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SIGNS OF FLUID LOSS (HYPOVOLEMIA) Fluid Loss (Expressed as Precentage of Body Weight) Mild Moderate Severe Sign 5% 10% 15% Mucous membranes Dry Very dry Parched Sensorium Normal Lethargic Obtunded Orthostatic changes in pulse or blood pressure Mild Present Marked Urinary flow rate Mildy decreased Decreased Markedly decreased Pulse rate Normal or increased Increased Markedly increased Blood presure Normal Midly decreased decreased DISUSUN OLEH : FAJAR MARTADIPUTRA 1310221023

Signs of Fluid Loss

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SIGNS OF FLUID LOSS (HYPOVOLEMIA)Fluid Loss(Expressed as Precentage of Body Weight)

MildModerateSevere

Sign5%10%15%

Mucous membranesDryVery dryParched

SensoriumNormalLethargicObtunded

Orthostatic changes in pulse or blood pressureMildPresentMarked

Urinary flow rateMildy decreasedDecreasedMarkedly decreased

Pulse rateNormal or increasedIncreasedMarkedly increased

Blood presureNormalMidly decreaseddecreased

DISUSUN OLEH :FAJAR MARTADIPUTRA1310221023SITI MARYAM ISTIQOMAH1310221026Mahasiswa Kepaniteraan (Co-Assistant) Fakultas Kedokteran UPNPeriode 21 April 24 Mei 2014

Kelas IKelas IIKelas IIIKelas IV

Kehilangan darah (ml)Sampai 750750 - 15001500 2000> 2000

Kehilangan darah (% volume darah)Sampai 15 %15% - 30%30% - 40%> 40%

Denyut nadi< 100> 100> 120> 140

Tekanan darahNormalNormalMenurunMenurun

Tekanan nadiNormal atau NaikMenurunMenurunMenurun

Frekuensi pernafasan14 - 2020 - 3030 - 40> 35

Produksi urin (ml/jam)> 3020 - 305 - 15Tidak berarti

CNS/status mentalSedikit cemasAgak cemasCemas, bingungBingung, lesu (Lethargic)

Penggantian cairan (Hukum 3:1)Kristaloid Kristaloid Kristaloid dan DarahKristaloid dan Darah

PERKIRAAN KEHILANGAN CAIRAN DAN DARAH(Berdasarkan Presentasi Penderita Semula)

DISUSUN OLEH :FAJAR MARTADIPUTRA1310221023SITI MARYAM ISTIQOMAH1310221026Mahasiswa Kepaniteraan (Co-Assistant) Fakultas Kedokteran UPNPeriode 21 April 24 Mei 2014