Shapes1.pdf

2014140544 / YUNAN MUBARAK RAMADANI / 01TPLPC / 603

2014

SHAPES BAHASA INGGRIS I

ARY SATRIA KUSUMA

List of Geometric Shapes - Triangles SHAPES / BAHASA INGGRIS I / ARY SATRIA KUSUMA


List of Geometric Shapes - Triangles

Equilateral

Triangle

Equilateral triangles have all angles equal

to 60°, and all sides equal length.

All equilateral triangles have 3 lines of

symmetry.

Isoscles Triangle

Isosceles triangles have 2 angles equal

and 2 sides of equal length.

All isosceles triangles have a line of

symmetry.

Scalene Triangle

Scalene triangles have no angles equal,

and no sides of equal length.

Right Triangle

Right triangles (or right angled triangles)

have one right angle (equal to 90°).

Obtuse Triangle

Obtuse triangles have one obtuse angle

(an angle greater than 90°). The other

two angles are acute (less than 90°).

Acute Triangle

Acute triangles have all angles acute.

List of Geometric Shapes - Quadrilaterals SHAPES / BAHASA INGGRIS I / ARY SATRIA KUSUMA


List of Geometric Shapes – Quadrilaterals A quadrilateral is a polygon with 4 sides.

There are quite a few members of the quadrilateral family. There are also some members which

are a subset of other members of this family!

See below if this confuses you!

Square

Squares have 4 equal sides and 4

right angles.

They have 4 lines of symmetry.

All squares belong to the rectangle

family.

All squares belong to the rhombus

family.

All squares are also parallelograms.

Rectangle

Rectangles have 4 sides and 4 right

angles.

They all have 2 lines of symmetry (4

lines if they are also a square!)

All rectangles belong to the

parallelogram family.

Rhombus

Rhombuses (rhombii) have 4 equal

sides.

Both pairs of opposite sides are

parallel.

They all have 2 lines of symmetry (4

lines if they are a square!)

All rhombuses belong to the

parallelogram family.

Parallelogram

Parallelograms have 2 pairs of

parallel sides.

Some parallelograms have lines of

symmetry (depending on whether

they are also squares, rectangles or

rhombuses), but most do not.

Trapezoid US

(Trapezium UK)

Trapezoids US (Trapeziums UK)

have one pair of parallel sides.

Some trapezoids have a line of

symmetry.

Please note the differences between

the definitions for US and UK.

Kite

Kites have 2 pairs of equal sides

which are adjacent to each other.

Trapezium US

(Trapezoid UK)

Trapeziums US (Trapezoids UK) are

quadrilaterals with no parallel sides.

Please note the differences between

the definitions for US and UK.

Regular and Irregular Polygons SHAPES / BAHASA INGGRIS I / ARY SATRIA KUSUMA


Regular and Irregular Polygons Here is a list of regular polygons from 3 to 10 sides.

For each polygon, a regular and an irregular example have been shown.

Any regular shape will be mathematically similar to the example shown (having the same angles).

There are an infinite number of examples of different irregular polygons that could be shown,

and only one example is given.

Equilateral Triangle

Angle: 60°

Interior angles add up to 180°

Irregular Triangle

Square

Angle: 90°


Irregular Quadrilateral

Pentagon

Angle: 108°


Irregular Pentagon

Hexagon

Angle: 120°


Irregular Hexagon

Regular and Irregular Polygons SHAPES / BAHASA INGGRIS I / ARY SATRIA KUSUMA


Heptagon

Angle: 128.6°


Irregular Heptagon

Octagon

Angle: 135°


Irregular Octagon

Nonagon

Angle: 140°


Irregular Nonagon

Decagon

Angle: 144°


Irregular Decagon

List of Geometrics Shapes - 3D Shapes SHAPES / BAHASA INGGRIS I / ARY SATRIA KUSUMA


List of Geometrics Shapes - 3D Shapes Here are some common 3D shapes that you should know.

Along with a picture of each shape, the number of faces, edges and vertices are also given.

Common properties of the 3D shapes are also given.

Cube

Cubes have 6 faces, 12 edges

and 8 vertices.

All sides on a cube are equal

length.

All faces are square in shape.

A cube is a type of cuboid.

Cuboid

Cuboids have 6 faces, 12

edges and 8 vertices.

All the faces on a cuboid are

rectangular.

Sphere

Spheres have 1 curved face, 0

edges and 0 vertices.

Cylinder

Closed Cylinders have 3

faces, 2 edges and 0 vertices.

Closed cylinders have 2

circular or elliptical faces and

one curved rectangular face.

Cone

Cones have 2 faces, 1 edge

and 1 apex (which is

described by some

mathematicians as a vertex).

List of Geometrics Shapes - 3D Shapes SHAPES / BAHASA INGGRIS I / ARY SATRIA KUSUMA


Triangular Prism

Triangular Prisms have 5

faces, 9 edges, and 6 vertices.

The two faces at either end

are triangles, and the rest of

the faces are rectangular.

Hexagonal Prism

Hexagonal Prisms have 8

faces, 18 edges, and 12

vertices.

The two faces at either end

are hexagons, and the rest of

the faces are rectangular.

Triangular-based

Pyramid

Triangular-based pyramids

have 4 faces, 6 edges and 4

vertices.

The base is a triangle. All of

the faces are triangular.

If the triangular faces making

up the prism are all

equilateral, then the shape is

also called a Tetrahedron.

Square-based

Pyramid

Square based pyramids have

5 faces, 8 edges and 5 vertices

The base is a square. All the

other faces are triangular.

Hexagonal Pyramid

Hexagonal pyramids have 7

faces, 12 edges, and 7

vertices.

The base is a hexagon. All of

the other faces are triangular.

The 5 Platonic Solids SHAPES / BAHASA INGGRIS I / ARY SATRIA KUSUMA


The 5 Platonic Solids The platonic solids form a set of 5 polyhedra with the following special properties:

the faces of the platonic solids have to be regular and congruent.

the same number of faces meet at each vertex.

They are named after the Greek philosopher Plato who wrote about them in his philosophical

discussions.

There are only 5 platonic solids:

Regular tetrahedron

Cube or regular hexahedron

Regular octahedron

Regular dodecahedron

Regular icosahedron

Tetrahedron

A Tetrahedrons is the same as a

triangular pyramid.

They have 4 triangular faces, 6 edges

and 4 vertices.

A regular tetrahedron has equilateral

triangles for its faces, and is one of

the 5 platonic solids.

Cube (regular

hexahedron)

Cubes have 6 faces, 12 edges and 8

vertices.

All sides on a cube are equal length.

All faces are square in shape.

A cube is a type of cuboid and is one

of the 5 platonic solids.

Octahedron

Octahedrons are a shape with 8 faces,

12 edges and 6 vertices.

A regular octahedron has equilateral

triangles for its faces, and is one of


Dodecahedron

Dodecahedrons are a shape with 12


A regular dodecahedron has regular

pentagons for its faces, and is one of


Icosahedron

Icosahedron are a shape with 20


All the faces are triangles.

A regular icosahedron is one of the 5

platonic solids with all faces being

equilateral triangles.

References SHAPES / BAHASA INGGRIS I / ARY SATRIA KUSUMA


References

Math Salamanders Limited. 2014. List of Geometric Shapes. Accessed April 21, 2014 http://www.math-salamanders.com/list-of-geometric-shapes.html.

Documents

Shapes1.pdf