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SiD Machine Detector Interface (MDI). Tom Markiewicz/SLAC U. Tokyo, Japan 3 September 2014. MDI Activities (I). Backgrounds and Detector Design Primary particles produced in the beam-beam interaction - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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SiD Machine Detector Interface (MDI)
Tom Markiewicz/SLAC
U. Tokyo, Japan
3 September 2014
MDI Activities (I)
• Backgrounds and Detector Design– Primary particles produced in the beam-beam interaction
• Disrupted e- or e+ beam (off energy, off angle), beamstrahlung photons, e+e- pairs, hadrons neutrons
– Muons from beam halo scraping in the collimation system– Synchrotron radiation (SR) photons, especially from the final doublet– Secondary particles in detector after primary particles strike something
• e+e- pairs striking BeamCal cause backgrounds in VXD, Tracker and Calorimeters• Neutrons streaming back from beam dumps
• Accelerator Design– Work closely with the BDS “Beam Delivery System” group
• Collimation system, Final Focus, Extraction Line
– Work with the LEP “Luminosity, Energy & Polarization” group– Work with those selecting IP spot parameters
• Detector Design– Beampipe and BeamCal in particular– Detector resident masks, apertures
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 2 of 51
MDI Activities (II)
• Engineering– Work with the magnet designers: QD0 and QF1 especially– Work with mechanical engineers:
• Location, support & alignment of everything within r<30cm• Push-pull mechanical and cryogenic systems
– Work with civil engineers: underground IR Hall, above ground Assembly Hall
• Multidisciplinary:– Radiation protection: self-shielding, “PACMAN” design, etc.
• Shielding design and radiation calculations
– Vibration measurement & control, especially of QD0– Alignment, especially of QD0– Metrology
• Frequency Scanning Interferometer to re-establish alignment after a push-pull
– Cryo: • guaranteeing system, lines, interconnects consistent with detector design and push-pull operation
– Vacuum for z<200m– Feedback to stabilize/maximize Luminosity: “FONT” BPM and Kicker– Beam commissioning with or without detectors
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 3 of 51
MDI People
• The Future– Everything that has been done to produce the LOI/DBD will need to be re-done in the
context of the Japanese site specific design• Many results used for the design are >6 years old• Details have changed yet not been incorporated into a self-consistent collection of results• Design changes: new L* desired by AD&I team• “Value Engineering” should be applied as ILC project comes on the mass shell
– A new team must learn how to use existing tools or develop better tools– Many projects have not begun or have been abandoned for lack of available
personnel
• Past contributors (partial list):– Takashi Maruyama & Lew Keller (backgrounds)– Mike Woods, Mike Hildreth(NDU), Eric Torrence (UO), Ken Moffeit (LEP Issues)– Mario Santana (FLUKA radiations calcs)– Wes Craddock (Solenoid & Yoke design; Cryo)– Marty Breidenbach, Phil Burrows(OU), Marco Oriunno, TWM (all)– Brett Parker, Andy Marone & Bill Sporre (BNL QD0)– Bill Cooper(FNAL), Mike Sullivan, Sasha Novokhatski (Beam Pipe, Vacuum, HOM
Heating)
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 4 of 51
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
SiD Schematic(before Support Tube adopted)
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
HCAL Door Yoke PACMAN
QD0 Cryostat QF1 Cryostat
QD0 L*=3.5m
QF1 L*=9.5m
QD0 Service Pipe
FB Kicker
FB BPM
BeamCal
PolyCarbonate
LumiCal
W MaskBeampipe
ECAL
Beampipe Spider
Support
Bellows & Flange
5 of 51
SiD Schematic(Door Closed)
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
HCAL Door Yoke PACMAN
QD0 Cryostat QF1 Cryostat
QD0 L*=3.5m
QF1 L*=9.5m
QD0 Service Pipe
FB Kicker
FB BPM
BeamCal
PolyCarbonate
LumiCal
W MaskBeampipe
ECAL
Movers
Beampipe Spider
Support
Bellows & Flange
6 of 51
SiD Schematic(Door Open 2.8m)
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
HCAL Door Yoke
QD0 Cryostat QF1 Cryostat
QD0 L*=3.5m
QF1 L*=9.5m
QD0 Service Pipe
FB Kicker
FB BPM
BeamCal
PolyCarbonate
