has greater than before and due to this
increased work pressure the employees feel themselves under job-stress.
(Michailidis M, Georgiou Y),
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3-1. Research Design and Methodology
It would be an exploratory, qualitative and quantitative research and we will use both
the quantitative and qualitative approach to analyze data and find out the association
/ relationship between stress and the factors affecting it.
3-1.1 Scope
The scope of this study needs to be defined in two horizons.
Geographic: The scope of this research would be limited to Head-office of SBP
(Karachi).
Time horizon: this study will take about duration of 8 months from April 2010 to
November 2010.
3-1.2 Sampling
• Total population of the employees at SBP is 2200 employees.
• A total of 60 employees out of which 15 employees will be from top
management, 15 employees will be selected from middle management and 30
employees will be selected from lower level.
• The sampling method will be probability sampling that is based on random
selection of employees.
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
3-2. Data Collection and Analysis
The questions will be Structured and close-ended type and respondents will be
asked to mark the appropriate box matching the correct answer.
Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, both the techniques would be used to
analyze, interpret and represent the data.
The responses to the structured close-ended questions will be rated and presented
through graphs, charts etc. MS Excel will also be used in the research.
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
1. How often do you feel that your workload is too heavy and that you could
not possibly finish during the ordinary workday?
Scale Rating 1 2 3 4 5
Employee # 5 23 30 2 0
The above sub divided bar chart shows that 5 out of 60 means that 8% employee feel that
never their workload is too heavy and that that could not possibly finish during the ordinary
workday. Whereas 23 means 38.3% employee seldom feel, that workload is too heavy and
that they could not possibly finish during the ordinary workday. 30 means 50% employees
feel that sometimes workload is too heavy and that they could not possibly finish during the
ordinary workday. 2 out of 60 means 3.3% feel that often workload is too heavy and that you
could not possibly finish during the ordinary workday. In addition, none of the employee saidthat they the entire time feel that your workload is too heavy and that you could not possibly
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
finish during the ordinary workday. It means that mostly of the employees sometimes think
that workload is too heavy and that they could not possibly finish during the ordinary
workday.
2. How often do you feel that you will not be able to satisfy the conflicting
demands of various people around you?
Scale Rating 1 2 3 4 5
Employee # 2 26 22 10 0
The above sub dividend bar chart shows that 2 out of 60 means that 3.3% employee never feel that
they will not be able to satisfy the conflicting demands of various people around them. Whereas 26
means 43.3% employee seldom feel that they will not be able to satisfy the conflicting demands of
various people around them. 22 means 36.6% or 37% employees feel that sometimes that will not be
able to satisfy the conflicting demands of various people around them. 10 out of 60 means 16.6% or
17% often feel that they will not be able to satisfy the conflicting demands of various people around
you them In addition, none of the employee said that they all the time feel that they will not be able to
satisfy the conflicting demands of various people around them. It means that mostly infrequently the
employees feel that you will not be able to satisfy the conflicting demands of various people around
them.
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
3. How often do you feel that the job causes you the physical disorders? (Like
headache backache & anxiety….etc.)
Scale Rating 1 2 3 4 5
Employee # 6 25 19 10 0
The above sub divided bar chart shows that 6 out of 60 mean that 10% employee never feel
that the job causes them the physical disorders (like headache, backache, anxiety….etc).
Whereas 25 means 42% employees seldom worry feel that the job causes them the physical
disorders (like headache, backache, anxiety….etc). 19 means 32% employees sometimes
feel that the job causes them the physical disorders (like headache, backache,anxiety….etc). 10 out of 60 means 16% often worry feel that the job causes them the
physical disorders (like headache, backache, anxiety….etc).In addition, none of the
employee said that they feel that the job causes them the physical disorders (like headache,
backache, anxiety….etc).It means that most employee does not frequently feel that the job
causes them the physical disorders (like headache, backache, anxiety….etc).
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
4. How often do you think the amount of salary you are getting is not
satisfactory?
Scale Rating 1 2 3 4 5
Employee # 5 20 24 11 0
The above sub divided bar chart shows that 5 out of 60 means that 8% employee never think
that the amount of salary they are getting is not satisfactory. Whereas 20 means 33%
employee seldom think that the amount of salary they are getting is not satisfactory. 24
means 40% employees sometimes worry think that the amount of salary they are getting is
not satisfactory. 11 out of 60 means 19% often think that the amount of salary they are
getting is not satisfactory. In addition, none of the employee said that they think that the
amount of salary they are getting is not satisfactory. It means that most employee frequently
think that the amount of salary they are getting is satisfactory.
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
CONCLUSION
The productivity of banks depends on the employees of the organization. The
psychologically healthy employees lead to the progress of the organization.
Organizational stress and the workplace health have been the issue of major
concerns over last decade.
The purpose of this research was to identify the existence of stress among the
employees of State Bank of Pakistan. Stress level is very low among employees in
the State Bank of Pakistan in terms of our scale of measurement.
The literature reviews helped to identify some major factors that can help to know
whether the employees at the State Bank of Pakistan feel stress or not. The
employees at the State Bank of Pakistan are clear about their responsibilities and job
duties.
Workload can be one of the reasons for the workplace stress. The employees at
State Bank of Pakistan seldom feel workload when they find an ordinary work day
not enough to complete their heavy tasks.
The employees at State Bank of Pakistan are satisfied with the workplace
environment of the bank. Dangerous and unwelcome environments can place
pressure on workers and increase work stress.
The employees at the State Bank of Pakistan are satisfied with the salary they are
getting. Salary stress can make any one loose sleep, be restless and make anyone
very unhappy person. That’s why salary should be satisfactory.
Job satisfaction is the key element for a successful employee performance. The
employees of State Bank of Pakistan are satisfied with their job performance. This
shows that the management of State Bank of Pakistan is effective in managing its
employee's performance.
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
RECOMMENDATIONS
As the conclusion suggested that the employees in the State Bank of Pakistan do notfeel any major sort of work stress. We recommend that that the management of
State Bank of Pakistan should continue their stress management practices as they
have been doing it. The management of State Bank of Pakistan should take active
part in making stress management training programs for their employees.
On behalf of this research, we will recommend other organizations as well to reduce
the workplace stress of employees and should organize stress management
programs for the employees. The management should:
• Undertake stress audit at all levels in the organization to identify stress area
improving conditions of job and alleviating job stress.
• Encourage open channel of communication to deal work related stress.
• Formulate individual stress alleviation program.
•
Give attractive system of reward and recognition of good work.• Encourage the cross-functional and interdepartmental work arrangements to
reduce work related stress among low performers and low achievers.
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Job Stress in Organization in State Bank of Pakistan
REFERENCE LIST
• Aldag R.J., Barr S.H., and Brief A.P. (1981) Measurement of perceived task
characteristics. Psychological Bulletin, 90:415-431.
• Jan Schuijer. (1992) 'banks under stress', OECD Observer, Vol. a, 1992.
Questia [online]. Available at: http://www.questia.com/google.scholar (accessed:
10 April, 2010)
• Jeff Foster (26 Feb, 2010) Stress in the Workplace. Available at:
http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Jeff_Foster (accessed: 10th
April 2010)
• Ahmed, S. Nurala, B.S. (1985). "A Study of Stress among executives."
Journal of personality and clinical studies,Vol.1, No (2), pp.47-50.
• http://www.sbp.org.pk/
• http://www.stress.org/job.htm
• http://helpguide.org/mental/work_stress_management.htm
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