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• Similarities in certain species suggest a common ancestor (cell wall, chlorophyll)
Origin of Plants
Modern green algae Fern
• Does not have specialized tissue to move water & nutrients
• Small plants, depend on diffusion
Nonvascular Plants (bryophytes)
hornwortliverwort
moss
• Don’t have true stems, roots, or leaves– Do have structures that carry out activities
• Mosses– “mat” of tiny green plants– Rhizoid• root-like structure that holds nonvascular plants in
place• Helps plant get water and nutrients
Nonvascular (seedless) Plants
Moss Life Cycle
• Liverworts & Hornworts– Similar to life cycle of mosses– Liverworts• Gametophytes are leafy & moss-like OR broad and flattened
– Hornworts• Gametophytes are broad and flattened
Nonvascular (seedless) Plants
• First plants to live in new environment• Decompose to form thin soil layer for other
plants• Provide soil stability (reduce erosion)• Food chain• Material for nesting• Dried and burned• Potting soils
Importance of Nonvascular Plants
• Has tissue to deliver water & nutrients around plant
• Similar to circulatory system in humans• Plants can be any size
Vascular Plants
• Vascular plants have tissues that move water & nutrients throughout plant– Seedless– Nonflowering Seed Plants• Gymnosperms
– Seeds not enclosed by ovary or fruit
– Flowering Seed Plants• Angiosperms
– Seed within fruit of plant
Types of Vascular Plants
Seedless Vascular Plants
Fern
Horsetail
Club Moss
• Ferns– Fronds-tightly coiled fern leaves (fiddleheads)– Rhizome-underground stem from which new
leaves and roots grow
• Horsetails & Club Mosses
Seedless Vascular Plants
Life Cycle of Fern (vascular seedless)
• Environment– Help form soil– Prevent erosion
• Fossil Fuels– Coal
• Dietary supplements• Skin Care products• Shampoo
Importance of Seedless Vascular Plants