LumiCal
W MaskBeampipe
ECAL
Beampipe Spider
Support
Bellows & Flange
Movers
7 of 51
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
SiD Schematic(Door Open 2.8m)
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
HCAL
Door Yoke
QD0 L*=3.5m
QF1 L*=9.5m
QD0 Service Cryostat
FB Kicker
PACMAN
Barrel Yoke
Solenoid Cryostat
HCAL
Cryo Chiller
8 of 51
MDI Projects
2011-12 for DBD:– Add real vacuum components to beamline to
make sure it is buildable– QD0 Support Tube and Magnet Mover System– Frequency Scanning Interferometer System– Vacuum and HOMs
Older:– Self Shielding Calculations (2010?)– PACMAN Engineering (2008?)– Beam-Beam Backgrounds, DID/antiDID,
Apertures (2006 and for “SB2009”)
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 9 of 51
Granada LCWS’11 Engineering ModelGo from PPT Engineering to COTS parts
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
G. Anzalone/SLAC
10 of 51
More Aggressive Bellows Design
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Assume functionality of double multi-convolution
bellows provided by bellows outboard of the
VXD support
Need to ensure adequate clearance between
beampipe and all FCAL components
Suggested that this bellows “comes for free” if
back end of cone appropriately engineered
Handshake with QD0/FCAL Support Scheme Essential
Rejected Conservative Design2-multi & 1-single convolution
bellows to allow FCAL position & VXD angle adjust
22% Evts in LumiCal lost
11 of 51
Vacuum: Still Assumes QD0 Cryo-Pump Only,But…..
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
(“Virtual”?) Single Convolution Bellow in front of BeamCAL
Recent suggestion to eliminate individual beampipes within BeamCal and the
Low-Z absorber for better conductance
Previous VersionImplication to reduced BeamCal acceptance
not yet considered
12 of 51
Space Behind BeamCal Increased from 100mm→277mm to accommodate BPM
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
W-Mask to protect QD0 from Pairs
Common or Individual bellows
4-electrode 100mm stripline
1um resolution BPM
Increased separation to accommodate
bellows, BPM and flanges
13 of 51
Transverse Space Behind BeamCal Tightly Constrained
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 14 of 51
•Electro-mechanical Design of BMP & Kicker by S. Smith/SLAC
Evolution of QD0-QF1 region
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
•Valve/Pump Out/RGA assemblies near QF1 end•QD0 Service Line to 2K chiller extended maximally to rear•Support tube behind QD0 extends to allow 2.8m door opening transitioning to a half-cylinder for access
Door plates Door Ring5683mm
QD0 Service Line
Wedge Alignment System in Pockets in Door Ring
Back end of QD06933mm
Back end of Support Tube
Valve Assembly550mm FB Kicker8090mm from IP
FB BPMG. Anzalone/SLAC
Front QD03283mm
Front QD09236mm
15 of 51
Plan & Elevation Views of Disconnect & Pumpout Valves
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
1-1/2” Gate Valves
Formed Bellows & Disconnect
Flanges
Angle Valve for Roughout Pump
G. Anzalone/SLAC
Ion Pumps
All Vacuum Parts from MDC Catalog
16 of 51
Elevation View at 2.8m Door Opening
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Semicircular plate and strut at end of support tube
Kicker with Electrodes
Support tube cut to semi-cylinder at rear
Alignment Wedge
G. Anzalone/SLAC17 of 51
QD0 Cutaway
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Andy Marone/BNL
18 of 51
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Detailed Cryo-engineering Based on Similar Magnets Built for HERA
Back End of QD0
B. Parker et al, BNL
2250mm
200mm
760mm diameter
Overall service cryostat dimensions
Local “Service Cryostat”
19 of 51
Integration of the QD0 cryoline
Hilman Rollers
QD0 service cryostat
He2 cryoline
Ancillary platform
T. Markiewicz/SLAC2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo 20 of 51
BNL Design of QD0 Support and Alignment System
• ANSYS analysis of QD0 outer can in either original 0.25” or suggested 1” thickness shows unacceptable deformation of cold mass support structure
• BNL designed an external support tube and a compact mover system
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Bill Sporre/BNL
Bolt Hole Rotation Pt.
