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Green Ammonia18th December 2017Ian Wilkinson

siemens.comRestricted © Siemens AG 2017

Restricted © Siemens AG 2017December 2017Slide 2 CT

With renewable energy, the ammonia cycle is carbon free

ElectrochemicallyProduced Ammonia

++WaterN2 from air Renewable Electricity

=

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Ammonia is already a significant chemical, with a commodity marketvalue of over €80bn/year

Source: World Fertilizer Trends and Outlook to 2018, Food and Agriculture Organization of the UnitedNations

Global fertilizer nutrient consumption

161.829

161.659

170.845176.784

180.079

183.175

186.895

190.732

193.882

197.19

200.522

150160170180190200210

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Mill

ion

MT

§ A gas, produced by the chemical industry. Over 80% of ammonia is used in thefertiliser industry.

§ Similar storage properties similar to LPG: liquefies at -33ºC (ambient pressure) andaround 12bar (ambient temperature); safe handling procedures are well-established.

§ Current production levels of Ammonia are about 180m t/year. The historic commodityvalue is €300-€700/t, leading to a commodity market of over €80bn/year

§ Production today uses the Haber-Bosch process and relies on natural gas as afeedstock.

Ammonia

http://energyfromthorium.com/2011/10/29/nuclear-ammonia/ammoniafertilizer/


The Role of "Green" Ammonia in Decarbonising Energy Systems

• Why I think ammonia has a role to play – thetechnical argument;

• How ammonia can play a role – the economicargument;

• Practical demonstration: ammonia synthesis andenergy storage system demonstrator at RAL.


The scale of the task to decarbonise is considerable...

Graphs are the work ofDr. Grant Wilson at theUniversity of Sheffield,reproduced with permission.

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Data are from National Grid, Elexon and BEIS. Charts are licensed under an Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licenseCharts can be downloaded from http://bit.ly/energycharts

by Dr Grant Wilson [email protected]

2014 2015 2016 2017

Great Britain’s Energy Vectors – in GWh per day

Electricity demand = INDO + embedded generation




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Transport fuel = DERV (Diesel)




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Transport fuel = Motor Spirit (Petrol)




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Electricity from Non PS Hydro + Wind + Solar


Addressing energy storage needs will require a range of technologies

1) Electro-Thermal Energy Storage 2) Compressed Air Energy Storage

Storage time

Chemicals: Methane / Hydrogen /Ammonia

Flywheel storage(< 1MW Flywheel, up to 100 MW Turbines)

Supercapacitor

Flow-Batteries Pumped

Hydro

Thermo-mechanicalstorage

Min

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Seco

nds

Hou

rsW

eeks

1 kW Power100 kW 1 MW 10 MW 100 MW 1,000 MW

Li-Ion

NaS, Lead Acid

NaNiCl

AquionBatteries

Day

s

Technology

MechanicalElectrical

Electrochemical

ChemicalThermal

Maturity

ETES1)

CAES2)

ACAES3)

3) Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage

Commercial

DemonstrationEarly commercial

Concept phase


Several potential markets exist for Green Ammonia:it is a carbon-free flexible asset

Generation

AgileAmmoniaSynthesis

Solar Power

Wind Power

Electrolysis

HydrogenStorage Transport Fuel for

Fuel Cell Vehicles

AmmoniaStorage

Gas TurbinePower Generation

Grid

N2

Air SeparationUnit

Synthesis Use

AmmoniaShipment

AmmoniaCracking

Feedstock (Fertiliseror other Industry)

Reducingproduct value

DSR / Gridbalancing services


Electrolyser CAPEX costs - An EU study

Source:“Development of Water Electrolysisin the European Union“, E4techSàrl with Element Energy Ltd forthe Fuel Cells and Hydrogen JointUndertaking February 2014


Low Bids for Solar PV

Source:https://cleantechnica.com/2016/09/20/lowest-ever-solar-price-bid-2-42%C2%A2kwh-dropped-abu-dhabi-jinkosolar-marubeni-score/


Green Ammonia production cost estimate – 200 MW plant

BEIS“Low” LCOE2018-2030estimates

BEIS“Central” LCOE2018-2030estimates

Commodity price

Electricity price

Variables held constant:

Control plant

Electricity price has been calculated using90 GBP/MWh and a 50% ammonia-to-electricityconversion efficiency

Source: “"Islanded power-to-ammonia production process: Key variables and their sensitivity”; R. Banares-Alcantara, R. Nayak-Luke, I. Wilkinson;Submitted to Computers & Chemical Engineering October 2017 with manuscript number CACE-D-17-00766.

https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCJaN1pb56cgCFUg5GgodbGwMbw&url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:University_of_Oxford.svg&bvm=bv.106379543,d.ZWU&psig=AFQjCNH3OXETPTxhBCLys6ox5uK4Mh4N_w&ust=1446285951581076


Green Ammonia production cost estimate – 200 MW plant

BEIS“Low” LCOE2018-2030estimates

BEIS“Central” LCOE2018-2030estimates

Commodity price

Electricity price

Variables held constant:

Control plant

Electricity price has been calculated using90 GBP/MWh and a 50% ammonia-to-electricityconversion efficiency

Source: “"Islanded power-to-ammonia production process: Key variables and their sensitivity”; R. Banares-Alcantara, R. Nayak-Luke, I. Wilkinson;Submitted to Computers & Chemical Engineering October 2017 with manuscript number CACE-D-17-00766.

FCEV Hydrogen price at €10/kg

FCEV Hydrogen price at €5/kg



Several potential markets exist for Green Ammonia:it is a carbon-free flexible asset

Generation

AgileAmmoniaSynthesis

Solar Power

Wind Power

Electrolysis

HydrogenStorage Transport Fuel for

Fuel Cell Vehicles

AmmoniaStorage

Gas TurbinePower Generation

Grid

N2

Air SeparationUnit

Synthesis Use

AmmoniaShipment

AmmoniaCracking

Feedstock (Fertiliseror other Industry)

Reducingproduct value

DSR / Gridbalancing services


The Green Ammonia Demonstrator will show the complete cycle of renewablepower, storage as ammonia, and conversion back to electricity


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The main components of the Green Ammonia energy storage systemdemonstrator are: wind turbine, N2 generator, H2 electrolyser, ammoniareactor, and an internal combustion engine

NH3 H-BReactor

(Bespoke)


RAL test site, Combustion and Synthesis Containers


The demonstrator will be used to explore 4 development areas – and providea platform for future development work

Ammonia combustion studiesHaber-Bosch synthesis catalyst

Energy managementsystem

Control system


For further information, see

http://www.siemens.co.uk/green-ammonia


Thank you for your attention!

Dr. Ian WilkinsonCT REE

[email protected]

siemens.com

Documents

Siemens Corporate Design PowerPoint-Templates...H o u r s W e e k s 1 kW 100 kW 1 MW 10 MW 100 MW 1,000 MW Power Li-Ion NaS, Lead Acid NaNiCl Aquion Batteries D a y s Technology Mechanical