Ships of the Future

ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems1

Ships of the Future

September 5, 2012

Peter Hauschildt, Wolfgang Sichermann


Ships of the Future

How will modern navies succeed in maintaining or even enhancing

their capabilities under shrinking budgets?

Ships of the Future – Our Focus:

Naval systems designed today to meet future capability requirements


Ships of the Future

Outline

• Main Trends and Design Drivers

• Challenges and Ways Out

• New technologies for Surface Ships and Submarines

• Summary and Conclusion


Main Trends & Design Drivers

• Increase in use of the maritime environment: sea trade, resources, coastal population.

• Asymmetric conflicts will equally drive designs alongside the traditional symmetric threats.

• Navies have to take care of new missions.

• Increased interoperability at fleet and force level.

• Personnel recruitment – qualitatively and quantitatively – training, and retention makes creative approaches necessary.

• Combat loss is regarded less and less acceptable.

• Navies have to more and more align with international regulations and directives for the whole systems life cycle.


Challenges & Ways Out

Affordability and the need to prepare for an uncertain future

• Multi-mission, flexible and modular naval platforms

• Reduced life cycle cost

• Improved capabilities

Energy & Environment

• Increased energy efficiency (propulsion concepts, alternative fuels…)

• Reduced emissions

Society

• Reduced crews

• Employment of unmanned systems


Design / Building Modularity

• common buildings blocks for vessels

• re-use of engineering

Configuration Modularity (MEKO® Modularity)

• standard interfaces for different systems

• easy change of systems during docking periods

• e. g. MEKO® ships

Mission Modularity

• exchange/enhance the capabilities

• fast change of mission of mission modules

• e. g. LCS, MEKO® CSL

Weapon ModulesElectronic ModulesMast ModulesMachineryPallets

Weapon ModulesElectronic ModulesMast ModulesMachineryPallets

The New MEKO® Modularity


The New MEKO® Modularity

Standard Sections

Three medium sized DEwith three speed

cross connection gearbox

Variant 1 Variant 2 Variant 3

Two medium sized DEwith two PTI

two reduction gearboxes

Two medium sized DEwith two small sized DE

two reduction gearboxes

Variant Sections Customized Areas


Use of Customized Areas

20 ft

20 ft

ISO-Standard


Steel-Aluminum-Foam Sandwich

Properties• Superior stiffness – mass ratio• Increased material damping

(as compared to steel / Aluminum)

Steel-Aluminum-Foam Structures

Advantages• Reduced structural mass• Improved acoustics• Simple designs (less no. of parts)

Application areas• Machinery foundations• Ship rudders• Mast modules

Lightweight Materials

Base material: Steel-Aluminum-Foam Sandwich

Prototype of Gear Box Foundation / Rudder


Lightweight Materials - Applications

Benefits

• Reduction of complexity

• Weight savings 15 – 25 %


Fuel Cell Systems

• Zero NOx, zero SOx, low CO2 emissions

• Increased energy efficiency by exhaust heat recovery

• Superior survivability through decentralization / modularization

Fuel Cell Power Generation

42 kW Fuel Cell Stack

Layout of Fuel Cell Power Generation (SOFC)

Possible arrangement of Fuel Cell modules on a navy vessel


Countering Asymmetric Threats – Directed Energy Weapons

Source: Diehl BGT Defence

• Employed to keep ship/boats at distance

• Technology already introduced to land-based systems

* HPEM: high power electro magnetic

Source: Rheinmetall Waffe Munition

• Scalable Defence Capabilities

• Technology available to land based systems

HPEM* Pulses LASER


Power Supply

surface- / snorkel operation submerged operation

fuel oil

air

diesel generator batterypropulsion

system&

hotel load

FC

reformerO2 H2

Source: Siemens, Gaia, MTU, Piller


Motivation for the Development of the Reformer-AIP-System

• significant increased AIP range

• lower investment costs

• easier logistic of reactants

• state of the art

• intake of seawater for weight compensatingis necessary

• cooling of waste heat

• high system complexity

CH3OH + H2O energy 3H2 + CO2


Development of High Energy Lithium-Ion-CellsRagone Plot for Different Battery Systems

Characteristic of Lithium-Ion-Cells:

• Higher energy density compared to other technologies

• Slighter dependence on power load compared to lead-acid-cell

Sub

mar

ine


Overview

• Multihull vessel topped by a large array of photovoltaic solar panels

• Built in 14 months

• The biggest solar boat ever built

Electrical Data

• 648 Lithium-Ion Cells

• Transmission of HDW Safety Concept

• Capacity 1,13 MWh (Weight: 13 tons)

Time Schedule

• 04/2010 Launching

• 08/2010 Sea trials

• 09/2010 Circumnavigation

of the world

Status of Development: Prototype of Lithium-Ion-Battery on “PlanetSolar”

Goal The goal is to navigate around the world at an average speed of 7.5 knots

© PlanetSolar


Operational Advantages and Increased Performance CharacteristicsIncreased Performance of Class 214

Lithium Ion Battery

Lead Acid Battery

Lithium Ion+ FC

Sub

mer

ged

Cru

isin

gR

ange

Sub

mer

ged

crui

sing

rang

e of

Li-

Ion

com

pare

dto

Lea

d A

cid

[%]


Lithium-Ion Technology fulfills all demands on a battery for

submarines with an improved performance.

• High specific energy ✓• High specific power ✓• High efficiency ✓• No memory effect ✓• Gas-tight system ✓• No Maintenance ✓• Reduction of peripheral equipment ✓• Long lifecycle ✓

Lithium-Ion battery technology is available for:

• New submarines

• Retrofit of existing submarines

Conclusion Lithium-Ion Technology

tomorrow


Vertical Multi-Purpose Lock (VMPL)

fuel oil tank

deployment of divers and special forces

AUV

mine revolver

missilescompensating tanks

hatch

hatch


IDAS – Interactive Defence and Attack System


Four (4) missiles per launching container

Retrofitable to all standard torpedo tubes

Torpedo tubes still can be used for other weapons

Empty launching container can be used again

IDAS Launching Container


Class 216 Flexible Payload – Casing Area

1 pressure tight container

aft casing forward casing

3 pressure tight containers

3 TCM racks1 pressue tight container

1 TCM racks

1 AUV garage 1 ROV garage


Casing Module: Defence Launcher System


Integration of UUVs: Available UUVs

• Use of already available UUV systems

• SeaOtter MKII from ATLAS ELEKTRONIK

• DAVID from Diehl BGT Defence

• Two different demonstrators' for

UUV launch & recovery devices

• inside the casing for SeaOtter MKII

• Inside a weapon tube for DAVID.


Latest Practical Trials with Launch & Recovery System for Weapon Tubes

Trials at ourharbour test facility in June 2011


Conclusion

Our developments will enable future ships and submarines

• to be more cost efficient by the use of “building bricks”

• to have more endurance and to be more “green”• storing it’s energy more efficiently

• using it’s energy more efficiently

• to have mission modules tailored to individual missions

• to be versatile and fight with scalable impact

• to show lower signatures

This will make ships and submarines by TKMS to be the premier tools for

maritime security – especially when the focus is on stealth, durability,

mission flexibility and endurance.

Documents

Ships of the Future