21 of 51
Support Tube/QD0 Radial Clearances
6.00
R211.00
*
R216.00
Tracker inner radius NEEDS TO BE increased from 200mm 216mm so it can slide over support tube to allow access to VXD
QD0 OD reduced from 390mm (4.5m L* design) by 2 x 0.007 x 1m = 14mm
Cryostat Thickness = ¼”
R216mm Hole in Ø620mm Fe Cylinder at center of Endcap Doors
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo
QD0
Lumi(220 kg)
Mask (507 kg)
LowZee&Beamcal(136 kg)
Support Clam-shell
10mm steel
1616 mm 392
QD0
Lumi(220 kg)
Mask (507 kg)
LowZee&Beamcal(136 kg)
Support Clam-shell
10mm steel
1616 mm 392
LOI Concept: FCAL supported by clam-shell bolted to QD0 Cryostat
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Marco Oriunno/SLAC
23 of 51
Support Tube Analysis Weight Distribution When LumiCal & BeamCal Supported on Extension of QD0 Cryostat
Support Tube 980 kg
QD0908 kg
M. Oriunno/SLAC2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo
Displacements (mm)VM Stresses (Kgf/mm2)
Door Closed: 100um deflection
Supports
M. Oriunno/SLAC
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo 25 of 51
2 m
Displacements (mm)VM Stresses (Kgf/mm2)
Door Open 2m: 2.2mm deflection
VXD Tracker Supports
M. Oriunno/SLAC
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo 26 of 51
Displacements (mm)VM Stresses (Kgf/mm2)
2.8 m
Door Open 2.8m: 6mm deflection
VXD Tracker Supports
M. Oriunno/SLAC
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo 27 of 51
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
QD0 Ø390 mm
Support Tube I.D. Ø420 mmO.D. Ø470.8 mm
Support Tube I.D. Ø390 mmO.D. Ø470.8 mm
50 mm
1490 mm
Support Tube I.D. Ø420 mmO.D. Ø470.8 mm
1374 mm
Bolt Hole Rotation Pt.
Bill Sporre/BNL
28 of 51
29/51
Support Tube Analysis SetupDoor Open 2m
Wedge Support Points
Rear Support Point
Wedge Support Points
Rear Support Point
5.7mm
3.6mm
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo
Bill Sporre/BNL
QD0 Wedge Design Concept
Total Pad Travel as is = .475in
Height of pad and distance of displacement will be changed pending analysis on sagging of beam line.
Conceptual design only at this point
Motor & Drive Rod system not yet done
Limit SwitchesPotentiometer
Bill Sporre/BNL
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo
Pads located in cutouts in iron ring
to which door plates are welded
216<r<620mm
QD0 Wedge Design Concept
Bill Sporre/BNL
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo
Frequency Scanning Interferometry
• Pioneered by Armin Reichold et al at Oxford for ATLAS– Oxford has commercialized a system bought by LCLS to
monitor adjustable gap undulator: many heads
• In SiD context, R&D program by Keith Riles et al at U. Michigan 2003-2007 (for SiD tracker) & 2011-2012 (for QD0)
– Established an 8-channel optical table in Michigan lab
– Verified 1-D, 2-D displacement measurements with sub-micron precision – Available equipment limits 3-D displacement test to few-micron precision, but should be fine– Developing corner cubes and customized beam launchers – Currently compact and light enough for MDI application, but not for SiD tracker
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 32 of 51
FSI Grid for Monitoring QD0
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Keith Riles, Hai-Jun Yang/U. Michigan
QD0 QF1
33 of 51
IP Vacuum
• VACCALC: “ A Method for Calculating Pressure Profiles in Vacuum Pipes”, SLAC-PEP-II-APNOTE-6-94– The outgassing rate is taken to be 0.1 nTorr•l/s/cm2.
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
If cryo-pump only 136 nTorr• If add 10 l/s pump 69 nTorr• If add 20 l/s pump 46 nTorr
M. Sullivan/SLAC
34 of 51
Vacuum Between QD0 and QF1No Problem!
Assume the cryostat beam pipes have a total pumping of 500 l/s per cryostat
One 100 l/s ion pump for each pipe between the cryostats as drawn
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
M. Sullivan/SLAC
Incoming Beam Pipe Outgoing Beam Pipe
35 of 51
Vacuum Upstream of FF QuadsNeeds a Design!
Assume a 50 l/s ion pump every 2 m
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
20mm diameter beampipe <p> ~ 23 nTorr
And/or: Larger diameter beampipes, heater tapes to lower outgassing rates, etc.
Add distributed pumpingAntechamber, pumpscreen, NEG, …
M. Sullivan/SLAC36 of 51
Beam-Beampipe Interactionat the IP and in QD0
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Sasha Novokhatski/SLAC
Wakefields and Bunch field as beam passes BEAMCAL and LUMICAL
Beam-induced wakefields result in power loss due to trapped higher order modes and resistive wall heatingThese have been calculated by A. Novokhatski for the current IR geometry using MAFIA and NOVO codes:See: http://ilcagenda.linearcollider.org/materialDisplay.py?contribId=2&materialId=slides&confId=5596
Effects are very dependent on exact geometries, materials, shielding schemes and contact resistance
37 of 51
Summary of HOM Heating at IP
• Average power of the wake fields excited in IR is around 30 W for nominal parameters (6 kW pulsed)– 90% from modes excited in pipe (geometry (R/Q) & frequency
dependent)
– 10% from resistive wall heating
• In the QD0 region there is an additional ~4W from resistive losses in the pipes and wakefields, excited by pipe diameter changes, due to the shielded bellows– Flange edge size, contact resistance, coatings important
• Heating from BPMs and kickers must be added
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Full 3D LOI Beam Pipe(no bellows, flanges, or pump ports included)
Sasha Novokhatski/SLAC 38 of 51
Self-Shielding and PACMAN
• PACMAN shields IR Area between the detector and the beam tunnel• Current Concept has a SiD-mounted piece and a ILC/SiD common
piece to accommodate different detector sizes and QD0 support schemes
• Figures of merit are “Total Dose” and “Dose Rate”– Relevant Japanese authorities need to be educated about the nature
of ILC pulsed beams
– Dose Rate limits (which seem artificially low given the short time scale of an “accident” (1ms)”) need to be re-evaluated
• Handling of PACMAN sub-pieces will likely determine underground crane requirements
• Design of UG IR Hall, tunnel lip that holds QF1, interface with platform motion system, QD0 support and push-pull all argue for active work in this area
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 39 of 51
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Electrical motor, low friction hinges
Current SiD “PacMan” Rotating Hinged Design
M. Oriunno, SLAC 40 of 51
T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Geometry: pacman and SiDB-B’
SiD elevation at beam plane Small PACMAN
SiD elevation at beam plane Large PACMAN
SiD elevation at beam plane Large PACMAN
50 cm steel +
170 cm concrete
120 cm steel +
250 cm concrete
M. Santana, SLAC, LCWS 20102014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo 41/51
MSL - SLAC 42
20 R.L. Cu target in IP-9 m. Small pacman.
9 MW9 MW
BEAM PLANE PENETRATION PLANE
9 MW9 MW
µSv/event- 1000 µSv/event- 18000 mSv/h
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 42/51M. Santana, SLAC - 2010 LCWS Beijing
MSL - SLAC 43
20 R.L. Cu target in IP @ 9 m. Large pacman.
9 MW9 MW
BEAM PLANE PENETRATION PLANE
9 MW9 MW
µSv/event- 10 µSv/event- 180 mSv/h
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 43/51M. Santana, SLAC - 2010 LCWS Beijing
Provisional conclusions
• Small pacman and pacman-cavern interface are sufficient in terms of dose per event.
– Beam aborted after 1 Train• However, the dose rates for the small pacman are very high:
– Proven mechanisms should be installed to:• avoid these accidents to occur• shut off beam after 1 train (200 mS)
– Possible Debates• The large pacman complies with all criteria.• The penetrations in the pacman don’t require local shielding.• The shielding of the detector may be insufficient to comply
with dose rate limit. Exclusion area?• More studies ongoing (mis-steering…)
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 44/51M. Santana, SLAC
Backgrounds & Forward Calorimetry
• All studies done by T. Maruyama in GEANT3 (pairs, SR) and FLUKA (Neutrons from Dump, Dose Rates)
• Last looked at for “SB 2009” IP Parameters and presented early 2011
• Have not kept up with changes to nominal beam parameters, beam energy variations, or changes to FCAL
• Questions of DID/anti-DID implementation, “bent solenoid”, new L*, beampipe variants, etc. should be investigated
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 45 of 51
SiD Forward RegionLumiCal20 layers of 2.5 mm W +10 layers of 5.0 mm W
BeamCal50 layers of 2.5 mm W
3cm-thick Tungsten Mask13cm-thick BoratedPoly
Centered on the outgoing beam line
EC
AL
Beampipe+/- 94 mrad (detector)+101 mrad, -87mrad (ext. line)
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLACT. Maruyama SLAC 46/51
Pair edge and Beam pipe design
Pt=0.032 Pz0.43
Pt
(GeV
/c)
Pz (GeV/c)
• Pairs develop a sharp edge and the beam pipe must be placed outside the edge.
• Find an analytical function of the edge in Pt vs. Pz space.• Taking into account the crossing angle and solenoid field,
draw helices in R vs. Z space. SB2009 500 GeV TF
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 47/51T. Maruyama SLAC
SiD beam pipe and pairs edgeMessage: Aggressive Beampipe
500 GeV RDR Nominal 500 GeV RDR Low P
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLACT. Maruyama SLAC 48/51
Detector-Integrated-Dipole
• Total pair energy into BeamCal is half.– 10 TeV/BX vs. 20 TeV/BX with NO-DID.
• Pair distribution is symmetric and more confined.• No. photons backscattering to the tracker is half.
We want Anti-DID. DID
SiD Solenoid
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLACT. Maruyama SLAC 49/51
VXD hit density / train
0.1
1
10
100
Hits
/mm
2/tr
ain
54321
VXD Layer
1000 GeV TF 1000 GeV NoTF 500 GeV RDR 500 GeV TF 500 GeV NoTF 350 GeV TF 350 GeV NoTF 250 GeV TF 250 GeV NoTF
100 hits/mm2
6 hits/mm2
• Detector tolerance
• Use generic 1% pixel occupancy
• Dependent on sensor technology and readout sensitive window.
– Standard CCD 20m x 20m
• 2500 pixels/mm2
• 6 hits/mm2/sw (assuming 1 hit 4 pixels)
– Fine pixel CCD 5m x 5m
• 40000 pixels/mm2
• 100 hits/mm2/sw (assuming 1 hit 4 pixels)
T. Maruyama SLAC
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 50/51
Summary
Every area mentioned would benefit from increased collaboration and fresh ideas
2014.09.03 SiD MDI U. Tokyo T. Markiewicz/SLAC 51/51